Pathologist - uas yog qhov no? Yuav ua li cas yog txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv-defectologist? Yog vim li cas tus me nyuam kawm ntawv nrog defectology?

Cov me nyuam - paj ntawm lub neej! Nws yog txuam nrog lawv cov me nyuam lub feem ntau tej lub npau suav ntawm txhua txhua tus niam txiv. Thiab yog thawj zaug uas yuav tsum tau los xyuas kom meej tus me nyuam niam thiab txiv - zoo kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, yog li cov nrhiav kom tau ntawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws hloov yuav tsum tam sim ntawd nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov tub txawg.

Leej twg yog tus pathologist?

Muaj yog ib tug profession uas combines tshuaj thiab pedagogy. Nws defectology. nyob rau hauv defectology specialist yuav tsum yog tus zoo phooj ywg thiab adviser rau tshwj xeeb cov me nyuam thiab lawv niam lawv txiv.

Pathologist - tus kws qhia ntawv uas specializes nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv nrog cov me nyuam uas poob qab nyob rau hauv lub cev los yog puas siab puas ntsws txoj kev loj hlob.

Yuav ua li cas zoo yuav tsum muaj ib tug pathologist

Pathologist - yog feem ntau ib tug neeg uas tau txais kom tsim nyog txoj kev kawm. Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum tau mus tshawb nrhiav qhov uas twb muaj lawm kev txawv txav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab nrhiav kev los pab txhawb lawv, raws li tau zoo raws li nqa tawm cov kev kawm Hoob no yog aimed ntawm kev tsim tus me nyuam qhov teeb meem. Muaj hnub nyoog teeb meem ntawm tus me nyuam thiab tus kws khomob tshwjxeeb yuav tsum tsis mus kawm ntawv. Cov yav tas yuav tsum tau mus nkag rau hauv lub cog qoob loo ntawm cov hluas tiam thiab los ua ib tug phooj ywg rau tus me nyuam.

Ntawm cov tus kheej zoo, uas yuav tsum muaj ib tug xib fwb-kws kho mob, yog cov nram qab no:

• Ib tug theem siab ntawm txoj kev ntse. Yog ib tug yuav tsum thaum peb kawm ib yam hauj lwm pathologists. Qhia ntawv yuav tsum muaj kom zoo thiab kom meej meej rau nws, nws yuav tsum tau muaj ib qho zoo heev nco, kom paub yuav ua li cas los tsim kom tau thiab kev teeb tsa cov hoob.

• Intuitive muaj peev xwm. Qhov uas yuav tsum tau los txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem uas yog haum rau cov ntaub ntawv.
• Soj thiab kev kho mob. Cov ob qualities yuav pab tsim kom muaj kev sib cuag nrog tus me nyuam los txiav txim seb cov specifics ntawm nws tus cwj pwm thiab muab nws ib zajlus kom piav.
• Sociability. Tus kws khomob tshwjxeeb yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav ntau yam lus nrog cov me nyuam thiab yuav sociable nrog lawv, yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm mus tham nrog tus me nyuam thiab raug provoked rau hauv ib tug ob sab sib dho sib tham.
• Emotional ruaj nrees thiab ua siab ntev. Muaj zog tshee system - tus yuam sij rau cov hauj lwm zoo thiab efficiency ntawm kev kawm pathologists nrog cov me nyuam uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws tsis taus. Koj yuav tsum to taub hais tias lub chaw ua hauj lwm defectology - txawj zog.
• Responsiveness. Pathologist - tus thawj tus neeg uas yuav tsum tau tuaj mus rau lub pab ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv kev xav tau, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsis muaj ab tsi rau lwm tus neeg tej teeb meem.
• Tact. Tus kws khomob tshwjxeeb yuav tsum ib ce muaj zog cov utmost ceev faj thiab paub cai nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam txog nrog tshwj xeeb kiddies thiab lawv niam lawv txiv.

defectological tshwj xeeb

defectology science muaj xws li ob peb tseem ceeb no:

• Theory - qhia cov me nyuam, muaj ob qhia tau meej heev thiab me deviations nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib hais pab;
• welfare kev ua si - kev kawm ntawv ntawm cov hluas tiam nrog impaired kev puas hlwb txoj kev loj hlob;
• kev kawm ntawv ntau ntau - kawm cov me nyuam uas cuam tshuam ua hauj lwm ntawm lub nrig txog kev pom apparatus;
• hais lus txoj kev kho - qhia cov me nyuam, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov uas nyeem ntawv nyob rau hauv lub cev ntau, tab sis muaj kev hais lus ntshawv siab, qhia nyob rau hauv hais.

SUPERVISION hais lus pathologists: hom phiaj thiab cov hom phiaj

Lub hom phiaj yog teem los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv-kws kho mob:

1. Ua lub siab xav kawm los ntawm txug.
2. Pab kom txawm peem rau tus tsis muaj kev paub, kom mus txog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus hais lus apparatus, qhia nyeem ntawv, kev nyeem ntawv, modeling, kev ua si.

Tsom on lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog tshwj xeeb cov me nyuam Specialist ua num tom ntej no:

• Ua daws cov teeb meem ua hauj lwm hais txog uas twb muaj lawm variations nyob rau hauv tus menyuam kawm ntawv txoj kev loj hlob.
• Nqa tawm ib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov me nyuam rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv thiab cov degree ntawm lawv xam qhovkev tsis xws luag.
• Nws koom siab ua ke cov tub ntxhais kawm nrog tib psychophysical lub xeev nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg.
• Ua cov chav kawm (nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg neeg los yog ib lub zuj zus), uas taw rau txoj kev kho hloov nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kho tshiab ntawm tej qhov nta. Cov chav kawm nrog teeb meem cov me nyuam yog raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm tej yam txoj kev thiab hom kev kawm. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib tug methodological kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub specifics ntawm uas twb muaj lawm deviations los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

• Tuav pej thiab sib tham nrog cov niam txiv ntawm cov me nyuam uas yog nyob rau hauv nws kev ncaj ncees.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug me nyuam txoj kev kho mob yuav tsum systematically txhim kho lawv cov kev txuj ci tsim nyog.

Lub zog ntawm cov xib fwb-defectologist

1. Ua ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus me nyuam, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm uas mob lub peev xwm mus kawm. Yog hais tias kev loj hlob tsis taus yog tias, ib lub koom haum ua hauj lwm tswj maximizing rov qab thiab replenishment ntawm cov shortcomings nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob.
2. Ua cov chav kawm ntawv, uas nws lub hom phiaj yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm yooj yim kev xav (xaav, xim, kev nco, kev xav muaj dab, thiab hais txog. D.).
3. Tsim kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov me nyuam.
4. Tsim culminating ua si rau cov me nyuam ntawm ib tug tej yam uas muaj hnub nyoog qeb. Yog li ntawd, pab kom txawm peem rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm me nyuam kawm preschool nyob rau hauv kindergarten kws kho mob qhia txog kev gaming kev ua ub no rau lub tsev kawm ntawv cov me nyuam - kev nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv thiab hais txog ..

Pathologists ua hauj lwm: koom haum hauv paus ntsiab lus

Yuav kom kuaj kev loj hlob mob thiab lawv cov kev kho thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm ib tug kev mus kom ze, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev sib sau ntawm tus mob thiab kho lus. Ua hauj lwm rau diagnostics yog ib feem ntawm ib tug kev tshawb no ntawm tus me nyuam tshwj xeeb. Qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau pab txhawb nqa, tus phooj ywg, tsis muaj extraneous suab nrov thiab peb ob tog, cov kev sib tham - nyob rau hauv ib tug twj ywm laus.

Analysis ntawm lub ua txhaum cai nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob yog nqa tawm siv etiopathogenetic mus kom ze. Txhua tshwj xeeb tus me nyuam ntaus lub hauv paus poob siab system, qhov xwm ntawm cov sib txawv txhab, uas yuav ua tau kom tsis niaj hnub disturbances nyob rau hauv kev puas hlwb thiab lub cev txoj kev loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb uas defectology yog differentiated. Rau txhua tus menyuam kawm ntawv los yog preschool tso ua ke ib daim ntawv teev cov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tej chaw ua hauj lwm.

Nyob rau hauv kos duab txog lub hom phiaj rau kev ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau raug xam tias muaj hnub nyoog pab pawg thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ib tug neeg ua cim los ntawm cov me nyuam. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm uas confronts tus me nyuam tus kws, nws yuav tsum tau meej heev. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam xav tau kev pab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ob los yog ntau tshaj cov kws txawj, muaj ib tug ua hauj lwm kev sib koom tes ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws qhia ntawv.

Rau txhua yam kev kawm tus me txiv neej xib fwb-kws kho mob muab dynamic xyuas, kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov uas peb yuav kos cov lus xaus raws li cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov kev qhia pab tej hauj lwm rau ntau yam methodological hom kev kawm.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, systematically ua correlative tsom xam ntawm lub xeev tsim ntawm kev kawm kev txawj ntse, kev puas hlwb thiab lub cev txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub crumbs.

Myths xwb hais txog lub pathologists

• Tswvyim hais ua dabneeg 1. Rau cov tsis paub yog vim li cas, cov neeg muaj ib lub tswv yim rau dab tsi therapist specializing nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm heev dua lwm yam rau cov me nyuam uas muaj teeb meem loj txawv txav ntawm kev puas hlwb thiab lub cev functions. Qhov no yog tsis muaj tseeb. Nws yuav pab tau txhua tus me nyuam muaj teeb meem nrog kev kawm ntawv. Pathologist - ib tug dav-profile xib fwb uas paub yuav ua li cas los xaiv txoj cai txoj kev qhia rau ib tug me nyuam.
• Tswvyim hais ua dabneeg 2. Zaug nrog ib tug kws nyob rau hauv defectology yuav kav mus ib txhis. Far los ntawm nws, los yog ntau tshaj precisely, nws tsis yog li ntawd. Yog hais tias ib tug xib fwb ua hauj lwm nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj teeb meem rau cov kev ua tau zoo thiab twb tsis muaj kev tsis taus kev puas hlwb thiab lub cev cwj pwm, xws kev tshawb fawb kom meej meej peculiar rau lub hnub. Nws los thaum tus kws qhia kom tus me nyuam sau nyob rau hauv txoj kev paub khoob.

Hais lus kws kho mob thiab pathologist: dab tsi yog lub ntsiab sib txawv

Lub ntsiab sib txawv los ntawm kev hais lus pathologists hais lus txoj kev kho yog raws li nram no:

1. Target cov neeg tuaj saib. Pathologist ua hauj lwm nrog tshwj xeeb cov me nyuam uas muaj tej yam txawv txav nyob rau hauv lub hlwb thiab lub cev kev loj hlob, thiab kev hais lus therapist - nrog ib tug kiag li tsim cov me nyuam uas muaj teeb meem nrog kev hais lus thiab kev hais.
2. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev kawm. Pathologist hauv tsev kawm ntawv los yog kindergarten aims los pab cov crumbs mus rau kawm qhia lawv cov kev xav, restores qhov khoob nyob rau hauv kev txawj ntse, siv kev ntsuas rau tus kho lus ntawm kev puas hlwb txoj kev loj hlob. Hais lus kws kho mob kuj ua haujlwm xwb nyob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus thiab kev hais lus kho.
3. Txwv nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog pab pawg neeg ntawm cov me nyuam. defectology specialist yuav ua cov chav kawm ntawv uas muaj cov me nyuam me (ntawm 1 xyoos), tiam sis cov zaug nrog ib tug hais lus therapist yog tsis tsim nyog rau Rush mus rau hauv lub tua ntawm lub peb-xyoo uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm cov me nyuam mos. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug neeg laus neeg ua ntawv thov rau ib tug hais lus kws kho mob.
4. Pathologist - wide-profile specialist, dua li tsis tau khav txog ib tug hais lus therapist, ib tug teb ntawm kev ua si uas yog me npaum li cas.

lwm yam hauj lwm

SUPERVISION hais lus pathologists ze, nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais, nrog lub profession ntawm ib tug xib fwb, ib tug psychologist, ib tug kws kho mob, ib tug hais lus therapist, ib tug kindergarten xib fwb.

Nto moo zaum pathologists

Cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tus xov tooj ntawm cov me nyuam ntawm preschool thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj hnub nyoog. Heev heev cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem, mob siab lawv tej hauj lwm ntawm koj zaum ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nyob rau hauv lub Golden nyiaj ntawm zaum thiab pathologists yog: V. M. Behterev (Lavxias teb sab neurologist, hlwb thiab kev puas siab ntsws, founder ntawm scientific lub tsev kawm ntawv), IB Graborov (tsim piav thoob hlo kab lis kev cai kev kawm ntawv system), L. V. Zankov (domestic kev puas siab ntsws, kws kho mob thiab kws qhia ntawv, tus tub kawm ntawv LS Vygoskogo), M. S. Pevzner (Lavxias teb sab neeg kawm xaij, hlwb, puas siab ntsws, kws kho mob thiab tus kws qhia ntawv), F. A. Rau, zh. I. Shif, E. K. Gracheva (Lavxias teb sab ua ntej xib fwb-kws kho mob), V. P. Kaschenko (lub taub hau ntawm lub thawj tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb cov me nyuam sanatorium), IV Malyarevsky, L. S. Vygotsky (kws kho mob-xyaum ua tej yam Torr, ib tug soj ntsuam defectology), MF Gnezdilov (domestic oligophrenopedagogs, Methodist), G. E. Suhareva (los ntawm evolutionary-lom tswvyim ntawm kev puas hlwb mob), G. M. Dulnev.

Vim mus rau saum toj cov nuj nqis ntawm science kev kawm tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv Russia tau txais tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev pom zoo tab sis kuj cov kev loj hlob.