Lorenzo Bernini: biography, creativity

Nyob rau hauv nws cov uas duav txhua yam ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Lorenzo Bernini yog piv xwb los hais tias tej hauj lwm ntawm cov poj masters ntawm lub Renaissance nyob rau hauv ltalis. Nws yog, tom qab Michelangelo tus loj tshaj plaws vajtse thiab sculptor ntawm lub teb chaws, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug ntawm cov creators ntawm lub baroque - kawg nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm European kos duab tiag tiag "grand style".

Lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab thaum ntxov ua hauj lwm

Lorenzo Bernini yug nyob rau hauv Naples nyob rau hauv 1598. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm Pietro Bernini, tus naas ej sculptor. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 17th caug xyoo, Giovanni tsiv mus rau Rome nrog nws tus txiv. Txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, nws yog nrog lub "mus ib txhis nroog" txuas nws lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm. Muaj ntau tej hauj lwm tsim no Lorenzo Bernini. Duab ntawm ib co ntawm lawv uas hais hauv qab no.

Rau cov thawj paub tab ua hauj lwm ntawm Bernini muaj xws li cov nram qab no: lub sculptural pab pawg neeg "Pluto thiab Proserpina", "Aeneas thiab Anchises", "Apollo thiab Daphne", raws li zoo raws li ib tug marble pej thuam ntawm David. Xyoos ntawm lawv lub creation - 1619-1625. Bernini ua no ua hauj lwm commissioned los ntawm Cardinal Scipione Borghese, ib tug lover ntawm cov kawm Askiv. Nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Lorenzo muaj kev twb kev txuas nrog ancient thiab Renaissance plasticity. Thiab Apollo duab yuav tau pom raws li ib tug tib neeg txais los ntawm lub Hellenistic duab puab. Zuag qhia tag nrho, txawm li cas los, Bernini yuav luag tag reinterpreted lub classical kev lig kev cai. Nws contemporaries raug ntaus los ntawm cov kev xav ntawm cev nqaij daim tawv thiab txawv tshaj plaw illusion ntawm kev loj hlob xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv nws cov duab puab. Admired thiab breathtaking dynamism ntawm cov hauj lwm.

flowering ntawm creativity

Flowering ntawm creativity Bernini belongs rau lub patronage twb ntau dua, namely Cardinal Maffeo Barberini. Nws pib nyob rau hauv 1623 los ntawm Pope Huv VIII. Nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm Bernini, lub sij hawm no qhia tag nrho cov txee uas yog-Reformation tswv yim, sucked tag nrho cov European Baroque thiab, nyob rau hauv particular, Italian. Lawv medieval religiosity ciali mus rau rethink ib tug secular txoj kev. Los ntawm cov sab nraum, pomposity yog inseparable tseeb greatness. Bernini, pab los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, tsa zoo kawg li architectural lug. Nws tsim lub thaj muaj pes tsawg leeg chaw, monuments, sculptural portraits, gravestones (xws li lub npe hu ntxa Huv VIII).

Versatility Bernini lub txuj ci

Nyob rau hauv Bernini lub ntsej muag twb ua ke kes duab vajtse thiab sculptor; lub taub hau ntawm ib tug loj rhiav, uas nqa tawm ntau yam tej yaam num; theatrical designer, neeg pleev kob, artist thiab sau comedies thiab kos duab theorist. Nws muaj tswv yim, nws metaphorically piv nrog haib dav hlau ntawm chaw tsim lawv. Tab sis cov duab puab yog tseem lub ntsiab hom artistic chaw ua hauj lwm los ntawm Bernini. Qhov tseem ntsiab cai tseem ceeb ntawm lub Baroque style feem ntau siab embodied nyob rau hauv nws.

Bernini duab puab

Bernini duab puab combines sab ntsuj plig thiab lub sensual caij, ua yeeb yam thiab pathos ntawm "kev tsa nto" nrog puab greatness, mysticism nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws, tus caum qab ntawm resemblance mus rau qhov nrog lub neej impulse uas muab lub organic kev ncaj ncees ntawm yas cov ntaub ntawv. Yuav kom daws tau cov teeb meem txojkev lawv ntau haiv neeg paub tab zoo li Bernini Corporate lub ntuj thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom thiab kev paub qhia lo txhais tau tias ntawm cov duab puab. Nws ua rau marble qhuav, khoov thiab ntws zoo li ciab. Qhov no unyielding khoom nyob rau hauv nws ob txhais tes txig qhia kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov ntaub thiab lub rhiab ntawm tus tib neeg daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov uas nws kim heev kev siv ntawm lub teeb thiab cov xim los Lorenzo Bernini. Luv luv biography, hmoov tsis, tsis pub kom piav ntau zog ntxiv rau cov specifics ntawm nws sculptures. Thiab koj muaj peev xwm tham txog lawv rau ib ntev lub sij hawm ...

"Lub Department of St. Peter '

Nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Bernini painting nws yuav ib tug ntawm cov hom kev kawm ntawm cov duab puab, thiab lub xeem - ib feem ntawm lub architectural qauv. Nyob rau hauv lem, nws yog muaj mus rau hauv lub surrounding chaw, mus infinity. Picturesqueness grandiosity thiab baroque pom kev feem ntau xav qhia nyob rau hauv lub "Department of kev sib txuas lus. Peter" rau Roman ST. Peter. Xyoo ntawm nws cov creation - 1656-1665. Nyob rau ib tug loj heev plinth ntawm liab thiab daj jasper thiab dub-thiab-dawb marble sculptor hoisted 4 bronze saum cov "pawg ntseeg cov txiv" yog tham txog ntawm lawv tus kheej. Saum toj no rau lawv, ib tug bronze thiab lub zwm txwv "lub rooj zaum kev sib txuas lus. Peter". Huab yis txawm ntau dua, txav lub tuam txhab ntawm crowned golden rays ntawm bronze cov tubtxib saum ntuj. Thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub tawg ntawm qhov teeb meem, qhov chaw rau cov fais fab - ib tug tiag tiag lub teeb los ntawm round lub tsev teev ntuj qhov rais. Nws sau ua ke tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm nws cov tshuav nyiaj li cas.

"Ecstasy kev sib txuas lus. Teresa"

Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ua kev zoo siab ua hauj lwm ntawm Bernini duab puab yog hais txog coj tus nyob rau hauv loj thiab ntau npaum li cas yooj yim sculptural pab pawg neeg. Nws yog hu ua "ecstasy kev sib txuas lus. Teresa". Qhov no pab pawg neeg twb tsim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1645 mus 1647 rau lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov raug Maria della Vittoria, commissioned los ntawm Cardinal Karnaro. Lub sculptor portrayed lub mystical lub zeem muag ntawm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th Mev nun nrog tib tseeb uas nws twb hais txog nws nyob rau hauv nws cov tsiaj ntawv. Raws li yog hais tias los ua yeeb yam thawv, cov phab ntsa hauv lub niches ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm Bernini yog "saib" pej thuam cov neeg sawv cev Karnaro tsev neeg.

Cov tuav yog hais thiab kev sib txuas lus. Teresa, seized languor, thiab tus tubtxib saum ntuj flaming sub, thiab tshav ntuj, uas Bernini materialized nyob rau hauv golden rays, thiab ib tug huab uas cov nuj nqis yuj siab. Los ntawm ib tug puas siab puas ntsws sharpness thiab striking realism Lorenzo Bernini qhia hauv lub xeev ntawm kev cai dab qhuas ecstasy. Txawm li cas los, nws yog nrhiav cov kev xav ntawm unreality thiab weightlessness ntawm cov cim. Nws nkawd hais tias lub daim ntawm cov khaub ncaws khaws los ntawm ib tug cua hlob cua uas qhov chaw.

"Secular" sculptures los ntawm Bernini

Lorenzo Bernini, uas nws tej hauj lwm yog ntau haiv neeg, los yog ib tug "secular" sculptor. Nws yog tus sau ntawm heev heev portraits. Lawv kuj embodied lub tswvyim ntawm tus Baroque. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub portrait nyob rau hauv no style - ib tug paradoxical ua ke ntawm illusory plausibility qauv duab, snapshot, thiab ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm timeless greatness, nyob mus ib txhis, sawv qab lawv. Nws nkawd hais tias los ntawm Lorenzo Bernini tus cim nyob, hais lus, ua pa, gesticulate, thiab tej zaum "tawm" ntawm lawv ntas. Peb tsis pom ib tug bronze thiab marble, txhob lo lo ntxhuav thiab lawv cov tsho, lace jabot, daim ntaub tsho tiv no. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog tsa saum toj no lub neej txhua hnub, imbued nrog tshwj xeeb tsis zoo li neeg lub zog. Qhov no siv rau ntau yam hauj lwm, txawm xws intimate li Bernini bust lover Constance Buonarelli. Thiab qhov no tag nrho siv rau lub formal portraits, reminiscent ntawm lub solemn Ode. Qhov no, piv txwv li, lub portrait ntawm Louis XIV thiab cov Duke d'Este. Rau Louis, nws tau tsim tsis tau ib tug, tab sis ob tug poj hauj lwm. Qhov no yog, firstly, ib tug marble bust, raws li yog hais ya rau ib tug pedestal (pictured hauv qab no).

Thiab ob, nws nees pej thuam li nplaim taws tawg.

Architecture thiab chaw los ntawm Bernini

Lorenzo Bernini belongs rau lub ntsiab nqis nyob rau hauv lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua Baroque Rome. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug masterpiece ntawm architecture, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Sant'Andrea al Quirinale, lub colonnade ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Peter (pictured hauv qab no), nyob staircase "Scala Reggia" nyob rau hauv lub Vatican, raws li yog hais tias tus tswv thiav tag nrho cov architectural system.

Lub ntsiab hauj lwm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog tsis cia li mus tsim ib co neeg monuments, thiab npaj lub chaw ntawm lub nroog. Lorenzo Bernini xav nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txoj kev thiab squares. Nws siv ob qho tib si yas thiab architectural txhais tau tias kev qhia. Nto moo chaw ( "moor", "Barcaccia", "Plaub Hav dej" (pictured hauv qab no), "Triton" thiab "Trevi", ua tom qab kev tuag ntawm nws sau) - lub synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj mas siv. Nyob rau hauv lawv nrog tus loj tshaj quab yuam tau embodied lub neej-affirming thiab txawj tej yam ntuj tso thaum pib ntawm lub Baroque.

Bernini tuag thiab lub Transformation ntawm lub Baroque

Nyob rau hauv 1680 tuag Lorenzo Bernini. Biography (muaj tswv yim) yuav luag coincided nrog tus tswv chronology ntawm no style. Thaum lub lem ntawm lub 17th thiab 18th centuries. baroque haib zog muab qhov chaw tinsel gloss thiab nto rhetoric los yog hloov dua siab tshiab rococo, tsis dim mus hniav elegance.