Kev tiv thaiv cruisers "Svetlana": keeb kwm, cov duab

Lavxias teb sab Imperial Navy tsum yeej xwb hiav txwv qhov chaw rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Nws ships manifest lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua raws li ib tug siab tawv thiab muaj zog "cov txiv neej." Txoj hmoo ntawm txhua battleship, destroyer, cruiser yog sib txawv kiag li. Ib txhia tau txais kev pab rau ntau xyoo, lwm leej lwm tus tau destined rau nyob twj ywm rau ntawm daim ntawv. Lub cruiser "Svetlana" hom tsis tau mas pom tau hais. Yuav ua li cas yuav hais txog cov kev tiv thaiv cruisers ntawm lub 1 plaws.

Tus thawj "Svetlana"

Tus thawj nkoj ntawm lub tib lub npe nyob rau hauv 1896. Nws twb muaj kev tiv thaiv cruisers, uas yuav ua tau rau Fabkis av. Chiv nws cov ntsiab hauj lwm yog los pab txhawb cov imperial yacht Alexei Alexandrovich. Hais txog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib ntaus, tsis muaj ib tug yuav hais.

Ua ntej tsim ib lub sij hawm ntev yuav tsis txiav txim seb lub nkoj lub hom phiaj. Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau "Svetlana": kev tiv thaiv cruisers los yog hnyav battleship? Yuav ua li cas nws nqi, riam phom thiab phau ntawv? Tag nrho cov kev xav ntawd kub ntev li kom txog thaum xyoo 1894.

rau qhov ua rau

vim ib tug tshiab "warrior" tau pib no lub caij ntuj sov. Ib lub rooj zaum ntawm lub cruiser tiv thaiv ntau npe kawm ntawv. Qhov no Franco-Lavxias teb sab Hoobkas, ob peb tuam txhab uas muag los ntawm cov UK, lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis. Ntawm cov ntau yam kev xaiv rau ib tug tag nrho ntawm xya nws tau txais proposals uas qhov tshaj, yog cov Modernization ntawm ib qho ntawm lub cruisers hais.

Cov theem tom ntej muaj ib tug xaiv ntawm uas twb muaj lawm proposals. Thaum kawg, qhov kev xaiv tau ua nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muag ntawm Fabkis. Peb tes num nco ib tug ntawm cov Fabkis cruisers Friant. Tom qab lub nkoj mus los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nws yuav tsuas muab ib lub npe. "Svetlana", ib tug cruiser, 1896, mas yuav kis tau nws lub npe, ua tsaug rau Nicholas II ntawm, nyob rau hauv 1985.

Nrog rau daim ntawv nyob rau conveyor

Twb nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm 1895 tus cruiser "Svetlana" twb nrhiav tau officially. Ntau mechanisms, ua ke nrog lub tsev lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub Le Havre, boilers kuj tsim nyob rau hauv Belleville. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm coj qhov chaw ntawd sai sai tias nyob rau hauv tsawg tshaj li ib xyoo tom qab lub cruiser rau hauv cov dej. Cov nram qab no xyoo nws tau txiav txim siab mus nqa tawm kev ntsuam xyuas.

Lawm, cov thawj ntawm cov kws txiav txim plaub ua ib tug neeg Alexei Alexandrovich, uas twb nyob rau hauv 1897, caij "floating tsheb". Cov kauj ruam tom ntej ua raws li los ntawm ib tug txawv hom ntawm sib ntaus sib tua-kuaj kawm thiab artillery, thiab thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv 1898, "Svetlana" yuav tuaj mus rau hauv lub lag luam, thiab cov neeg pej xeem Duke coj nws flawlessly.

Tsos - tsis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws?

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tsos ntawm cov cruiser yog tsis devoid ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov Fabkis ships. Lub lawj yog ib nyuag sheer nyob rau hauv lub hneev, thiab npawv ram tsim, thiab yog xav ntawm lub siab tawv raj thiab lub mast.

Muab hais tias "Svetlana" yog kev tiv thaiv cruisers, nws tsis yog deprived siab booking nqi. Lub lawj muaj ib tug tuab ntawm 25 hli, nws slants ntau - 25 thiab 50 millimeters. Conning ntauwd securely tiv thaiv armored phab ntsa ntawm 100 hli thiab lub ru tsev 25 hli. Cannon kuj tiv thaiv lub hli 25 shields.

nta

Raws li peb tes num, tsuas yog 270 cov neeg yuav haum "Svetlana". Cruiser, zaj dab neeg ntawm creation uas tsis yog distinguished los ntawm dab tsi noteworthy, nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas tau qhia hais tias nws muaj peev xwm sau ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm 400. Txawm tias qhov no yog tsis txaus. Raws li lub taub hau ntawm lub Naval neeg ua hauj lwm, kev sib ntaus los neeg coob muaj tau lwm tus 73 sailors.

Nrog cov kev ceev thiab muaj ib co inaccuracies. By pib lub tswv yim, tsim cruiser ceev ntawm ntau tshaj 20 cov pob caus ntawd. Tib yam yog qhia thiab kev soj ntsuam. Tab sis, ces lub nkoj twb tsis siab loaded, yog li ntawd koj yuav xav txog qhov no daim duab tsis yog. Qhov no tsis sib xws yog tom qab qhia ib txoj kev kuaj uas yuav muaj "Svetlana" outfitted lub taub hau-on. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub hwj chim nuj nqis ntau zog rau yuav luag 9900 horsepower, "floating tsheb" tau xwb 19 pob caus ntawd.

Lwm feature yog lub thiaj li hu ua "filling". Cruiser "Svetlana" twb nruab nrog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib luxurious qhov, uas tau zoo khom tub huabtais Alexei. Muaj ib tug nkag nrog, txais tos lounge, chaw ua hauj lwm qhov chaw, chav pw thiab lwm chav. Qhov chaw dynamos yuav tsum tau txav mus deb ntawm qhov chaw uas tau so, lub qhov ntswg platform rau txo lub suab nrov theem.

Tsis nyob rau hauv muab kev pab thiab nyob rau hauv kev phooj ywg

Thaum pib ntawm nws cov lag luam ntawm lub nkoj yog ib yam ntawm cov teev uas attracted xim. Nws plied cov dej ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, tau mus xyuas Portugal, Kronstadt. Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua kuv mus rau hauv lub qhib ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm St. Catherine. Kom txog rau thaum 1903 nws tau txais kev pab raws li tus kheej yacht ntawm tub huabtais Alexei.

Thaum pib ntawm 1904 nws tau txiav txim siab los coj lub cruiser mus rau kev pab nyob rau hauv lub Pacific squadron. Nce neeg coob thiab xa mus rau lub Suez kwj dej. "Svetlana" yog nyob rau hauv noticeably slowed kev tshawb kawm detachment rau 18 cov pob caus ntawd. Shooting muaj tsuas yog kev kawm nyob rau hauv cov xwm.

neeg tuag taus sib ntaus

Xeem sib ntaus sib tua "Svetlana" yog tus sib ntaus sib tua May 15. Ua ntej ntawd, cov cruiser koom nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua, uas yog ntaus thiab muab qhab nias 350 tons ntawm cov dej. Qhov ntswg nws mus nyob rau hauv dej rau yuav luag ib nrab ntawm ib 'meter'. Raws li, qhov tus nqi poob mus rau 15 cov pob caus ntawd. Lub nkoj yuav tsis paub rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Nws yog qab lub "Aurora" thiab "Oleg", tab sis lig thaum hmo ntuj nws pom destroyer "ceev" thiab escorted rau.

Nyob rau ntawm tsib nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov tus thawj coj pom Dazhelet kob thiab xav mus rau txoj kev nws nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav daws tau qhov teeb meem, tso tawm cov dej thiab coj lub nkoj nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim. Thaum qhov kev nyab xeeb twb dhau los ntawm "Svetlana", tab sis tom qab lub nkoj twb pom ob Japanese cruisers thiab ncuab. Thaum cov tub ceev xwm pom tau hais tias nrog xws li ib tug uas tsis muaj nqi lawv tsis tawm, peb txiav txim siab los coj lub sib ntaus, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau tog lub nkoj.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, yog hais tias xws puas tsuaj tiv thaiv peb "Svetlana" yog tsis muaj peev xwm ciaj sia. Raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub 11 teev ntawm lub hnub cruiser dag nyob rau sab laug sab, thiab tau pib tog mus rau hauv qab. Japanese ships tshuav bronepalubnogo tuag tom hiav txwv, thaum lawv lawv tus kheej rushed rau lub "ceev" thiab lwm yam "cov neeg raug". Tseem muaj sia nyob tub ceev xwm thiab cov neeg tsav nkoj cawm nej dim cruiser "America maru".

Tshiab "Svetlana"

kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub tsev lag luam ntawm "Svetlana" lub teeb cruiser hom tau txais nyob rau hauv 1907. Qhov no kauj ruam yog tshwm sim los swb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab-Japanese kev tsov kev rog. Los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej lawv tsis tau tswj kom tiav nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej kiv puag ncig stalled ua hauj lwm rau ib tug series ntawm cruisers.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tag nrho cov xeeb lub hom phiaj yog DVR cruiser "Svetlana" nyob rau hauv 1913. Nws yog nws txo qis rau hauv cov dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug sib ntaus nws twb destined rau pib xwb nyob rau hauv 1928. Lub teeb cruiser "Svetlana" yog tom qab renamed thawj nyob rau hauv "Profintern", tom qab ntawd "Liab Crimea". Nyob rau hauv lub xeem lub npe nws twb muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II.

"Admiral Butakov" los ntawm tib lub series twb launched nyob rau hauv 1916, tab sis nws yeej tsis tau destined rau tuaj mus rau hauv lub lag luam. Qhov seem ob cruiser "Admiral Greig" thiab "Admiral Spiridonov" nyob rau hauv 1926 tau rebuilt nyob rau hauv tankers. Tus thawj poob nyob rau hauv Tuapse vim hais tias ntawm lub cua daj cua dub thiab lub thib ob tuag sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv lub Azov hiav txwv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog.