Muaj ntau ntau ceg ntawm science, uas yog aimed ntawm txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ntau yam ntawm tib neeg lub neej thiab pab txhawb peb lub neej. Txhua yam ntawm lawv ua ib lub luag hauj lwm.
lus qhia dav dav
Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm kawm txiv neej yog ib tug kws nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov tau spheres. Qhov no lub xeev ntawm affairs yog due rau lub fact tias cov neeg muaj ib tug kuj me me ntawm kev txawj ntse, lub hauv paus uas nws twb tau mus tshawb rau lub neej. Tab sis txij thaum ntawd los, cov kev muaj ntau haiv neeg muaj ntau zog considerably. Muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau cov kev faib thiab sib cais system. Cov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev xav tau thiab kev kawm ntawm steel kev lag luam uas niaj hnub science. Lawv muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv txhua yam uas ib tug neeg muaj kom tau raws li, xws li los ntawm psychology thiab hais, thiab finishing khoom chaw thiab lub ntiaj teb no muaj dab. Lub tshwj xeeb ceg ntawm science cia feem ntau heev tshawb qhov tseeb thiab ua rau lawv raws li tseeb theoretical cov lus xaus. Thiab cov lus yog kev ncaj ncees rau tag nrho cov. Ntawm no, piv txwv li, ceg ntawm pedagogy txoj kev tshawb no cov ntaub ntawv thiab kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas feem ntau zoo los qhia ntawm ntau theem ntawm nws lub neej, txawm lub fact tias kev kawm yuav tsum yog ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias muaj tej yam thiab nuances yog npaj nyob rau kev thiab, cov tswv yim thiab theoretical, nqaim thiab sab cov hom phiaj. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov tsab xov xwm peb yuav kov on science nyob rau hauv dav dav thiab cov kev rau cov piv txwv ntawm ib co ntawm cov feem ntau ua piv txwv dluab ntawm kev ua si.
Hais txog cov lus qhia
Muaj ntau ntau yam ceg ntawm science. Peb tsab xov xwm kuaj cov feem ntau nrov destinations. Rau cov neeg muaj xws li tej yam ntuj tso thiab humanitarian chaw. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav muab faib ntxiv raws li:
- kawm ib puag ncig thiab tus neeg (Science News for KIDS, biology, lub cev, physics, thiab intertwining disciplines);
- comprehends kev sib nrauj ntawm lub sis thiab siv cov tau tau (mechanical, computer science, electronics, cybernetics, thiab cov zoo li);
- kawm kev ua pej xeem nyob hauv zej zog (kev cai lij choj, economics, keeb kwm, Sociology, psychology, thiab lwm yam uas muaj feem xyuam disciplines).
Txhua cov kev taw qhia yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev, thiab nyob rau hauv tej yam mob qhia txog tus zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev uas txiav txim. Peb tsis tau hais tias tej yam ceg ntawm science yog tsis tseem ceeb thiab yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej li. Qhov no xaus yog feem ntau ib tug tshwm sim ntawm paub unprofessional xov xwm. Ntawm no yog peb coj lub psychology ntawm lub masses. Leej twg zoo dua nws muaj peev xwm qhia: ib tug muaj kev vam meej kev politician (uas Shares nws kev txawj ntse nrog ib tug ob peb cov txiv neej) los yog lub tsev kawm ntawv cov neeg ua haujlwm kev puas siab ntsws? Tsis yog, cov rau tom kawg, ntawm chav kawm, kuj pom nuggets, tab sis yog zoo tshaj plaws kev txiav txim yog thawj thawj tus ua.
Ceg ntoo ntawm psychology
Raws li yav dhau los lus, qhov no yog cov zajlus kom continuation ntawm tsab xov xwm. Yog li ntawd faib general, kev sib raug zoo, hnub nyoog, kev kawm ntawv, noj qab haus huv, ua hauj lwm thiab differential psychology. Sib nrug ntawm no, muaj kuj yog psycholinguistics, psychometry thiab psychophysiology. Tag nrho cov lag luam los sib koom los ntawm ib tug - psyche. Qhov ntawd yog yuav ua li cas ntau yog hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm psychology. Qhov no yog vim li - tom qab tag nrho nws yog ib tug ntawm cov caj qaum thiab siv scientific disciplines. Muaj ntau cov kws txawj ntseeg tau hais tias nws cov neej yav tom ntej yog thaum lub kev tshuam ntawm kev kawm, uas tam sim no zoo li yuav kuj nyob deb. Yog hais tias nws yog ib qhov zoo paub qhov kev lag luam ntawm psychology thiab kawm kom to taub lawv, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej nws yuav siv tau nrog ib tug txiav txim kev pab rau lawv tus kheej los yog lawv lub hom phiaj. Tab sis qhov yooj yim cim yog tsis txaus - koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm thiab mus sib hais.
ceg keeb kwm
Lawv kawm thiab structuring ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub ntau yam ntawm tib neeg kev ua si. Ceg ntoo ntawm cov keeb kwm kev koom tes thiab kev khwv nyiaj txiag, thiab kev nom kev tswv, thiab kev sib raug zoo, thiab pej xeem thiab cov tub rog sib nrauj. Peb tseem yuav kawm txog yav dhau los ntawm lub xeev, kev cai lij choj, kev ntseeg, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb sib nrauj. Txawm kuv muaj ib tsev neeg keeb kwm science uas tseem ua hauj lwm nrog tus sau los ntawm txoj kev kawm ib yam dab tsi tshiab hais txog koj tsev neeg thiab cov pog koob yawg koob. Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav cov ntaub, qhov twg los tau cov lus qhia - nws tag nrho cov pleev xim rau thiab paub zoo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ntau ntau yam koom haum pab cov keeb kwm kev qhuab qhia. Chiv, nws yuav tsum tau hais kev nrhiav caj ceg. Qhov no science yog qhov tseeb hais tias kawm keeb kwm thiab kinship ntawm kev cov neeg thiab cov tsev neeg. Muaj kuj yog ib tug chronology. Nws yog kev kawm ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sib txawv daim ntawv qhia hnub thiab chronology system. Metrology yog nplooj siab mus rau siv nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm, kev ntsuas ntawm volume, qhov ntev, hnyav thiab cheeb tsam. Paleography tau kawm ancient cov tsiaj ntawv thiab phau tau txhais monuments ntawm yav dhau los lub sij hawm.
Nyob rau hauv txoj cai muab tso rau hauv ib lo lus
Ntsia tau rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm lub txheej txheem yog tsim nyog rau nws cov khov kho thiab ruaj khov loj hlob. Cov feem ntau zoo lub koom haum ntawm lub qhov teeb meem thiab nws cov kev siv nyob rau hauv kev xyaum pab mus rau kev cai lij choj ceg ntawm science. Lawv tau txais lawv lub npe raws li rau qhov chaw ntawm lub hwj. Yog li ntawd distinguished: tsab kevcai tswjfwm hauv, raug, civil, zog, criminal, ib puag ncig thiab tsev neeg txoj cai. Txhua yam ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj qha tej cheeb tsam thiab muaj ib tug kom meej meej tseg ciam teb. Piv txwv li, tej kev cai lij choj yuav tsis muaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tsev neeg teeb meem.
Ib tug me me digression
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ntau yam disciplines thiab sectors yog zoo interlinked. Yuav kom hais tias yog ib tug kiag li ywj siab ceg ntawm science, yog tau tsuas yog muaj tej yam reservations. Noj, piv txwv li, psychology, economics thiab ecology. Yog muaj ib tug kev sib raug zoo ntawm lawv? Xav txog ib tug me me piv txwv: Yog hais tias ib tug neeg muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj kev cai theem, nws yuav nqa tawm economic kev ua si yog tsis pom, vim hais tias ntawm yog dab tsi yog yuav mus raug kev txom nyem ib puag ncig thiab zuag qhia tag nrho ntawm lub neej mus rau deteriorate. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem on puas siab puas ntsws noj qab haus huv. Thiab, raws li ib tug zaum kawg tshwm sim - yog kev txom nyem cov kev cai theem, thiab lub voj voog yog restarted. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias twb tag nrho cov muaj lawv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cuag. Thiab tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi qhuab qhia no yog science. Ceg ntoo yog zoo txog. Raws li ib tug yooj yim to taub piv txwv, peb yuav nco qab tsab xov xwm hais thaum pib ntawm lub ancient kawm, uas yog tus neeg uas hnov txog tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm paub.
economic sectors
Lawv kawm ntau yam ntawm nyiaj txiag kev ua si. Cov muaj xws li: macroeconomics, microeconomics, keeb kwm ntawm nyiaj txiag kev xav, advertising, kev tswj, logistics thiab lwm yam ua hauj lwm zoo sib nrauj. Nyob rau ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhia tau hais tias cov kev sib raug zoo uas tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv disciplines. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm cov kev tswj nyob rau lub xeev ntawm cov nyiaj txiag sector thiab enterprise ntau ntau, thiab nyob rau ib lub teb chaws scale. Lub PatientsÕ, thawj thiab hais plaub ntug hwj chim nyob ntawm yuav ua li cas xis mus koom nyob rau hauv nyiaj txiag ua si. Thiab los ntawm txoj kev nplij siab lawv ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv lub luaj li cas thiab kev ua si (nyeem - mus kom cov neeg xav tau kev pab thiab lub xeev).
Hais txog Chemistry, Biology thiab Physics
Cov sciences yog sib xyaw thiab tsim ib tug complex ntawm ceg. Yog li ntawd, muaj biochemistry, biophysics thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam kev sib txuas, uas yog kawm tej qhov chaw. Cov tau ua thiab lub cev Science News for KIDS li ib tug ntxiv piv txwv. Nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias muaj yog ib tug ntau nqaim specialization. Heev dav, raws li ib qho piv txwv nyob qhov twg cov tshuaj physics yuav raug muab txo. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub complex, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm peb cov sciences, yog li ntawd ntau uas ib tug tseem ceeb npaum li cas ntawm lub sij hawm, uas, alas, peb tsis tas yuav mus piav qhia txog nws.
Nyob rau hauv kev sectors rau muab tso rau hauv ib lo lus
Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam niaj hnub civilization tsis muaj ntau yam mechanisms uas nqa tawm ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv peb lub neej. Lawv thiaj li mus rau hauv peb lub neej uas lawv tsis them sai sai. Ntawm no intertwined heev heev ceg ntawm science. Technology nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav to taub ntau yam sciences, kawm, tshwj tsis yog rau yav tas los hais physics, electronics, computer science, mechanics, thermodynamics, cybernetics, mechatronics, robotics, thiab lwm yam zoo xws disciplines. Qhov no yog vim li - tom qab tag nrho cov neeg muaj, thiab thiaj li ua hauj lwm yuav luag rau lub verge ntawm nws cov nta. Yog li ntawd, lub neej yav tom ntej yog dag tsim yaam tshab. Txawm li cas los, ntawm no yog cov feature - txoj kev kawm no cia li ib yam dab tsi ib tug tsis pub koj tsim complex designs. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub nyob rau hauv tsawg lub electronics, uas, raws li tej zaum koj yuav twv, yog ib tug hluavtaws kev qhuab qhia kom tsim txawm tias ib tug txheej thaum ub designs. Thiab yog hais tias peb xav txog lub creation ntawm ib tug neeg hlau? Oh, yog, peb yuav tsum tau ib tug tag nrho ntau yam ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm mechanics, mechatronics, robotics thiab electronics. Thiab hais tias yog cia rau yam tsawg kawg nkaus! Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug muaj siab los mus tsim ib tug ntau sophisticated neeg hlau uas yuav, piv txwv li, kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov hluav taws xob pab kiag li lawm, nws yog tsim nyog los txuas ntxiv thiab cybernetics, thiab ntau lwm yam. Txawm hais tias kev lag luam yuav tshwm sim nyias, tab sis lawv zoo daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev xyaum yog tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tej yam txoj kev sib txuas. Nws yuav tsum yeej ib txwm muab suav hais tias.
Thiab yog dab tsi tos peb nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej?
Ua forecasts - ib tug thankless ua hauj lwm. Tab sis cia tus xav txog tej yam uas ib tug science yuav sawv cev rau ib tiam. Chiv, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tus qauv, raws li uas muaj ib tug gradual nce nyob rau hauv lub ntsig txog kev kawm, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug hu rau nyob rau hauv ib tug kev thaj tsam ntawm ob los yog ntau tshaj txoj kev tshawb no qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no xyoo nce suab ntaub ntawv hais txog dab tsi rau yav tom ntej tuas ntawm cov kev tshuam ntawm science. Thiab nws tsis yog cia li lus, lawv yeej txaus siab los ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseeb. Noj, piv txwv li, tus uas twb muaj cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob kev pab ntawm cov lag luam thiab cov nyiaj ua se cov tub ceev xwm. Ntawm no koj yuav pom li cas ntse ua ke computer science thiab kev lag luam los ua tus loj tshaj cov nyhuv. Tam sim no xav txog tej yam uas ib yam dab tsi uas zoo sib xws yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm pej xeem cov thawj coj, thiab nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, thiab nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg kev ua si. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus xaus hais tias nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej science yuav coj heev heev cov kev pab cuam rau cov neeg uas yuav coj kom zoo dua ntawm nws ua tau ceev tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau them loj sai sai rau lawv kev txawj ntse loj hlob, yuav tsum tau cov thawj.
xaus
Ntsiab lus, peb yuav confidently hais tias txij li thaum lub sij hawm ancient science tau muaj peev xwm ho tsim. Ib tug txiv neej zoo li thaum ub philosophy, uas paub txhua yam, nws yog tam sim no yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua (tshwj tsis yog tias vim cybernetic system uploads cov ntaub ntawv thiab nws kev los ntawm ntau yam bioelectric cog). Yog li ntawd, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau cai hais tias, raws li muaj ntau thiab ntau ncauj lus kom ntxaws specialization (molecular biology uas) thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj ib tug txheej txheem zuj zus tus nqi ntawm cov kev txawj ntse (tib yam biochemistry). Nyob rau hauv hais tias nws yuav ua nyob rau hauv kawg - nws yog ib qhov nyuaj twv seb, peb thiaj tsuas saib thiab lawv tus kheej mus koom nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem no mus rau lub zoo tshaj plaws ntawm peb muaj peev xwm, nqa kom muaj kev thaj yeeb thiab ruaj ntseg neej yav tom ntej.