Nyob kab mob: lawv lub zog, seb lub koom haum thiab kev faib

Zaum tau ntev tau pom los ntawm cov huab muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb thiab ces lawv pib mus kawm ntawv rau hauv lub ces, lub hauv paus pib thiab tis ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Cov science uas kawm tag nrho muaj sia nyob, lawv muaj nuj nqi, qauv, raws li tau zoo raws li lawv cov kev faib tawm, hu ua biology. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws txog lub kev sib raug zoo ntawm animate nrog tswg ntiaj teb no.

Tshwj xeeb nta muaj tsuas uas muaj sia nyob, raws li nram no: ib tug high degree thiab cov complexity ntawm lawv lub koom haum; txhua feem nws muaj nws tus kheej lub ntsiab lus thiab tej kev khiav dej num; muaj peev xwm siv, extract thiab hloov lub zog ntawm cov ib puag ncig rau lawv livelihoods; muaj peev xwm mus rau teb mus rau sab nraud stimuli thiab hloov nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yog zoo yoog mus rau lawv lub chaw (txoj kev loj hlob ntawm adaptive zog); yuav muaj me tub nws tus kheej (replicate), muaj qub txeeg qub teg thiab propensity rau variability. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm evolutionary txheej txheem, uas tau nyob rau hauv muaj xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm nyob creatures.

Muaj ntau ntau ntau ntau cov koom haum ntawm lub neej, uas yog interconnected nyob rau hauv ib tug complex subordination. Lub qis tshaj theem yog tus kab uas cais nyob yam los ntawm uas tsis muaj sia thiab nruab nrab yog ib tug molecular qauv. Ces muaj ib tug cellular theem ntawm uas lub hlwb thiab lub ntsiab yam ntxwv nta yog tib yam rau tag nrho cov. Ntau txoj organomineral cov ntaub so ntswg theem koom xwb los multicellular nyob rau hauv uas hlwb muab los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob tau tsim sufficiently. Cov theem tom ntej - tag nrho kab mob, muaj li cas los xij txawv creatures nyob, lawv muaj ib tug tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ntau - lawv muaj tag nrho li ntawm hlwb.
Ces tag nrho cov muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm lub neej yog twb txwv kom muab zais rau ib tug sib txawv hauv paus ntsiab lus. txawm tias ib tug tag nrho seem yog tso tawm nyob rau hauv biology, hu ua taxonomy, uas yog koom nyob rau hauv qhov kev piav qhia thiab grouping ntawm tag nrho quavntsej. Yog li ntawd, systematics ntawm muaj sia nyob cais lawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub neej nyob rau lub acellular (kab mob) thiab cell. Xeem lub caij nplooj zeeg lwm: yooj yim thiab complex cov kab mob, nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu thiab fungi. Yuav kom npaj tag nrho cov khoom, lawv yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas, thiab nws yuav siv ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nta, uas muaj xws li: morphological, biochemical, physiological thiab lwm nta.
Ntau mloog yog them rau biology thiab kawm txog cov qauv ntawm cov nyob yam. Lawv muaj ib tug ntau ntawm tshuaj Cheebtsam uas tsim lub organic thiab inorganic tebchaw. Tshuaj ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub hlwb uas muaj sia nyob muaj carbon atoms uas yog cov txwm ntawm lub neej. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, tag nrho cov organic tebchaw tsuas yog ib tug ob peb cov chav kawm ntawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txoj kev loj hlob. Cov no muaj xws nucleic acids, cov nqaijrog, lipids thiab carbohydrates. Nyob kab mob tej zaum yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lawv lub hlwb 70 rau lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub periodic system ntawm Mendeleev, tiam sis tsuas yog 24 lossi muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg (phosphorus, poov tshuaj, sulfur, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, txhuas, iodine, etc.)