Kws ntawv Mikhail Veller: biography, tus kheej lub neej, tsev neeg, thiab nthuav tseeb

Tam sim no Michael Weller yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tus naas ej TV sib cav tswv yim. Tej zaum nws yuav tsis txawm yuav muaj peev xwm tswj nws tus cwj pwm txawv. Tseem, nws yog feem ntau pom tias fashionable thiab iconic txawj sau ntawv. Nws ua hauj lwm tawm loj loj circulations. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws sau loj cov phau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas nws muaj ib tug mob siab nqhis dej rau taug txuj kev nyuaj. Ua tau, yog li nws ua tau nyob ... Biography M. I. Vellera yuav tsum tau hais kom tus nyeem ntawv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

Lub txwv zeej txwv koob cov txawj sau ntawv tau txais kev pab raws li Frederick lub Great

Biography Mihaila Vellera (uas yog haiv neeg - yuav sib tham txog tom qab) pib nyob rau hauv lub lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1948 nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Kamenetz-Podolsk, nyob rau hauv thaj Ukraine. Nws loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib tug Jewish tsev neeg ntawm cov kws kho mob. Chiv, leej txiv ntawm tus kws nyob hauv St. Petersburg, thiab nws paub hais tias ib qho ntawm nws pog koob yawg koob tau tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub banner Fridriha Velikogo. Tom qab tsev kawm ntawv, nws tus txiv kawm nyob rau hauv lub tub rog Medical Academy thiab tau txais ib daim ntawv kawm tiav, los ua ib tug tub rog kws kho mob. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau tsiv mus nyob ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw thiab hloov lub garrisons.

Niam neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv tau yug los nyob rau hauv Western Ukraine, qhov twg nws tsev neeg nyob rau hauv cov hnub. Nws yawg kuj yog ib tug kws kho mob. Niam taug kev nyob rau hauv lub footsteps ntawm nws yawg, thiab nws kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv Chernivtsi.

Tej pov thawj muab lub biography Vellera Mihaila. Nationality ntawm tus txiv neej provokes ntau sib cav tswv yim. Muaj coob tus ntseeg hais tias nws yog ib tug neeg Yudais. Tab sis leej twg yog xav paub ntau dua txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub biography ntawm Vellera Mihaila, haiv neeg nws ascribes nrog ib tug heev txawv - Lavxias teb sab. Ib tug meej lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no yog heev yooj yim.

Tus thawj poetic kev

Me Misha yog ob xyoos xwb thaum nws txiv twb pauv mus rau Trans-Baikal Territory. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tsev neeg mus nrog nws. By thiab loj, nws ua tau zoo Michael tsis yog ib tug lub tsev kawm ntawv vim hais tias ntawm cov kev pab cuam ntawm lub pope. Nws yuam kev nrog nws niam nws txiv nyob rau garrisons ntawm Siberia thiab Far East.

Nws loj hlob li ib tug qub Soviet me nyuam tub. Tus thawj ua hauj lwm, uas nws tau nws tus kheej nyeem, Gaidar yog "Malchish-Kibalchish". Tom qab ntawd tuaj lub lem ntawm Jules Verne thiab HG Wells. Ib me ntsis tom qab, nws pib nyeem cov phau ntawv, thiab Jack London.

Thaum Michael yog nyob rau hauv lub thib tsib qib, nws pom tau hais tias nws xav mus sau. Lub caij ntuj no so cov ntaub ntawv tus kws qhia ntawv hais kom ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm - rau sau ib zaj paj huam hais txog lub caij ntuj no. Raws li cov memoirs Weller, nws sau phem heev paj huam ua hauj lwm. Tab sis, raws li nws muab tawm, tom tsim yaam tshab twb txawm zuj zus. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais Misha twb paub li qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Raws li nws, qhov no tshwm sim tshwm sim rau nws los tshiab muaj tswv yim yaam puab paub.

Nyob rau hauv high school, Weller tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Mogilev, nyob rau hauv Belarus. Nws yog ces hais tias nws consciously pom tau hais tias yeej xav kom ua li cas.

Nws kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv nrog ib tug kub puav pheej nyob rau hauv 1964 thiab nkag mus hauv lub Philological kws qhia ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Leningrad.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv

Mus txog nyob rau hauv Leningrad, ib tug hluas Weller pib nyob rau hauv kuv yawg tsev neeg. Nws yog ib tug biologist thiab lub taub hau ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm ib qho ntawm lub tsev.

Lub tsev kawm ntawv Mikhail tam sim ntawd muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus menyuam kawm ntawv lub neej. Weller muaj koj lub peev xwm thiab koj lub koom haum zoo. Xijpeem, Nws yog tsis tsuas cov Komsomol, tab sis tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm lub Bureau ntawm Koom Haum Ntxhais Communist League nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntawm high school.

Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws yuav zoo nkauj ntev prouchitsya. Raws li nws, nws yog xav nyob rau hauv lub neej nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov ces. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tus menyuam kawm ntawv Weller uas nws cov kev tshawb fawb thiab mus nyob rau hauv pursuit ntawm taug txuj kev nyuaj.

nqhis dej rau taug txuj kev nyuaj

Lub neej Vellera Mihaila Iosifovicha yeej tsis tau boring thiab monotonous. Nyob rau hauv 1969 nws sib cav hais tias tau txais "luav" rau Kamchatka. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tsis muaj ib tug penny nyob rau hauv nws lub hnab tshos. Nws hla tus tag nrho lub teb chaws thiab, yog li, tus thawj koom ruam twb yeej lawm.

Cov nram qab no xyoo nws txiav txim siab los formalize ib sabbatical. Thaum ua li no, nws tau mus Central Asia, qhov twg yuam kev muaj kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Tom qab ntawd, tus tub hluas traveler tsiv mus rau Kaliningrad. Nws yog no hais tias nws twb tau mus ua kom tiav ib tug sab nraud sailors kawm. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws mus rau tus thawj hiav txwv voyage rau ib tug nuv ntses nkoj.

Lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv kom ntau shook lub Soviet Union thiab tau tshiab yaam puab paub. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1971, nws zoo tu qab tso rau cov kws qhia ntawm Philology. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, nws zaj dab neeg tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv phab ntsa xov xwm.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws ua hauj lwm ib tug Pioneer thiab ib tug senior nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm St. Petersburg lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Tsis ntev Weller tau ntse tswj los mus tiv thaiv nws thesis thiab los ua ib tug kev philologist, tawm rau cov tshiab adventures.

Qhov kev tshawb nws tus kheej

Tom qab high school Weller yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv cov tub rog. Txawm li cas los, nws tau txais kev pab tsuas yog rau lub hlis. Tom qab ntawd nws yog summarily.

Nyob rau "pej xeem", nws pib mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm tus nyob deb nroog cov tsev kawm ntawv. Nws tau qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv cov ntawv nyeem thiab Lavxias teb sab lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tus qhia ntawm cov pab pawg neeg Ncua hnub. Nyob rau hauv lub zos, nws ua hauj lwm ib xyoos, tom qab uas nws txiav txim siab los tso tseg.

Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv nws lub neej, nws tau hloov qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 30 professions. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm, ua vaj tse neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb capital. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nws tuaj rau lub Tersk ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Dawb Hiav txwv thiab lub Kola ceg av qab teb, nyob qhov twg nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug logger zoov thiab digger. Nyob rau hauv Mongolia, nws tau surpassed nyuj. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv nws memoirs, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv nws lub neej.

Pib ib txoj hauj lwm sau ntawv

Thaum Weller rov qab mus rau Leningrad, nws twb mus kiag li hloov mus rau ib zajlus hauj lwm. Raws li hais saum toj no, nws cov thawj zaj dabneeg nws luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug high school cov phab ntsa xov xwm. Thiab los ntawm ces rau tus xaum thiab phau los ua nws qhov khub.

Txawm li cas los, nws thaum ntxov tej hauj lwm raug muab tso tseg los ntawm tag nrho cov editorial chaw ua hauj lwm.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Weller koom nyob rau hauv ib tug seminar ntawm cov tub ntxhais St. Petersburg tseeb. Lawv cov thawj coj yog ib tug ci ntsa iab Boris Strugatsky. Michael sau tau ib zaj dabneeg luv luv, uas hu ua "khawm". Thiab qhov no ua hauj lwm yeej thawj nqi zog nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib txeeb.

Tu siab, Leningrad publishing tsev tsis tau them nyiaj mloog rau tus tub hluas no txawj sau ntawv yeej thiab txuas ntxiv mus las mees nws. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws twb deprived ntawm nws livelihood. Thiab xav tau kev pab coj nws rov qab mus rau ua lwm yam kev ua ub no. Yog li ntawd, nws tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau cov tub rog memoirs ib tug ntawm cov publishers. Nws kuj tau pib sau ib tug saib xyuas rau tus naas ej magazine "Neva".

Nyob rau hauv 1978, Weller muaj peev xwm mus post lawv luv luv humorous dab neeg nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm ntawv xov xwm Leningrad. Tab sis qhov teeb meem no tsis nplua nws ...

Nyob rau hauv Tallinn

Weller txiav txim siab los muab txhua yam - nws sab laug lub nroog, cov phooj ywg, nws tus hluas nkauj thiab tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws mus nyob hauv cov neeg txom nyem, thiab nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub vaj lug kub, tsis ua dab tsi. Nws yog nyob rau hauv Tallinn. Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev txiav txim yog tus tsuas yog ib - nws xav tso nws phau ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv 1979, nws pom ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm lub teb chaws ntawv. Ib xyoo tom qab, nws sab laug lub zoo ibyam ntawm newsmen nrog ib tug view mus koom lub "trade union pawg" nyob rau hauv lub Union ntawm Estonian Writers. Yog tias thaum nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv luam tawm phau ntawv Magazine xws li "Tallinn", "Ural" thiab "Literary Armenia". Thiab nyob rau hauv 1981 nws tau sau ib zaj dabneeg luv luv hu ua "siv kab". Nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm nws muaj peev xwm los npaj rau thawj lub sij hawm cov me nyuam yaus ntawm nws philosophy. Txawm li cas los, peb yuav rov qab mus rau qhov no ib me ntsis tom qab.

Tus thawj zoo

Nyob rau hauv 1983 nws pib lub tswv yim biography ntawm tus kws Mihaila Vellera. Cov phau ntawv "Kuv xav kom muaj ib tug neeg tu vajtse," yog nws thawj thawj ntawm cov ntau collections muaj hnub no. Nws yog ib tug sau ntawm zaj dabneeg luv luv. Cov ntawv ua nrov. Txoj cai rau cov phau ntawv muaj tau muag txawm Western publishers. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib xyoos tom qab ib tug sau ntawm Weller tau raug txhais ua ntau yam lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug xov tooj ntawm ib tug neeg cov dab neeg ntawm tus kws raug luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws xws li Fabkis, Poland, Bulgaria, Ltalis thiab Holland.

By lub sij hawm no, Boris Strugatsky thiab B. Okudzhava muab nws ua lawv cov tswv yim, yog li ntawd nws yuav tuaj koom nrog lub Union ntawm Soviet Writers. Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb ntxias kev soj ntsuam ntawm creativity Weller, nws twb tsis tau txais mus rau hauv lub koom haum. Nws los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub Union tsib xyoo tom qab ntawd. Qhov tam sim ntawd ua yog qhov kev tso tawm mus rau hauv kev ntawm lub thib ob phau ntawv ntawm tus kws. Nws twb hu ua "Tag nrho hais txog lub neej."

Tom qab hais tias, ib txoj hauj lwm sau ntawv Weller nrog heev kev ua si pib nce zog.

triumph

Nyob rau hauv 1988, Weller tau luam tawm tus tshiab "Tus testers kev zoo siab", ces - "Heartbreaker". By lub sij hawm no cov txawj sau ntawv mus rau hauv lub Department ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, Lavxias teb sab-lus tsab ntawm "zaj" nyob rau hauv Tallinn.

cov khoom ntawm "rendezvous nrog celebrity" tuaj tawm ob xyoos tom qab. Thiab cov khoom "Tab sis cov neeg shish" txawm cia feature films. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, nws nrhiav tau cov thawj nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, cov neeg Yudais kev cai magazine "lub moos Yelikhau". Ntawm chav kawm, nws los ua editor nyob rau hauv Hmoob.

Ib me ntsis tom qab nws pib qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab prose nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws ntawm Turin thiab Milan.

Tom qab no tau luam tawm tus tshiab hais txog cov adventures ntawm Major Zvyagin, uas tau ua heev nrov.

ib phau ntawv ntawm cov dabneeg luv luv nyob ob xyoos tom qab. Nws twb hu ua "Legends ntawm Nevsky Prospect." Phau Ntawv niaj hnub no thiab nyiam ib tug unprecedented thov.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab 90 lub kuj muaj ib tug tshiab ua hauj lwm. Peb yuav tau tham txog tus tshiab "Samovar". Tom qab ib tug ob peb xyoos, cov txawj sau ntawv ua ib qho chaw twg rau lub tebchaws United States. Nws hais lus rau cov txawj nyeem ntawv ntawm New York, Boston, Cleveland thiab Chicago.

Ib tug ntau ntawm kev ua hauj lwm "Tag nrho lub neej" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1998. Hais tias "energoevolyutsionizma" muaj Weller twb tham tsis tau txog nws lub hom phiaj.

Philosophical kev tshawb xav Weller

By thiab loj, tus txawj sau ntawv lub philosophical views twb nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Tab sis nws thiaj li nws muaj peev xwm mus generalize nws postulates rau hauv ib tug unified kev tshawb xav, uas nws hu ua "energoevolyutsionizmom".

Nws tso siab rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau philosophers. Tab sis feem ntau nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Schopenhauer, Herbert Spencer, W. Ostwald thiab L. Dawb.

Tsis yog txhua txhua muaj npaum li cas no tig nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim evolution Weller. Ib tug ntawm tus naas ej philosophers criticized nws rau amateurism nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm philosophy. Nws piav txog nws kev tshawb xav raws li "ib tug sib tov ntawm platitudes." Lwm tus xav tias qhov no ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, yog ib tug cov khoom muaj nqis trove ntawm thawj lub tswv yim thiab ib tug anthology ntawm worldly txawj ntse.

Txawm li cas los, ntau lub xyoo Weller ntse lecturing, cuag cov me nyuam yaus ntawm lawv energoevolyutsionizma. Yog li ntawd, cov menyuam kawm ntawv mloog nws nrog Library ntawm Moscow State University, Moscow State lub koom haum thiab lub University ntawm lub nroog Yeluxalees.

Thiab nyob rau hauv lub Greek capital nws txawm tuaj mus nrog ib daim ntawv qhia. Qhov no coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub International Philosophical lub rooj sab laj. Yog tias thaum nws ua hauj lwm twb muab tsub lub prestigious puav pheej.

politician

Txij li thaum 2011 cov txawj sau ntawv Michael Weller, uas nws ua hauj lwm yog hlub los ntawm ntau, tiag los ua xav nyob rau hauv nom tswv. Yog li ntawd, thaum ib lub sij hawm nws hu ua mus pov npav rau qhov Communist tog. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov Communist tog - lub teb chaws xwb lub koom haum uas hais txog ntawm lub oligarchs. Nco ntsoov pheej yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nws taw tes ntawm view. Lawv tau koom tes nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm TV sib cav tswv yim thiab kev nom kev tswv tham qhia. Txawm li cas los, tej zaum vim lub siab ntsws txawj sau ntawv thiab philosopher ntawm lub shooting twb nyob rau hauv scandal. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 2017 nyob rau hauv lub hauv internet channel TVC nws yog outraged accusations ntawm dag nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw nyob. Tom qab ntawd nws launched rau hauv ib lub iav tswv. Ib tug zoo xws li cov teeb meem tshwm sim ib lub hlis. Nyob rau hnub no, Weller yog nyob rau hauv lub "ncha ntawm Moscow" xov tooj cua chaw nres tsheb. Nws piav nws tus cwj pwm. Raws li nws, ua coj heev unprofessionally thiab cuam tshuam nws lossi.

Lub era ntawm lub tshiab Millennium

Nyob rau hauv lub 2000s, Weller tsoo nrog Tallinn thiab tsiv mus rau Lavxias teb sab capital.

Nyob rau hauv tib lub sij hawm nws luam tawm ib tug tshiab ua hauj lwm - "Lub Messenger ntawm Pisa."

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no ntawm 2008, lub Estonian tub ceev xwm tau muab rau nws qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Dawb Star.

Ib me ntsis tom qab rau hauv txee ntawm tej xibhwb muaj cov phau ntawv tshiab. Cov no yog cov "Legends ntawm lub Arbat" thiab "Hlub thiab mob siab rau".

Nyob rau hauv kev, Weller sau ze li ntawm 50 phau ntawv sau tej hauj lwm. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tau raug muab txhais ua ntau hom lus.

Raws li tus sau, nws yooj yim nyiaj hli - cov ntaub ntawv. Nws tseem republish, thiab royalties nws txoj sia nyob. Nws ntseeg hais tias nws tsis yog tsim nyog los sau ib tug ntau. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv theem.

Raws li rau nws tus kheej lub neej, Vellera Mihaila biography yog tsis tej uas muaj ntau cov lus tseeb. Tus kws sau ntawv tsis nyiam mus nyob rau hauv kev kawm. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nws yuav nyob rau hauv 1986. Nws xaiv yog ib tug kawm tiav ntawm lub journalism kws qhia ntawv ntawm Moscow State University Anna Agriomati. Ib xyoo tom qab, lub newlyweds yug tus ntxhais ntawm Val ...