"Oxytocin": kev qhia, indications, contraindications

Cov tshuaj "oxytocin" yog siv nyob rau hauv Obstetrics. Nws yog ib tug peptide hormone (npaj artificially) posterior pituitary. Nyob rau hauv lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus, tej zaum nws yuav muaj cov nram qab pauv npe: "Partokon", "Oksistin", "Pitupartin", "Utedrin", "Ipofoamin", "Sintoitsin", "Orastin", "Uterakon", "Otsitotsin".

Lub active tshuaj oxytocin, phau ntawv them xim rau nws cov neeg muas zaub, tsub kom suab nrov ntawm lub tsev me nyuam, tsub kom lub contractility ntawm lub myometrium - nqaij txheej ntawm lub tsev menyuam.

Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tshuaj no yog muab mus tsim kho (leeb) zog, leeb txo (involution) ntawm lub tsev me nyuam tom qab tau me nyuam. Nws yog qhia thaum lub sij hawm phais plab seem.

Cov poj niam, muaj lus xaiv tias cov tshuaj "oxytocin" rau los ntshav - ib tug indispensable thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb kev khwv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov tshuaj yuav pab nrog qhov thiaj li hu ua atonic los ntshav, uas yog txuam nrog rau hauv lub poob ntawm uterine laus. Tab sis qhov no yog los ntawm tsis muaj txhais tau tias ib tug hais rau nws tus kheej: qhov ua rau ntawm uterine los ntshav yuav ua tau heev ntau haiv neeg tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tsuas yog tus kws kho mob txiav txim seb yuav thiab yuav ua li cas kom txhob muaj tus los ntshav. Self-tsa cov neeg ua hauj, xws li "oxytocin", cov kev qhia ntawv yog tshwj xeeb yog txhawj xeeb yuav ua tau kom tuag.

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus neeg yog muaj peev xwm mus kho "oxytocin"? Nws daim ntawv thov accelerates tus contraction ntawm myoepithelial hlwb. Qhov no tshwj xeeb secretory hlwb muaj nyob rau hauv alveolnoe puag ncig mammary qog. Lawv enhanced yuav txo tau muaj txhawb rau tsim thiab nce qib ntawm cov mis nyuj nyob rau hauv lactating cov poj niam nyob rau hauv loj mis nyuj ducts.

Cov tshuaj "oxytocin", cov nqe lus hais tias, thiab qhov no thiaj li muaj cov feem ntawm cov zis, vim hais tias nws tsis tau tiag tiag qhia vazopressinopodobnym antidiuretic kev txiav txim. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yeej txhawb cov reabsorption ntawm cov dej los ntawm ob lub raum, vim uas txo qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov zis.

Nyob rau hauv maternity tsev kho mob cov tshuaj yog tshuaj rau cov poj niam uas ua tsis raws sij hawm tom qab tsev vim tsis contractile peev xwm ntawm lub tsev menyuam.

Puas muaj tej contraindications rau tus naas ej tshuaj "oxytocin"? Cov lus qhia prints cov ntaub ntawv no nyob rau hauv bold. Nws yog contraindicated rau cov poj niam nrog ib tug heev nqaim mog, thiab lub thiaj li hu ua "cov me nyuam lub tsev menyuam." Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav xeem nyob rau lub tsis ncaj ncees lawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub fetus thiab yog hais tias tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov loj loj thiab tsis phim qhov loj ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Yog hais tias rau ib co yog vim li cas lub tsev me nyuam tuag rupture, cov tshuaj no kuj txhob.

Raws li nrog rau tag nrho cov lwm yam tshuaj, "oxytocin" yuav ua rau undesired cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los yog kev phiv. Vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm tshwm sim instantly, ces hno cov tshuaj ua tau tsuas yog cov kws kho mob. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo los muaj xws li anaphylactic poob siab leej niam, ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv uterine laus, pheej uterine contractions uas yuav ua rau nws cov kev sib tawg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau cov phenomena zaum yuav tshwm sim nyuag tab sis muaj zog thiab ntse siab nco tshwm tachycardia. Rau feem ntau cov poj niam, cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj no ua rau ntuav, xeev siab.

Muaj ntau ntawm cov tej yam kev mob hem lub fetus, uas tej zaum yuav pib tshwm sim asphyxia los yog saws nyob rau hauv lub plab, ua rau nws txoj kev tuag.

Yog vim li cas cov kws kho mob siv cov tshuaj "oxytocin" nyob rau hauv nruj tswj, thiab thaum twg cov kev pab cuam outweigh cov tau raug mob los ntawm nws.

Drug muab intravenously los yog intramuscularly. Pib intramuscularly, thiaj li tsis mus ua anaphylactic poob siab. Tsuas yog ces, yog tias yuav tsum tam sim ntawd tau, cov tshuaj yog muab intravenously. Nws yuav tsum tau ua maj mam, vim hais tias cov bolus tshuaj dheev knocks siab thiab tachycardia.

Feem ntau obstetric muab 1-3 IU. Nyob rau qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov gynecologist yuav raug muab tso thiab subcutaneous thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj 5-10Me. Thaum phais plab seem kho "oxytocin" yog tswvcuab rau hauv lub uterine leeg 5ME. Lawm, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tus kws kho mob xaiv ib tug neeg lawm.