Icons ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb. Icon "Tenderness" ntawm Blessed nkauj xwb. Miracle-ua haujlwm icons

Cov duab ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov Khixatia. Tab sis lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hlub nws nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XII ib lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab yog tsim los - kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb. Lub cim nrog nws cov duab los ua lub hauv paus ntawm ntau pawg ntseeg. Feem ntau cov nkauj dawb huv tau suav tias yog tus patroness thiab tus tivthaiv ntawm Russia. Novgorod icon ntawm nkauj xwb "Hlub" yog ib daim qauv ntawm Byzantine duab sau kawg ntawm lub xyoo no.

Nyob rau hauv XIV xyoo pua, Moscow thaum kawg ua qhov chaw ntawm Orthodoxy nyob rau hauv Russia, thiab Assumption Cathedral ntawm lub sij hawm no yog hu ua "Lub tsev ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb."

Lub hauv paus pib ntawm kev thaij duab

Thawj cov dluab ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv historians xa mus rau qhov pib ntawm peb cov era. Nyob rau hauv lub catacombs ntawm Priscilla, thaj av nrog cov dluab ntawm tus nkauj xwb, yos rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua thib 2, tau pom. Cov koob hmoov ntawm Blessed nkauj thaum kaj ntug ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv tau ua ntawv thov rau cov hlab ntsha. Xws li ampoules, decorated nrog biblical compound, tau pub nyob rau hauv txog 600 mus rau poj huab tais ntawm lub Lombards Theodelinde.

Thawj qhov tawm ntawm tus nkauj nyab feem ntau

Nyob rau hauv 431, lub Council of Ephesus tau pom zoo rau Maria txoj cai nyob mus ib txhis uas hu ua Theotokos. Tom qab qhov kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb no, Icons ntawm Niam Leej Txiv tau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv uas tau paub. Ob peb cov duab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau dim. Rau lawv, lub Virgin Mary feem ntau tshwm zaum ntawm lub zwm txwv nrog tus mos ab nyob rau hauv nws caj npab.

Cov duab ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv kuj pom nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov mosaics uas adorn lub qub tuam tsev. Rau li ntawd nws yog tau nqa:

• Roman lub tsev teev ntuj uas raug Maggiore (keeb kwm rov qab mus rau V tiam plaub);

• Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm xyoo 7th Panagia Angeloktista, nyob rau hauv Cyprus.

Tab sis cov neeg ua yeeb ntawm Constantinople tau muab daim duab no ua ib qho kev sib haum xeeb tshwj xeeb. Lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Sophia yog nto moo rau nws cov mosaics ntawm 9th-12th centuries, nyob rau hauv uas txawv hom ntawm iconography ntawm Virgin Mary. Byzantium - lub birthplace ntawm cov dluab zoo nkauj ntawm Blessed nkauj xwb. Ib qho ntawm cov cim no tau coj tuaj rau Russia. Tom qab ntawd nws tau hu ua Vladimirskaya thiab tau los ua tus qauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox iconography. Novgorod icon ntawm nkauj xwb "Hlub" yog, raws li twb tau hais, ib daim qauv ntawm Byzantine duab.

Hom kev ua nkauj tshoob

Nyob rau hauv lub iconography muaj plaub pawg ntawm cov dluab ntawm Blessed nkauj xwb raws li lub tswv yim tseem ceeb:

• "Kos npe" (lub truncated version hu ua "Oranta"). Hom kev kos duab no yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv theological ntsiab lus. Lub niam tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntsiab lus yog qhov kev tuag.

• "Hodegetria", uas txhais ua lus Greek "Phau Ntawv Qhia".

• "Tenderness" yog lub npe ntawm Greek "eleus" ("merciful").

• Qhov thib plaub hom yog tus hu ua Akathist. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov cim zoo li no yog lub koob meej ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Cov duab no yog ntau ntau.

Iconographic hom "Kos npe"

Nyob rau qhov kev tawm ntawm pawg neeg no tus Vaj Ntxwv Niam Leej Txiv yog cov uas thov los ntawm kev thov Vajtswv. Nws yog xwm raws li tag nrho-ntev lossis duav-sib sib zog nqus. Nyob rau ntawm lub mis ntawm leej niam ntawm Tswv Yexus yog ib lub kib nrog rau cov duab ntawm lub hauv plab tus Cawm Seej. Icon ntawm ib tug thov Vajtswv nkauj xwb symbolizes lub Virgin yug ntawm Tswv Yexus, cov kev sib sau ntawm tus niam thiab tus ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Child. Qhov no muaj xws li cov Yaroslavl Oranta, Kursk Root, lub Novgorod "Kos Npe". Oranta yog ib qho yooj yim version ntawm cov cim uas tus ntxhais nkauj xwb tau sawv cev tsis muaj menyuam thiab yog lub cim ntawm pawg ntseeg.

Iconography "Hodegetria"

Ib hom heev ntawm cov nkauj xwb. Xws li cov cim ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb thiab tus me nyuam embody lub tswv yim hais tias Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv coj peb mus rau kev ntseeg, rau tus Khetos. Tus ntxhais nkauj no tau nthuav tawm lub xub pwg nyom ntawm lub xub pwg nyom lossis lub duav tob tob, qee zaum puv nkaus. Ntawm ib sab tes, nws tuav tus menyuam, thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus rau Yexus. Qhov taw qhia no muaj lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: Leej niam ntawm Vajtswv zoo li qhia txoj kev tseeb - rau Vajtswv, rau kev ntseeg.

Tswv Yexus nrog ib txhais tes foom koob hmoov rau Niam, thiab nrog nws thiab txhua tus ntseeg. Nyob rau lwm qhov, nws tuav ib phau ntawv, uas tsis tau nthuav tawm los yog khawb. Tsawg dua - lub hwj chim thiab lub scepter. Qhov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb yog: Smolensk, Iverskaya, Tikhvinskaya, Petrovskaya, Kazan.

Iconography ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb "Tenderness"

Cov duab zoo li no yog qhov tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg uas sau txog Leej Niam Vajtswv thiab tus me nyuam puag nws ntawm lub caj dab. Cov duab ntawm niam thiab tus me nyuam yog cov cim ntawm Khetos thiab lub Koom Txoos ntawm Khetos.

Ib tug variation ntawm no hom yog "Attraction". Nov tus me nyuam tau sau rau hauv lub thawv dawb, nrog ib txhais tes nws nphav lub ntsej muag ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb.

Nyob rau hauv cov duab li no, feem ntau Maivliag yog lub cim tsis yog ntawm niam tsev, tab sis ntawm ib tug ntsuj plig nyob ze rau Vajtswv. Kev sib kov ntawm ob sab yog Khetos thiab Khetos lub Koom Txoos, kev sib sau ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab saum ntuj ceeb tsheej.

Muaj lwm hom ntawm hom no - "Muaj Tsiaj". Ntawm cov cim no tus Theotokos yuav pub mis rau tus menyuam mos. Yog li ua piv txwv txog kev ntseeg ntawm sab ntsuj plig.

Volokolamskaya, Vladimir, Yaroslavl icons ntawm nkauj xwb belongs rau hom no ntawm cov duab dawb huv.

"Akathist" cov cim ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb

Cov duab no feem ntau nqa cov nta ntawm ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab, tab sis lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxiv thiab cov ntsiab lus. Rau lawv nyob rau hauv iconography muaj xws li icons li "Hlawv Bush", Peb Lady - "Lub neej-muab qhov chaw", Peb Lady - "Roob Nerukosechnaya."

Ostrubramskaya-Vilna, "Softening of Evil Hearts" - tsawg icons ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj, uas nws yog xwm li tsis muaj tus me nyuam. Feem ntau lawv kuj raug xa mus rau "Akathist". Ib tug ntawm lawv, Serafimo-Diveevskaya icon "Tenderness" ntawm Blessed Virgin Mary, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Seraphim ntawm Sarov, uas raug suav tom qab kev tuag mus rau qib nyob rau hauv Saints. Tus pov thawj nws tus kheej hu nws "Kev Xyiv Fab Los ntawm Txhua Yam Ntxim Hlub" thiab siv los kho cov neeg uas tuaj cuag nws los pab. Thiab tom qab ntawd, ua ntej lub ntsej muag, nws tau ncaim mus rau lwm lub ntiaj teb.

Lub canons ntawm lub iconography ntawm Our Lady, lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov cim

Raws li Orthodox kev lig kev cai, lub ntsiab siv rau kev kos cov khaub ncaws ntawm nkauj xwb yog xiav tunic, xiav hau thiab Cherry boards ntawm lub taub hau, tsis li hu ua "maforium". Txhua txhua yam muaj nws lub ntsiab lus. Peb cov hnub qub kub ntawm lub maforium - ib cim cim ntawm Immaculate Conception, yug me nyuam thiab kev tuag, lub npoo rau nws - yog kev kos npe ntawm kev qhuas. Cov laug cam lawv tus kheej sawv cev rau kev ua niam ua txiv, vaj tswv, xiav xim ntawm cov khaub ncaws - virginity.

Muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua txhaum kev cai. Qhov no yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam icon los qhia txog cov nta. Piv txwv li, kom hais meej txog kev coj dawb huv, Virgin Mother of God, qhia nws nyob hauv lub rooj tsav xiav. Peb cov pojniam ntawm Akhtyrskaya yog qhov kev xaiv xwb.

Kev sau ntawm Blessed nkauj xwb tsis muaj maforia kuj pom tias yog ua txhaum ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj canons.

Raws li Orthodox cov cai, txawm tias muaj crown, ib qho kev kos npe rau ntawm lub nceeg vaj, nws yog kev cai coj los tshaj tawm lub rooj tsav xwm tshaj rau saum toj. Li ntawd, icons yog pleev xim rau Novodvorskaya, Kholmovskaya. Lub crown nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm Theotokos tuaj mus rau lub Eastern Christian iconography ntawm Western Europe, nyob rau thaum ntxov dluab lub taub hau ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv twb them tsuas yog maforium.

Lavxias teb sab kab lig kev cai nyob hauv lub cim duab ntawm Niam Txiv Vajtswv

Cov duab ntawm Blessed nkauj xwb nyob rau lub zwm txwv pom ntau ntau ntawm Italo-Greek dluab. Kev sau ntawv ntawm tus poj huab tais Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej, zaum saum lub zwm txwv los yog tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob, nyob rau hauv Russia tau siv cov txheej txheem loj: hauv frescoes los yog iconostases.

Icon painters muaj ntau fond ntawm lub plab los yog dignified duab ntawm poj huab tais lub ceeb tsheej. Yog li ntawd lawv tsim tau ntau yam kom nkag siab thiab nyob ze rau ntawm lub siab. Nyob rau ntau qhov ntawm no tau piav qhia los ntawm lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cim nyob rau hauv Russia: nws kuj yog ib tug khub ntawm lub neej, thiab ib lub thaj neeb, thiab txoj kev thov Vajtswv, thiab tsev neeg muaj nqi dhau ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam. Nws tsis yog rau qhov tsis muaj dab tsi uas yog leej niam ntawm Vajtswv tau pom los ua ib tug kws tshaj lij uas nws muaj peev xwm muag muag ntawm qhov Txiav Txim Plaub Ntoo. Thiab cov laus dua cov duab thiab cov "namolenney", ntau zog nws muaj.

Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm icons nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm cov neeg ntseeg thiab pawg ntseeg - ib tug txawv feature ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws. Ntau cov dluab ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv yog suav hais tias yog txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm no, uas yog kev pom zoo los ntawm ntau cov lus tseeb.

Peb tus poj niam yog ib tug neeg tim khawv thiab tus neeg koom hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab

Ntau centuries nrog cov keeb kwm ntawm Russia nrog lub icon ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb, nws qhov tseem ceeb tsis tau overestimated. Ib qho piv txwv me yog lub cim ntawm Theodore:

• Nyob rau hauv 1239, ua li no, Thawj Tub Rog Nkos Nkoslav tau foom koob hmoov rau nws tus tub Alexander rau kev sib yuav nrog poj huab tais Paraskeva. Daim duab no nrog Alexander nyob hauv nws cov phiaj xwm kev ua tub rog. Tom qab ntawd, ua ntej lub ntsej muag ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv, Saint Alexander coj cov lus zoo nkauj.

• Nyob rau hauv 1613, ua ntej cov duab no, Mikhail Romanov, tau tuaj rau lub nceeg vaj los ntawm Zemsky Sobor, txais lub Lavxias teb sab vaj ntxwv. Feodorovskaya Bogoroditsa pom tias vows ntawm loyalty rau Russia, nws cov neeg thiab lub Koom Txoos Orthodox.

• Nyob rau hauv XVIII caug xyoo, tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm cov noob nom noob tswv tsev yeej tuaj rau Kostroma mus hneev rau cov miraculous exodus, los ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm lub vaj ntxwv dynasty ntawm Romanovs pib.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws yog tsim nyog los hais txog Vladimir Icon ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv, qhia rau Russia los ntawm Patriarch ntawm Constantinople Lukas Chrysosterg nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th. Raws li kev lig kev cai, kev thov Vajtswv ua ntej cov duab no tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm Moscow los ntawm kev sib tw.

Miraculous hwj chim ntawm lub tsho dawb huv

Ntau cov dluab ntawm Blessed nkauj xwb Maivliag yog suav tias yog kev ua tau zoo. Lawv koom ua ke ntawm cov ntseeg. Lawv nyob nrog cov neeg thiab pab kev tu siab.

Ib co Moscow miraculous icons ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb:

1. Vladimirskaya, khaws cia rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Nicholas. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias nws defended Russia peb lub sij hawm los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Yog li ntawd, lub Orthodox hwm no icon 3 zaug hauv ib lub xyoo: nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, Lub Xya hli ntuj thiab lub Cuaj Hli.

2. Tikhvin icon "Tenderness" ntawm Blessed Virgin Mary, dai kom zoo nkauj lub tsev teev ntuj hauv lub nroog Moscow. Hauv xyoo 1941, lub davhlau ya davhlau peb zaug dhau lub peev, tom qab uas Nazis nres ntawm lub nroog raug nres. Nws xav paub hais tias pawg ntseeg no tsis kaw thaum lub sijhawm qub qub lawm.

3. Icon ntawm nkauj xwb "Merciful", lub thaj ntawm lub Conception ntawm Convent ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv, uas tau muab ntau tus poj niam zoo siab ntawm motherhood.

"Kev Tuag Ntawm Cov Tuag", Iberian niam ntawm Vaj tswv, "Kuv tu siab hnav" - tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov duab Miraculous Moscow ntawm poj huab tais Saum Ntuj. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom suav txawm ntau npaum li cas lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub loj heev ib ncig ntawm Russia.

Miracles ntawm lub Kazan Icon ntawm Leej Niam

Cov duab no tsim nyog rau kev tshwj xeeb. Lub Kav icon ntawm nkauj xwb yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb los ntawm nws cov tsos hauv 1579 tom qab lub qhov hluav taws kub loj hauv lub nroog, thaum nws pom ntawm cov tshauv kiag li tsis muaj hluav taws kub.

Kev kho mob zoo heev ntawm cov neeg muaj mob, kev pab hauv tej xwm txheej no tau hais txog cov neeg ntseeg no. Tab sis qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub cim no txuas nrog Lavxias teb sab ntseeg nrog kev tiv thaiv ntawm fatherland los ntawm txawv teb chaws invaders.

Twb tau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua XVII Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich kom mus nrhiav kom tau nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm nws teb chaws nyiaj so koobtsheej. Nws tshwm sim tom qab lub hnub yug tau zoo ntawm tus txais txiaj ntsig rau lub rooj noj mov Lavxias thaum lub caij ntuj qhua kev ua haujlwm rau hauv Honorary Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Daim ntawv no tau suav hais tias yog tus patroness ntawm lub vaj ntxwv dynasty.

Tus coj Kutuzov, mus rau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv kev ua rog ntawm Kev Ua Kev Nyuaj Siab ntawm xyoo 1812, txhos caug ua ntej lub thaj neeb thiab nug nws rau kev sib tham. Tom qab kov yeej Napoleon, nws tau nthuav tawm rau ntawm Kazan lub rooj muag khoom tag nrho cov nyiaj tseg ntawm Fabkis.

Myrrh-streaming thov cov dluab ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv

Qhov no yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim nrog cov cim. Nws yog tseem tsis tau pom ib tug piav qhia yog vim li cas streaming haus icons. Tiam sis qhov no tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov li kev nco txog tib neeg kev txhaum thiab kev hloov siab lees txim. Qhov no tshwm sim yog dab tsi? Nyob rau ntawm cov dluab tshwm ib cov tshuaj tsw qab, zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Zoo sib xws thiab xim ntawm nws tuaj yeem sib txawv - los ntawm cov pob lwg los mus rau ib qho tsaus ntuj nti. Nws yog xav tsis tsuas yog cov dluab sau rau ntawm tsob ntoo yog myrrh. Qhov no tshwm sim nrog frescoes, duab, hlau cim thiab txawm nrog photocopies.

Thiab tam sim no tej txuj ci tseem ceeb tshwm sim. Ob peb lub hlis Tiraspol icons pib yaj rau hauv lub sij hawm txij xyoo 2004 txog 2008. Nws yog tus Tswv cov lus ceeb toom txog cov txheej xwm ntshav ntawm Beslan, Georgia, Orange Revolution hauv Ukraine.

Ib qho ntawm cov dluab, lub cim ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv "Xya Caum" (lwm lub npe - "Softening lub siab lub siab lub ntsws"), pib yaj hauv May 1998. Qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb mus txog hnub no.

Ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsev - Dawb Huv Niam Vajtswv

Lub icon ntawm tus Theotokos yog tas hauv lub tsev ntawm lub believer, uas zov txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws lub tsev.

Nws ntseeg tias kev thov Vajtswv ua ntej nws lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub tsev hauv lub cev thiab sab ntsuj plig. Txij thaum lub sij hawm ancient, nws tau ua raws li kev cai kom tso ib lub cim ntawm tus nkauj xwb hla qhov rooj nkag thiab nug nws txog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev txhawb nqa. Qhov feem ntau tus hlub Bogorodichnye lus: Iverskaya, Semistrella, "Lub ntim khoom ntiag tug", "Burning Bush" thiab lwm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj ntau tshaj li 860 lub npe ntawm lub cim ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Nco ntsoov lawv tag nrho yog tsis yooj yim sua, thiab nws tsis tsim nyog. Xaiv tus ntawv thov Vajtswv, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tau mloog koj tus ntsuj plig thiab ua raws li nws lub tswv yim.

Tsis yog cov neeg ntseeg xwb, tab sis cov neeg tseem ceeb revered icons ntawm nkauj xwb. Ib tug duab yees nyob rau hauv lub chav pw ntawm Tsar Alexander tshaj tawm no.

Icons ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb nrog tus me nyuam muab kev nplij siab hauv kev nyuaj siab, kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob, kev xav ntawm sab ntsuj plig tsuas yog rau cov uas thov Vajtswv ua ncaj ncees, thiab txoj kev ntseeg tsis muaj zog. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov kev thov kom Blessed Virgin yuav tsum yog los ntawm lub siab dawb huv, thiab qhov kev xav yuav tsum ua siab zoo.

Glorification ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv

Lub ntiaj teb kev hlub ntawm lub Orthodox rau cov duab dawb huv no tau txais los ntawm ntau lub tsev teev ntuj hnub so hauv nws txoj kev hwm. Yuav luag txhua lub hlis ntawm lub xyoo muaj xws li ib hnub, thiab qee zaum ib txhia. Txog 260 miraculous Bogorodichnyh dluab yog hais nyob rau hauv lub Russian Orthodox daim ntawv qhia hnub.

Ib qho tseem ceeb hnub so Orthodox - kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb - los ua lub ntsiab ntawm cov cim ntawm tib lub npe. Ntawm cov lus ntuas no Blessed Virgin yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob. Nyob ntawm nws, nws tuav ib daim ntaub thaiv nrog los sis tsis muaj cov duab ntawm Khetos. Founded nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub Port Arthur icon "Lub Triumph ntawm feem ntau tus dawb huv Theotokos" ua ib lub cim ntawm lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm Russia lub sab ntsuj plig thiab ceeb toom ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no duab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws. Nws yog nce reckoned ntawm feem ntau honored Lavxias teb sab icons.