Tsim, Secondary kev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv
Minerals nyob rau hauv South America: ib lub rooj, ib daim ntawv teev
Lub South American sab av loj yog cov plaub nyob rau hauv loj thiab muaj 12 ywj siab lub xeev. Cov zaub mov yog nyob rau hauv South America? Cov duab, kev piav qhia thiab nrhiav ib daim ntawv teev ntawm peb tsab xov xwm.
geography
Lub ntsiab ntawm qhov chaw yog nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb thiab Western hemispheres, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ib feem. Av los ntawm tus dej hiav txwv Pacific rau hauv lub sab hnub poob thiab lub Atlantic nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj ntawm North America, nws yog sib cais los ntawm lub Isthmus ntawm Panama.
Lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws, nrog rau cov islands ntawm hais txog 18 lab km. sq. Tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov inhabitants yog 275 lab tus tib neeg, nrog ib tug ntom ntawm 22 cov neeg ib square kilometer. Tus qauv ntawm lub teb chaws kuj muaj xws li cov nyob ze Islands tuaj, ib co ntawm lawv yuav mus rau lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lwm yam continents, xws li cov Falkland Islands tuaj (UK), Fabkis Guiana (Fabkis).
South America muaj ib tug loj ntev los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb, uas pab cov tsim ntawm contrasting huab cua thiab ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob. Lub teb chaws yog nyob rau hauv rau climatic ib ncig chaw, los ntawm tsis kub tsis txias rau subequatorial. Xeem nyob ntawm no ob zaug. South America yog lub feem ntau noo av loj, tab sis yog cov suab puam yog nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam.
Minerals South America (daim ntawv teev - tom qab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yog heev ntau haiv neeg, thiab cov av thiab kev nyab xeeb yog paaj rau ua liaj ua teb. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, muaj ntau yam forests, tej dej thiab pas dej, nrog rau cov deepest dej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no - lub Amazon, raws li zoo raws li cov coob dej tsis qab ntsev pas dej Titicaca.
nyem
Tus qauv ntawm lub mainland yog yooj yim heev, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm no, cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv South America hais ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm teb. Yeej, lub teb chaws yog muab faib ua ob lub ntsiab qhov chaw - mountainous thiab dawb, uas muaj xws li lub lowlands thiab highlands.
Cov western feem ntawm lub teb chaws uas muaj tuaj longissimus roob system - Andes. Lawv ntev tshaj 9000 km thiab peaks sawv saum toj no 6000 meters saum toj no rau hauv av. Qhov siab tshaj plaws taw tes yog Mount Aconcagua.
Lub lowlands nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj. Lawv nyob rau hauv lub loj ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws. Ib tug me me qhov chaw nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb yog lub Guiana Highlands, cov npoo ntawm uas yog heev heev waterfalls thiab canyons.
Nyob hauv qab no Brazilian Highlands, uas nyob ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm lub teb chaws. Vim lub sheer luaj li cas thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm hauv toj siab tej yam kev mob yog muab faib ua peb plateaus. Nws siab tshaj plaws taw tes yog Mount Bandeira (2897 m).
Lub depressions ntawm lub roob thiab plateaus yog Amazon, La Plata, Orinoco lowlands. Lawv nyob tsis pub dhau lub sib sib zog nqus dej nram hav. Lowland sawv cev yuav luag monotonous tiaj topography.
geology
Minerals South America tau tsim tau ntau centuries, nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov tsim ntawm lub teb chaws. Territory, raws li yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub nyem yog muab faib mus rau hauv thaj thiab sab hnub tuaj aav.
Lub sab hnub tuaj ib feem ntawm lub South American Platform. Nws pheej tshuav nyob rau hauv cov dej, li no, tsim nyob rau sediment (nqis nyob rau hauv lub teb) thiab tus siv lead ua (nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nqa, pab) pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm Brazil thiab cov Guiana Highlands mus rau qhov chaw outcrops ntawm metamorphic thiab igneous pob zeb.
Lub thaj ib sab yog daim ntau quav tso roob siv raws li ib feem ntawm lub Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws. Andes - yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm lithospheric daim hlau. Lawv tsim yog tshwm sim tam sim no, uas yog manifested nyob rau hauv volcanic kev ua si. Ntawm no yog ob tug ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws lub roob hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, yog ib tus uas (llullaillaco) acting.
Minerals South America (luv luv)
Mineral kev pab sawv cev teb chaws hlau ores, tshwj xeeb yog hlau thiab manganese, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub Brazilian thiab Guiana kuj tiaj tiaj los xij. Ntawm no yog muab tso rau deposits ntawm diamonds, kub thiab bauxite.
Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm qhov uas muaj qhov Andean orogeny, cov chaw tsim txawv nyob rau hauv cov xwm minerals nyob rau hauv South America. Ore thiab tsis-metallic minerals muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub roob. Tus thawj yog ncaj qha mus sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub Andes thiab tej thiab uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau ores, thiab rau tom kawg yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub foothills. Lub Andes yog tseem tso ntawm precious pob zeb.
Nyob rau hauv lub lowlands ntawm lub teb chaws, nyob rau hauv intermountain hollows thiab depressions tsim sedimentary pob zeb. Muaj deposits ntawm thee, roj thiab cov nkev. Cov combustible pab tau, piv txwv li, Orinoco lowlands, lub Patagonian toj siab, raws li zoo raws li lub archipelago ntawm Tierra del Fuego, nyob rau hauv lub Atlantic dej hiav txwv.
Minerals South America (Rooj)
tectonic qauv | landform | minerals | |
Lub South American platform | highlands | Guiana | Manganese, hlau ore, kub, diamonds, bauxite, npib tsib xee, uranium, txhuas |
Brazilian | |||
lowlands | Amazon | Nkev, thee, roj | |
Orinoco | |||
La Plata | |||
Lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub tshiab folding | roob | Andes | Sodium nitrate, iodine, phosphorus, sulfur, tooj liab, txhuas, hlau, tin, tungsten, molybdenum, uranium, polymetallic, nyiaj ores, kub, antimony, gems |
tsuas kev lag luam
Economic theem ntawm cov teb chaws nyob rau lub teb chaws nws txawv heev. yog cov feem ntau tsim Brazil, Argentina thiab Venezuela. Lawv mus rau lub tshiab khiv industrializing lub teb chaws. Lub qis tshaj theem ntawm kev loj hlob cai nyob rau hauv Fabkis Guiana, Bolivia, Ecuador, Suriname, Paraguay, Nkws yas teb. Lwm lub teb chaws yog nyob rau ntawm ib nrab theem.
Minerals ntawm South America thiab lawv cov khoom ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub kev tuav nyiaj txiaj ntawm ntau lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv Venezuela, lub tsuas kev lag luam tso nyiaj rau 16% ntawm lub teb chaws cov nyiaj khwv tau. No, raws li nyob rau hauv Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, ua roj, thee thiab cov nkev. Colombia yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tso ntawm precious pob zeb, nws yog txawm hu ua "kab tho lub teb chaws."
Hlau ores mined nyob rau hauv Chile, Suriname, Guyana thiab Brazil. Tooj ore nyob rau hauv Chile, roj nyob rau hauv Venezuela, tin nyob rau hauv Bolivia, yog ua ntawm qhov chaw, txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev pab tuaj rau cov export ntawm nyoos.
Rau kev noj tseem heev me me ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Lub ntsiab yog ib feem mus rau cov muag khoom. Exported roj, bauxite, tin, tungsten, antimony, molybdenum thiab lwm yam minerals nyob rau hauv South America.
xaus
Nyob rau lub teb chaws yog txawv nyob rau hauv keeb kwm mineral kev pab, ua tsaug rau nws cov tshwj xeeb geological qauv nyob rau hauv South America. Nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob thaj tsam ntawm lub mainland quav tsim igneous thiab metamorphic pob zeb. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, muaj twb tsim tus loj tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm cov mineral kev pab rau lub teb chaws, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm nws yog xim hlau thiab nonmetallic kev pab, sulfur, iodine thiab precious pob zeb.
Tus so ntawm lub teb chaws them toj siab nrog cov crystalline thiab sedimentary pob zeb. Lawv yog cov deposits ntawm bauxite, hlau ores, kub. Loj qhov chaw them lowlands thiab piedmont kev nyuaj siab. Muaj mas cov pob txha fuels (roj, roj, thee) tsim sediments.
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