Myths xwb thiab Legends ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws

Myths xwb thiab Legends ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws txawv unsystematic thiab tsis tag kev nthuav qhia. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv twb reconstructed rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub tom qab phau ntawv. Lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam cov views ntawm cov Iyi txog lub ntiaj teb no yog kev cai dab qhuas ntawv, xws li tej lus thov thiab tej zaj nkauj rau tus gods, ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub ntees tuag qhuas, uas tau nyob rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tombs. Qhov loj tshaj pom tau hais tias "Hauv Ntawv", sab laug nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa hauv lub chav ntawm cov pyramids ntawm lub pharaohs thib tsib thiab thib rau dynasties; "Hleb Ntawv", "Phau Ntawv tus tuag", ua rau ib tug lossis loj lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm (los ntawm cov khoom Tshiab Kingdom txog rau thaum xaus ntawm Iyiv keeb kwm).

Myths xwb ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws pib tshwm raws li thaum ntxov raws li 6-4 millennia BC. e. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv lub neej nws yog tseem tsis tau nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag. Nyob rau hauv txhua txhua cheeb tsam ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg tsim lub cult ntawm lub gods, uas tau embodied nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb, noog, saum ntuj ceeb tsheej lub cev, ntoo. Myths xwb ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws cia zaum kom to taub thiab kawm txog cov kev cai dab qhuas cov tswv yim ntawm lub ntiaj teb no cov neeg uas lub sij hawm. Ua tsaug rau lawv, koj yuav tau taug keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv. Archaeological cov ntaub ntawv hais tias lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm lub cosmic gods, uas yog rho nrog cov creation ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, tau tshwm sim ua ntej lub unification ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws. No version ntawm lub hnub yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm lub union ntawm Saum ntuj ceeb tsheej thiab lub ntiaj teb.

Myths xwb ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua rau lub ntsab lug, yog li lawv yog nthuav thiab varied. Lwm version ntawm cov creation ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv ob peb lub cult chaw zov me nyuam yuav luag txhij. Nws yog lub nroog Hermopolis, Memphis, Heliopolis. Txhua hais tias lawv tus vajtswv, uas yog leej txiv ntawm tag nrho cov lwm yam gods uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Common rau tag nrho cov yog lub tswv yim tias lub ntiaj teb tau arisen raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub chaos ntawm dej, raus nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Tawm ntawm no chaos nrog unprecedented teeb. Yog li nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Kev nthuav qhia los ntawm lub ancient cov neeg ntawm cov dej caij yog zoo yam mus rau lawv lub neej txhua hnub. Myths xwb ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws hais tias cov dej los ntawm qhov chaw xub tshwm sim ib tug me me toj, thiab ces maj mam qhib thiab lub ntiaj teb tag nrho. Ib yam li ntawd, txhua xyoo puastsuaj Velikiy Nil, plunging mus rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus tag nrho ib puag ncig. Tom qab ib co sij hawm rau cov dej mus, cov neeg tawm hauv fertile av.

Myths xwb ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tsis sawv cev rau zaj dabneeg tag nrho. Feem ntau, cov tib txheej xwm yog piav nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Gods thiab muaj nqi heev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau yam guises. Ib tug tseem ceeb qhov tseeb yog hais tias tus creation ntawm lub ntiaj teb no them ib tug ntau ntawm cov xim, thaum lub creation ntawm tus txiv neej yog piav heev luv luv. Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau nws muaj peev xwm yuav xaus lus tias cov neeg Iyiv ntseeg hais tias ib tug neeg los ntawm lawv cov tsos yuam ua hauj lwm mus rau lub gods. Raws li ib tug ua tsaug koj tias nws yuav tsum pe hawm lawv thiab nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev uas thov lawv.

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau raug lees paub tias los ntawm lub hnub Vajtswv - Ra. Nws muaj lwm lub npe: Atum, Khepera. Raws li cov myths xwb, nws tsim nws tus kheej tawm ntawm chaos. Tom qab tus sawv ntawm Ra tsim thawj daim av - lub toj Ben Ben - thiab proceeded mus rau lub creation ntawm lwm yam gods. Yog li muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov av thiab cov gods, txiav txim rau nws.