Lub ntsiab ntsiab cai thiab tej kev cai rau usability

Yuav ua li cas yog lub ntsiab hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm usability? Nyob rau qhov no thiab ntau ntau lwm yam lus nug uas koj yuav nrhiav tau cov lus teb nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm. Principles "usability" yog hais txog cov pa txhab nyob rau hauv lub sis nrog cov qauv uas tau nkag mus hauv Nielsen Yakhauj (tus tsim "usability"). Cov views theej ib tug set ntawm cov kev cai, raws li kev cai thiab tsis nyuaj, yog li ntawd lawv hu ua "heuristics". Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj yog kaum tej hauv paus ntsiab.

visibility raws li txoj cai

Tus thawj ntsiab cai usability - lub visibility ntawm system raws li txoj cai. Qhov no txoj hauj lwm ntawd hais tias tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau paub tias qhov twg nws sawv thiab dab tsi twb yuav mus nyob rau. Yog hais tias nws yog ib tug complex sau npe, nws yog tsim nyog los taw tes kom paub tias qhov no yog qhov thib ob los yog thib peb kauj ruam.

cov hauj lwm zoo

Tus tom ntej hauv paus ntsiab lus usability - efficiency. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws txhais tau tias ntawm txhua tus neeg siv thiab cov system yuav tsum muaj ib kev twb kev txuas. Koj website yuav tsum tau teem nyob rau hauv ib lub neeg tuaj saib, koj yuav tsum mus nrog nws tham nyob rau hauv nws cov lus, siv nws theem ntawm kev cob qhia thiab designations. Yog li ntawd, lub Web site yog ib txwm ib tug yuav tsum tau tsim rau lawv cov neeg tuaj saib. Qhov no kev txhawj xeeb tsis tsuas cov qauv, tab sis kuj ntawv nyeem, tsim kev pab, cov pom tau qhov sib xaav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab thiaj li nyob.

free xaiv

Yuav ua li cas yog tus thib peb hauv paus ntsiab lus usability? Txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xaiv. Qhov no cov neeg siv kev tswj, uas yuav tsum tau hais tias tus neeg yog ib txwm muaj peev xwm tswj qhov teeb meem no. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug neeg nyob rau daim ntawv, nws yuav tsum yeej ib txwm saib "Clear daim ntawv" khawm. Thiab yog hais tias nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb kauj ruam? Tus neeg siv yuav tsum yeej ib txwm yuav tsum tau rov qab mus rau lub yav dhau los yam khoom los yog hla ib yam ntawm lawv mus rau tom qab rov hais dua cov kev txiav txim.

Vim li no cov teeb meem no, tus neeg siv kev yuav hais tias tag nrho cov nws tswj yog hais tias nws yog tsis ua yam los sis dag. Thiab lo qhia thaum xub thawj pom nrog rau txoj kev mus kom ze, lub interface yuav ntau. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug neeg yog yooj yim npaum li ua raws li ib ob peb yam yooj yim cov kauj ruam tshaj ib tug complex.

qauv

Qhov thib plaub hauv paus ntsiab lus usability - taub hau thiab cov qauv. Lub network twb muaj tej yam stereotypes (hu rau hauv lub Upper cai ces kaum, tus saib ntawm lub pob tawb, thiab thiaj li nyob). Txawm li cas los, ib tug hais txog hais tej zaum yuav muaj ob peb hom, yog li inexperienced neeg siv ntawm lawv tau yooj yim tau ploj. Piv txwv li, hauv baskets zoo tib yam lub tsheb, li ib txwm baskets, trendy sachets thiab lwm tus neeg. Thiab rau cov tsos ntawm cov theem zuj zus tsim nyog los xaiv tej yam style, uas yuav tsum muaj cai qhov txhia chaw. Qhov no siv rau cov layout thiab font, thiab cov ntawv nyeem, thiab cov duab.

kev ua yuam kev tiv thaiv

Lub tsib ntsiab cai usability - yuam kev tiv thaiv. Qhov no txoj cai hais tias cov kev ua yuam kev tsis tau los kho thiab tiv thaiv. Ib tug yuav tsum nco ntsoov tshem tawm cov random, ruaj ua thiab peb txog qhov twg ua tau, mus piv rau cov kev xaiv. Qhov no tej zaum yuav sim hawm caij nyoog ntawm kev keyboard cov tswv yim dab tsi.

Qhov no kuj siv rau cov nyees khawm. Piv txwv li, "Txais" ib qho kev yog feem ntau yog ua zog thiab loj tshaj qhov kev thov "Clear daim ntawv". Koj yuav tsum kiag koj rau saib cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntaub ntawv (area code thiab xov tooj hom ntawv, thiab thiaj li nyob).

simplification

Qhov thib rau hauv paus ntsiab lus yog cov kev cai ntawm "daim duab tawm yooj yim dua nco ntsoov." Piv tus neeg siv kev ua tau, nco ntsoov yav tas los nkag mus hauv lawv cov lus qhia (txawm nrog lawv yav tas los mus xyuas qhov chaw), ua rau lawv lub tswv yim. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv ib tug multi-step ntawv sau npe system, qhia tau hais tias ib tug neeg tau los rau hauv lub teb, yog hais tias lawv yog pab tau kom nws nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

yooj

Lub xya hauv paus ntsiab lus usability - yooj. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai no, cov interface yuav tsum tau saj zawg zog, nws yuav tsum muab kho rau lub Prevailing cov neeg tuaj saib. Ntawm no, cov yooj yim haum yog nyob rau simplicity, noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov nruab nrab neeg siv. Paub meej rau lub advanced yuav tsum tau me me. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv tsis tshua pom qhov chaw ntawm lub screen, xws li cov neeg yuav nrhiav tau lawv qhov txhia chaw.

tsim

Usability tsim hauv paus ntsiab lus yog lub yim nyob rau hauv ib tug uake. Nws cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub loog thiab minimalism. Raws li txoj cai no, cov interface yuav tsum tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas tus neeg siv tsis tau. Tsis yuav tsum muaj, thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob.

Ib yam li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau tsim cov ntaub ntawv: koj yuav tsis hais kom tus neeg siv rau cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tsis xav tau. Tu siab, qhov no txoj hauj lwm yog yuav luag tsis muaj ib tug siv nws. Yuav kom tsuas pab zoo siab lub npe hnub los yog xyoo tshiab, nrog cov neeg muas zaub nyob rau hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg thiab yuav tsum tau muab ib tug me nyuam yug los hnub tim thiab lub tsev xov tooj, mobile, e-mail thiab txawm nyob.

pab

Lub ntsiab ntsiab cai ntawm usability yuav tsum paub txhua leej txhua webmaster. Cuaj views ntawm lub scientific thiab applied qhuab qhia no yog los pab cov neeg siv nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab thiab kev kho kom raug. Tag nrho cov neeg yuav tsum tau qhia nyob ze misses li ib txwm, tus "tib neeg" hais lus, tsis computer. Yog hais tias wrongly tsim ib qhov txuas, tsis txhob yuav tsum tau sau ib 404 Qhia txoj kev: "Thaum koj nkag mus rau cov nplooj ntawv lub yuam kev tshwm sim." Thaum sau rau hauv daim ntawv, tus neeg siv tsis nco qab muaj xws li koj tus xov tooj thiab sau ntawv hais tias muaj yog ib qho yuam kev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nkag teb chaws, thiab tsis yog "kab ntawv no."

kev pab txhawb nqa

Yog vim li cas lub ntsiab hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm usability thiaj li tseem ceeb? Cia saib ib feem kaum kuj, uas yog hu ua tus "cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev pab." Ntaub ntawv thiab kev pab txhawb nqa yuav tsum yooj yim thiab meej, npaj meej muaj nyob, haum rau tus neeg siv lub hom phiaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tej. Nws yog tsim nyog los muaj tseeb kauj ruam. Yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yog ib yam nkaus thiab loj loj, koj muaj peev xwm ua ib tug luv luv navigation kom sai next los ntawm cov seem, raws li zoo raws li nrhiav kev pab txhawb nqa.

"Usability"

Yog li ntawd, peb ntsia qhov yooj yim hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm usability. Tab sis zoo li cas ntawm kev qhuab qhia? "Usability" yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm qhov zoo tshaj ntawm tus neeg siv kev, tau thaum lub sij hawm sib tham nrog cov system los yog cov khoom. Piv txwv li, tej zaum nws yuav ua tau ib tug software daim ntawv thov, lub website los yog lwm yam.

Tus neeg siv Interfase Engineering kws txawj txiav txim tias nyob rau hauv 60% tus neeg mob, cov neeg muaj peev xwm tsis nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv xav tau nyob rau hauv lub Web. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lawv tau txo productivity. Lawv tsis xav rov qab mus rau ntawm qhov chaw, vim hais tias cov neeg uas muaj rau nkim precious lub sij hawm.

Nws kuj paub tias Forrester tshawb fawb tau txais ib co nuj nqis uas qhia cov nyiaj ntawm puas tsuaj uas muaj emerged vim cov neeg pluag "usability" ntawm qhov chaw. Saw khw muag khoom noj poob txog 50% ntawm cov neeg muas zaub uas yuav nrhiav tsis tau tus yam khoom. Hais txog 40% ntawm cov neeg siv tsis xav rov qab mus rau ntawm qhov chaw, uas lawv tsis nyiam mus ua hauj lwm.

Jakob Nielsen cav tias txoj kev tshawb ntawm tib neeg tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv lub Web pom hais tias lawv paub qias neeg Web sites nrog complex tsim thiab qeeb qhov chaw. Nws hais tias cov neeg siv tsis xav tos. Lawv kuj tsis xav mus nrhiav kom paub yuav ua li cas siv lub tsev nplooj ntawv. Tsis pom qhov twg yog muaj cov tsis muaj cov lus qhia los yog kev cob qhia rau qhov chaw web tej yaam num. Yakhauj paub hais tias cov neeg xav tau ib tug ceev scan ntawm cov nplooj ntawv thiab instantly to taub lub functionality ntawm lub site.

creation

Yuav ua li cas yog txoj kev loj hlob usability? nws kuj yog lub methodological mus kom ze rau lub creation ntawm qhov chaw los yog lwm yam neeg siv interface. Qhov no txoj kev loj hlob muaj ob peb hom kev kawm uas yog siv sequentially nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem:

• uas yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke;
• lub creation thiab tsom xam ntawm prototypes;
• kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm tawm tsam tsim kev xaiv;
• txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov neeg siv 'cov lus nug;
• kev daws teeb meem thiab tsom xam ntawm lub site (los yog lwm yam interface).

kev soj ntsuam

Thiab dab tsi yog qhov kev kuaj usability? Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm no nuance yog tsis txhua leej txhua tus paub. Feem ntau, nws yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim "usability". Nyob rau hauv ib tug raug xeem, ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau ua ob peb paub tab nrog cov tsab (los yog lwm yam system). Thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam, lub observer cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi rau tus neeg siv hais tias zoo. Feem ntau, xws li ib tug xeem yog nqa tawm nrog ib tug los yog ob tug cov neeg ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj.

Analysis yuav tau sau ntaub ntawv xws li cov uas tsis tias cov neeg siv ua, ib theem zuj zus ntawm tib neeg kev ua mus cuag lub hom phiaj, lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw ntawm tshwm sim ntawm teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov neeg tuaj saib, yuav ua li cas cov neeg zoo li cov khoom, thiab lawv ceev ntawm tua ntawm kev pab raws qib. Feem ntau ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas uas siv los txheeb xyuas thiab daws tau tej teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv pej xeem.

kev qhuab qhia cov kauj ruam

Yuav ua li cas yog cov kauj ruam yog "usability"? Yuav kom npaj ib lub website koj yuav tsum xub to taub dab tsi koj tsim nws rau leej twg, vim li cas thiab thaum twg koj nyeem yuav mus xyuas koj qhov chaw. Yog hais tias koj teb cov lus nug no, ces coj mus rhaub lub hom phiaj ntawm koj qhov chaw. Tej yam lub hom phaj yog nyob rau ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib Web site thiab koj lub koom haum.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum txiav txim seb qhov chaw "usability" teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv raws li tag nrho cov hom phiaj ntawm koj qhov chaw yuav tsum tau npaum los siv, ib qho yooj yim kawm, yog lub teeb yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum koj mus ntsib. Thiab tseem yuav tau ua nws cov neeg siv txaus siab.

Txhua lub hom phiaj "usability" yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau feem coob ntawm cov Web sites, tab sis koj muaj peev xwm xaiv lwm tus thiab rau txawv audiences thiab teeb meem. Nws yog lub npe hu tias tus tsim yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum sau ntaub ntawv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lawv, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv raws li qhov uas lawv twb muaj lawm site raws li. Muaj ob peb txoj kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau, uas muaj xws li neeg rau zaub mov cav, tawm tswv yim ntaub ntawv, soj ntsuam cov "usability" ntawm cov uas twb site.

Yooj yim rau cov neeg mus nrog cov real piv txwv, dua li mus hais lus cam uas qhov zoo tshaj plaws yuav ua hauj lwm. Pab tau yuav tsum tau rau ntawm lub website ntawm lub chiv keeb, uas muaj ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus cov ntsiab lus thiab devoid ntawm graphics. Tej elementary tsab haum rau tus thawj tshau.

Cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tsuas yog ib qho uas yuav tsum tau cov neeg siv ntawm lub website. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib lub roob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, xaiv los ntawm lawv cov neeg uas yuav pab tau thiab txaus koj cov neeg tuaj saib. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau tawg mus rau hauv me me daim nrog subtitles, raws li cov neeg xav mus sai sai nyeem li cas nyiam lawv. Los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem uas koj xav kom tshem tau ruaj lus, siv lub rooj thiab cov npe.

Ntxiv mus, tus txheej txheem yog nqa tawm hauv internet - kuaj "usability", uas peb hais los saum no. Tej zaum koj yuav tsum interface, twb tsim nyob rau hauv raws li nrog tag nrho cov kev cai, xeem. Los ntawm txoj kev, ua kom pom tseeb pawg yog cov feem ntau pheej yig txoj kev uas yuav ntsuam xyuas "lawv tus kheej."

povntawv ntawm

Yog li ntawd, siv cov kev cai thiab usability hauv paus ntsiab lus, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib qho chaw uas yuav tsum tau zoo siab rau. Lub xub ntiag ntawm no zoo kawg li tus kwv yog ib tug zoo attribute uas yuav txiav txim raws li qhov uas tus neeg siv interface yog lub teeb rau siv. Lo lus "usability" kuj txhais tau tias ib tug sau ntawm txoj kev rau kev txhim kho cov qhov chaw nyob hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm nws cov creation.

Lub "usability" muaj tsib ntau yam:

• Miv nyuas siv zug: tom qab nyeem ntawv cov neeg siv uas tus tsim, yuav ua li cas sai sai lawv ua tib neeg ua hauj lwm?
• Muaj peev xwm mus kawm: yuav ua li cas yooj yim neeg yuav paub qhov yooj yim paub tab tus thawj lub sij hawm lawv siv ib tug txawv txawv interface?
• Uas tsis: Yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam uas tsis yog tus neeg raws li lawv cov loj, yog hais tias nws yuav yooj yim txhim kho lawv?
• Nco: yog hais tias tus neeg siv tau xa rov qab mus rau lub interface los ntawm ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, seb nws yuav tsum tau rov qab lawv cov kev txawj ntse mus ua hauj lwm nrog nws?
• Siab: raws li qhov uas tus neeg Library yuav siv no interface?

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau "usability", muaj yog tseem muaj ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb zoo tsim nta. Ib qhov tseem ceeb yog pab tau. Qhov no feature qhia txog cov functionality ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem thiab txiav txim seb cov qab hau ntawm ib tug interface neeg siv. "Usability" thiab practicality yog Attendance qho tseem ceeb: vim li cas siv lub yooj yim kev pab cuam yog hais tias nws muab tsis yog tshwm sim hais tias koj xav tau? Pluag thiab xav hais tias qhov kev pab cuam, uas hypothetically yog ua hauj lwm raws li koj xav, tab sis koj tsis nyiam nws nyuab interface. Koj siv tau cov tib cov cuab yeej rau lub tsom xam ntawm lub project usefulness raws li rau qhov zoo ntawm nws cov kev tshawb "usability".

Lub Web-e «usability» yog suav tias yog ib tug yuav tsum rau cov ciaj sia taus. Yog hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv yog tsis yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm nrog nws cov qhua sai sai tawm. Yog hais tias koj kom meej meej thiab precisely rau lub Web site home page tsis meej li cas rau lub tuam txhab, uas tso cai rau koj los mus qhia paub tab, cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau nrhiav lwm qhov chaw. Neeg kuj mus deb yog tias qhov chaw yog ruam tag, cov ntaub ntawv rau nws yog ib qho nyuaj to taub thiab tsis teb lawv cov lus tseem ceeb cov lus nug.

Muaj yog tsis muaj tej qhua uas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub website interface los yog siv lawv lub sij hawm ua tib zoo kawm rau kev khiav hauj lwm rau nws. Lub Web-e ntau lwm yam kev pab, yog li ntawd yog ib tug qhua tuaj nyob rau ib teeb meem, koj tsis tau nws.