Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej (Kaluga) qhov chaw nyob, lub sij hawm ntawm lub lag luam. Kaluga: attractions

Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej (Kaluga) muaj ib tug nplua nuj sau ntawm yuav teev cia, ntau yam uas hnub rau lub xyoo pua 17th. Tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov khoom rau ib ntev lub sij hawm twb dhau rau 100 txhiab khoom. Nyob rau hauv nws cov pib lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau sau kaum ceg thiab qhov kev txiav txim txais nyob rau hauv 2016 tau tsiv mus rau tus txheej xwm ntawm lub teb chaws As Mes Tsev khaws puav pheej.

Lub hiob tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub zos dab neeg

Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej (Kaluga) yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv 1897. Yuav kom position nws coj ib tug ntawm cov hiob vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub nroog - lub tsev, uas ib zaug tau koom mus rau ib tug neeg ua lag luam Korobov (17th century). Tus thawj sau muaj tsib qhov rais, qhov uas lawv tau tshaaj archaeological finds, ancient npib, tej khoom ntawm lub neej txhua hnub ntawm lub sij hawm ploj mus los ntawm. Cov tsev khaws puav pheej yog qhib tsuas yog ob zaug ib lub lim tiam, lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib rau hauv lub xyoo yog heev me me - tsuas yog 500 cov neeg.

Los ntawm 1904, lub zos keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej (Kaluga) khaws cia rau hauv cov nyiaj ntawm txog 1,000 cov khoom, uas muaj cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm A. S. Pushkina, N. V. Gogolya cwj mem thiab nyob rau hauv 1915 tus sau twb 1200 units.

Tom qab 1918 lub tsev twb hloov mus rau hauv "Provincial tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm." Lub tsev, uas tam sim no vaj tse cov Regional Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kaluga, nyiaj thiab exposition tsiv nyob rau hauv 1922. Tus thawj ceg tau merged nyob rau hauv 1924, qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsiv "mus rau ib tug zoo ua," Art. Qhov kawg nyob rau hauv 1925, muaj raws ntawm ob peb departments tuaj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Glavnauka.

Main replenishment tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub 30s, thaum lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm zos Keeb kwm (Kaluga) los ua Iwj vaj tse abolished lub koom txoos thiab hauv lub nationalized Estates. By 1939, tus sau muaj 10,000 yam khoom.

Los ntawm ua tsov ua rog rau tam sim no hnub

Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog tsev cia puav pheej halls tsis tau ua haujlwm tag nrho 10 lub hlis nyob rau hauv lub so ntawm lub exhibition twb qhib rau cov pej xeem. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj hauj lwm, rau 78 hnub, lub tsev cia puav pheej kaw. Keeb kwm cuab yeej cuab tam yuav tsis tau evacuated, thiab rau ib lub xyoo (1942-43). Cov neeg ua hauj lwm tau suav raws li ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Lub sij hawm daim ntawv hais tias 10% twb looted tsev cia puav pheej collections muaj feem xyuam rau lub sij hawm ntawm 18th-xyoo pua classicism.

Nyob rau hauv 1944 lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsiv mus rau tus txheej xwm ntawm lub regional, los ntawm 1945 nyiaj muaj 7712 daim, ntawm uas 2143 units tau qhib rau pej xeem saib. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, cov neeg ua haujlwm sau lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv thiab puas ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub 50 - 60s ntawm ob peb pej xeem puas nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Tom qab, rau ntawm lawv los ua ceg thiab nkag mus hauv lub zos keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej (Kaluga). Niaj hnub no, cov tsev kawm ntawv zoo siab txais tos qhua nyob rau hauv 10 ceg.

Manor complex

Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej (Kaluga) tau muaj ntau tshaj li 100 xyoo, tag nrho cov sij hawm no, cov nyiaj sau yog tas li tshiab thiab tam sim no muaj ntau tshaj li 100 txhiab cim teev. Nyob rau hauv 1982, lub architecture ntawm lub qub manor, uas yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej thiab ib tug sau ntawm qhov tseem ceeb mas yuav kis tau ib tug hluas lub suab, tsaug rau lub tswv yim ntawm combining lawv, ua los ntawm Leningrad nyuab thiab kws tshawb fawb.

Qhov tseem tseem ceeb tso rau ntawm lub rooj sib tham yog ib qho architectural complex, ua nyob rau hauv 1808, qhov chaw uas lub keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej (Kaluga) yog tam sim no. Keeb kwm ntawm lub ntsiab lub tsev qhia hais tias muaj ib zaug nws tau hu ua lub palace, thiab nws yog tus richest manor nyob rau hauv lub nroog. Lub facade yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog siab reliefs ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Greek epic, grand nkag dai kom zoo nkauj nrog txhua thiab ib koov tracery wrought-hlau laj kab, ua ke nrog loj heev rooj vag. Nyob rau hauv lub puab yog ib feem ntawm lub vaj yog tus pem hauv ntej tis, chav tsev los rau cov coaches, kaw lub chaw them gallery, teem rau ib tug dawb pob zeb terrace, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog Tuscan txhua.

Hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej exhibition

Lub interiors ntawm lub palace twb renowned thoob plaws Kaluga, ua hauj lwm rau lawv tua saib xyuas los ntawm Italian kes duab vajtse S. Campioni. Nyob rau hauv pem teb ua ntej, qhov twg yav tas los tsis muaj tsev nyob thaj chaw rau coj mus muag hom phiaj, tam sim no tshaaj ntaub ntawv department ntawm qhov.

On thib ob pem teb, nyob rau hauv lub kaum ib halls, kis tau tshaj ib tug exposition nplooj siab mus rau keeb kwm ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Tus thawj sawv tau sau nrog archaeological finds uas qhia ib theem siab ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ancient haiv neeg. Cov nram no yog yam khoom hauv tsev, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, costumes merchant Rusich. Lub sij hawm ntawm Peter kuv qhia cov tsos ntawm cov thawj muaj ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub halls ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshaaj lub moos, pub los Empress Catherine II nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus governorship nyob rau hauv Kaluga.

Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom sau nyob rau hauv lub halls nplooj siab mus rau lub ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 thiab lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub keeb kwm cov txheej xwm, tus sau muaj cov kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm lub classical ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, xyuas Kaluga, ntawm no muaj teev koom N. V. Gogolyu, F. M. Dostoevskomu, A. P. Chehovu, thiab lwm yam neeg sau ntawv.

ceg

Regional Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Kaluga ceg caw koj mus xyuas:

• Nameless qhov siab. Lub exposition yog nplooj siab mus rau lub liberation ntawm lub Kuibyshev koog tsev kawm ntawv thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, thaum ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov txiv neej uas muaj 18 cov neeg, twb tau mus ntes ib tug tseem ceeb qhov siab ntawm 224,1. Lub npe ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej muab lub song V. E. Basnera "lub nameless heights", nplooj siab mus rau lub heroism ntawm cov tub rog-Siberians.
• Borovsk. Cov ceg yog nyob rau hauv lub ancient nroog ntawm Borovsk thiab qhia nws cov keeb kwm. Sections ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog mob siab rau mus rau lub lag luam, ib tug Laus Believer sawv, paub meej zaj dab neeg ntawm ob tug monasteries - Pokrovsky thiab Pafnutev- Borowski. Subject ntawm lub exhibition muaj tawg tsam ntawm ancient frescoes thiab architectural ib feem ntawm lub Nativity Cathedral thiab lub monasteries, ceramics, bricks xuas tes ua xyoo pua 16th. Ib tug loj sau los ntawm archival duab qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm lub excavations ntawm lub qhov ntxa uas boyar Morozova. Pib ua khoom ntawm lub neej txhua hnub ntawm tub txawj tub ntse thiab bourgeois tsev neeg.
• Zaitseva Gora. Lub exposition yog nplooj siab mus rau lub keeb kwm ntev ntawm sib ntaus sib tua lub Soviet pab tub rog tiv thaiv cov German invaders rau lub Warsaw txoj kev loj thiab cov tswv yim heights scrapped German kuj, yog ib tus uas yog "Zaitseva Gora".
• Ilyinsky frontiers. Memorial siab mus rau lub heroism Ilyinskikh menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm cov tub rog lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tsis pub dhau 12 hnub, lawv tuav tawm lub invaders nres rau ntawm Moscow.
• Kozelsk. Lub exhibition qhia lub keeb kwm ntawm ib tug ntawm cov hiob lub zos nyob rau hauv lub Kaluga cheeb tsam, nws cov keeb kwm hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 12th. Cov tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv ib tug qub tsev loj Tsyplakovovyh tub txawj tub ntse. Nyob rau hauv lub halls ntawm archaeological finds, lub keeb kwm ntawm ancient khoom. ob thematic exhibition "Ntxwg Nyoog lub pov toj" kuj tseem tau nthuav (9-10 hnub nyoog) thiab "Vyatichesky funerary complex ntawm 12-13 caug xyoo." Ib tug central qhov chaw occupies sib ntaus sib tua canvas nplooj siab Kozelsk sib ntaus sib tua.
• Mosalsk. Tsev khaws puav pheej rau siab ua lub keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog, sib tham nyob rau hauv cov seem rau ntawm ntug ntawm qhov, keeb kwm, ethnography thiab cov txheej xwm ntau lub xyoo. Zoo txaus siab nrog cov neeg tuaj saib yog lub reconstruction ntawm ib tug neeg pluag lub tsev pheeb suab nyob rau hauv pre-revolutionary Russia.
• Manor Park "ntaub pua txaj Hoobkas". Cov hluas txheej merged ob Estates teej tug mus rau Goncharov thiab Shchepochkina. Ib tug feature ntawm lub qub txeeg qub tes yog nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm linen thiab daim ntawv factories. Muaj tsev cia puav pheej-tse Goncharov, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm txoj kev Hloov Hlo, chaw ua si thiab hothouse ceg, nkuaj nyug nees thiab lwm yam historic architectural chaw.
• Tarussky tsev cia puav pheej. Tus thawj mention ntawm lub nroog belongs rau lub annals Tarussa 1246. Nyob rau hauv lub halls ntawm lub nroog museum pib ethnographic teev, txawj yam, nyias muaj nyias ib feem ntawm txoj kev muag zaub rau rau siab ua lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws K. G. Paustovskogo.
• Tarussky Tsev khaws puav pheej Tsvetaevs. Nyob rau hauv lub halls ntawm lub exposition hais txog lub neej, ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug Marina Tsvetaeva.

excursions

Nyob rau hauv 2016 lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsiv mus rau ib tug tshiab raws li txoj cai thiab yog tam sim no hu ua "Kaluga Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve." Thaum lub caij, muaj cov kev ntawm sab hauv reorganization thiab npaj kev pab cuam tshiab. Tab sis cov kev ua ntawm lub zos keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej yuav tsis tau tu ncua, thiab cov neeg tuaj xyuas raug caw mus ncig xyuas:

• Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Kaluga cheeb tsam. Substantively nais maum kuaj thiab muab teev kom lub sij hawm ntawm nyiaj txiag txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub cheeb tsam los ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, npaum li cas mloog yog mob siab rau mus rau lub tsev ntawm lub nroog, kev loj hlob, cov ntaub ntawv, kos duab.
• Xwm ntawm lub Kaluga cheeb tsam. Raug cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws geological, thaj nta ntug hais fossil prehistoric lifeforms pom thaum lub sij hawm lub excavation los yog siv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb. Feem ntau ntawm cov exhibition yog tus muaj thiab fauna ntawm lub cheeb tsam sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub teev los ntawm lub ancient lub sij hawm mus rau lub tam sim no.
• Kab txawv tej tsiaj txhu. Qhov ncig saib qhia cov neeg tuaj saib rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm fauna los ntawm ib ncig lub ntiaj teb no (South America, Asia, Africa, thiab lwm yam), Ib tug ntau ntawm cov teev qhia lub neej ntawm lub underwater ntiaj teb no, sawv cev los ntawm lub fauna ntawm central Russia.
• Nyob rau hauv lub banner ntawm cov soviets. Excursion hais txog lub tsev lag luam ntawm Soviet lub hwj chim, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub cheeb tsam kom txog rau thaum 1941, considers txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg, raws li ib tug rog xav txog ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub Civil rog, tus tsov Stakhanovite zog, tsuj. Exhibition chaw, uas yog mob siab rau mus rau lub thematic ncig saib yog recreated chav kawm interiors, ib tug communal chav tsev.
• Kaluga Thaj av thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Thematic excursions yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub nrog nplooj siab mus rau lub 65th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm yeej nyob rau hauv kev tsov rog. Cov teev uas hais nyob rau hauv sib lawv liag, qhia hauv cov chav kawm ntawm cov txheej xwm, nws perpetuates lub npe ntawm cov pej xeem - active koom nyob rau hauv hostilities thiab rear neeg ua hauj lwm. Lub hauv paus qhov chaw yog muab rau tus diorama "Tus tso tawm ntawm Kaluga".

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ib tug nplua nuj sau tuaj txoos ua ke uas muab ib tug ntau yam ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd rau tours. Yog li, cov kev txaus siab yog tshwm sim los ntawm dab neeg hais txog lub Decembrists, lub keeb kwm ntawm iav thiab earthenware, tus txheej xwm ntawm lub ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812, thiab ntau npaum li cas.

yuav pab tau ntaub ntawv

Cov phooj ywg zoo siab tos txais qhua Kaluga Regional Tsev khaws puav pheej (hom kev lag luam - 9:30 - 17:30, nyiaj ntsuab finishes ntawm 17:00 nyiaj so koobtsheej daim pib). Hom kev lag luam Saturday: 11:00 - 19:00. Tus so hnub yog hnub Monday. Daim pib nqi pib ntawm 100 rubles.

Txo cov nqi tau muab rau cov tub ntxhais kawm, pensioners thiab menyuam kawm ntawv. Dawb nkag yog muaj nyob rau tag nrho cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm puas, raws li zoo raws li tej yam pawg ntawm cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis tu ncua, koj yuav tau mus rau lub teb chaws Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej (Kaluga). Chaw nyob: Pushkin txoj kev, lub tsev 4.

attractions Kaluga

Ntau yam keeb kwm cov txheej xwm, monuments, kev lis kev cai cov chaw yuav thov tus neeg mus ncig tebchaws nroog ntawm Kaluga. Attractions nyob rau hauv xws tooj uas hais tias tau lawv yuav tsis tau nyob rau hauv ib hnub. Lub sab saum toj kaum iconic qhov chaw yeej muaj nqis mus ntsib ib tug muaj xws li:

• St. George Cathedral ua nyob rau hauv 1701.
• Tuam tsev ntawm lub cev hloov hlo rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, yog situated nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub fortress.
• Optina (70 km ntawm Kaluga). Raws li kev lig kev cai, lub monastery yog founded los ntawm cov uas hloov siab lees tub sab Optoy nyob rau hauv lub lig 19th caug xyoo. Lub complex muaj ib tug miraculous caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub thib ob dawb ceev caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm tus dej Zhizdra.
• State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Cosmonautics Tsiolkovsky. Nws muaj Russia lub loj tshaj plaws exhibition devoted mus rau qhov chaw tshawb kawm. Cov nyiaj tuas txog 600,000 cov khoom ntawm kev nkag tau - 400 txhiab units.
• Chamber Korobov tub txawj tub ntse. Nws yog ib qho architectural monument ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab architecture ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th.
• Pob zeb choj linking Berezuevskogo ntug ntawm lub kwj. Lub Viaduct twb ua nyob rau hauv 1785 thiab yog Russia tus loj tshaj plaws pob zeb qauv ntawm nws hom. Qhov ntev yog 160 meters thiab dav ntawm 20 meters. Qhov nruab nrab feem - ob theem nrog arches.
• Hotel Loog Laus Trading Square. Lub tsev thiab lub cheeb tsam yuav mus rau lub 18th caug xyoo, lub siv yog chiv los ntawm tus tub txawj tub ntse nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qub kwj. Txum Tim Rov Qab nqa tawm nyob rau hauv 2015.
• Pearl Kaluga - Finca Zolotarev, qhov twg lub zos keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob.
• Khoom siv tes ua tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture thiab lub neej. Nws muaj ib tug uas nws kim heev exhibition ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj folk crafts, loj tib av nplaum khoom ua si. Ib co ntawm cov teev hnub rov qab mus rau lub 17-18th centuries.
• Nikola-slothful, lub zos nyob rau hauv lub tiaj ua si ntawm lub teb chaws tseem ceeb "Ugra", qhov twg txhua xyoo art Success "Archstoyanie". Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm nyuab thiab architects tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb puab ua los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog ua li khiav ri thoob plaws hauv lub zeem cia.

Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ua tiav daim ntawv teev cov dab tsi yuav qhuas cov qhua mus rau lub nroog ntawm Kaluga. Landmarks nyob rau hauv lub nroog thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb. Cim Shamordino Convent yog nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Shamordino. Central Kazan Cathedral yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog 15 ncaws, cov kev tshuaj yog hais txog mus rau lub qub Lavxias teb sab style, intricately muaj kev cuam tshuam cov epic kev lig kev cai. Sawv scrutiny manor Vorobyov, ib tug monument rau lub sysadmin, lub tsev masters, thiab tshaj.