Hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau nrog nws ob txhais tes: ib tug tswv hauv chav kawm ntawv

Hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm hlau kev qhia los ntawm lub ancient masters. Chiv, Laus Lavxias teb sab smiths forged ornaments, saw armor, riam phom, thiab cov kaum ob puas xyoo dhau los cov qauv kev kos duab. Nws yog ua tau mus piv rau tus tsim txoj kev ntawm ib tug nyias, tiaj hlau, raws li zoo raws li txo nqi rau cov khoom uas ua rau nws ua. Lub sij hawm dhau hlau saw mail, tab sis tus tswv tseem amaze hlau cov khoom: cov plaub hau ornaments, qhwv ntsej, bracelets, ib ncig, pendants, souvenirs, trinkets, tua yam khoom.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau beginners masters

Txawm tias hlau khoom thiab yog los ntawm ancient sij hawm nyob rau hauv txawv haiv neeg, tab sis tsis yog lub npe ntawm craftsmen dim. Hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau hlau qhwv, raws li ib yam tshiab ntawm needlework, ua keeb kwm nrog lub npe ntawm Aleksandra Koldera (Calder). Nyiam knitted hlau hniav nyiaj hniav kub, souvenirs los ntawm nws thaum yau, thaum nws tus muam nws ua tsej, bracelets, thiab cov niam txiv nyob rau ntawm Christmas muab dag tsiaj.

Tag nrho cov kev ua ub mob siab rau qhov siv thiab ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov khoom ua si, sculptures. Nws tsis tshua muaj brazing hlau qhov chaw, feem ntau siv txoj kev overcasting. Qhov no txoj kev tso cai rau koj los mus tsim decorations txawm novice masters. Yuav kom koj khiav lag luam siv ntau hom hlau (dag, nyiaj, tooj liab, npib tsib xee, titanium, txhuas, zinc).

Tuab hlau yog siv rau puag khoom, raws li nws tuas nws zoo thiab zoo hniav nyiaj hniav kub braid hlau. Lub netting yuav ntxiv ntau lub pob zeb, hlaws dai, Bugle. Thaum cov hlau yog lub qhov txhab xov, ces nws yog ib yam ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua, hu ua ganutell.

Yuav ua li cas koj xav tau?

Feem ntau novice tswv ua hlau cov khoom nyob rau hauv mixed hom kev kawm, ua ntawv thov cov kev txawj ntse ntawm tej chaw raws li hlau qhwv, ganutell, beading, quilling, Izon. Ua ntej, ib tug kos duab yog twv tau, thiab ces rhuav rau hauv nyias muaj nyias ib lub ntsiab, cov qauv thiab ces hais kom cov tswv yim los tsim khoom. Yuav ua li cas ib tug beginner yuav tsum tau vayervorkeru (thiaj li hu ua masters ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm hlau qhwv):

• lub cuab tam,
• tag nrho cov hom ntawm hlau,
• hniav hlaws dai, hlaws dai, lub pob zeb.

Tom hlab hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau pliers, pav ca-ntswg ciaj uas ntse ntse-nosed, nkhaus, ib nylon "ntsis" hlau cutters, koob ntaub ntawv (muaj nyob rau hauv thawj lub sij hawm los hloov ntwav txhuam ntoo), lub thaiv (flaheyzen) shperaka, rauj, vigdzhika, Yog Nqus boards, beams.

Yog hais tias koj ua hauj lwm nrog tooj liab hlau, nws yog ua tau rau khoov tus ntiv tes, los pab nrog ciaj los yog lwm yam nyuaj khoom. Yuav kom tsim ib tug qauv ntawm cov tuab khoom los yog ib tug ntau cov qauv yuav tsum tau vigdzhik thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Tus thawj lub cuab tam zoo li ib tug board uas muaj ntau ntau qhov thiab pegs. Teem koj pegs nyob rau hauv txoj cai kev txiav txim thiab lawv viav vias cov hlau, tsim ib qho txawv txawv. Riegel (hlau lub khob hliav qab nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 9-40 hli) uas yuav tsum tau rau kev tsim bracelets, ib ncig, chains. Thaum xub thawj, cov txuas qhov chaw yuav ua Round.

Yuav kom hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm hlau, tau nrog nws tus kheej txhais tes, zoo li lub khw yuav, yuav sulfuric siab. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas patir tooj liab, bronze, silver, tooj dag hlau cov khoom rau muab teeb ntawm antiquity.

Basic ntsiab: ib tus pin thiab ib tug kauv

Ping yog ib tug hlau nrog ib tug ntsis, ib yam dab tsi uas zoo sib xws rau ib rab koob rau stabbing. Kom nws, Round pinched hlau, departing ntawm ib-feem-peb ntawm lub ntug (raws li sab laug, yuav muaj ib lub cheeb ringlet). Cov hlau yog rotated los ntawm 90 degrees. Thiab pib winding ib nrab nyiaj pliers, txoj kev ua ib lub nplhaib. Ces, ib zaug nyob ze ntawm lub qab ntug ntawm hlau nibble, raws li los ntawm txoj kev ntawm ib tug nplhaib ciaj.

Muab Kauv yog yooj yim voj voog nrog lub nplhaib. Qhov no txawv yog zoo meej rau cov uas ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm hlau thiab cov hlaws dai. Round hlau pinches lub ntsis, ua ib tug ceev voj voog ib ncig lub ntsis. Ntxiv nip ntawm lub nibs tau nplhaib thiab meej poob lub helix. Ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm koj lem nyob rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus qauv. Nyob rau hauv lub kawg theem pinches Round hlau los ntawm lub helix tau, thiab cov dawb kawg ntawm cov hlau mus ua ib lub nplhaib raws li nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua pins. Tshaj khoom tom ncais.

Main hais: caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ib ncig, cov hlaws dai

Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog siv los ntxias hlau. Nyob rau ntsia liaj qhov rooj nruj nreem poob lub hlau ntawm kev kawm ntev. Nws yuav siv tau los tsim ib co neeg khoom, los yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug pin, tsim ib tug peb-dimensional edging, los yog braided pins mus ua ib tug txawv txawv saw rau cov txiv neej.

Rings yog siv raws li txuas hais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias tus weaves ornaments ua los ntawm hlaws thiab hlau. Cov hlau yog lub qhov txhab nyob rau hauv lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj (los ntawm nws cov thickness nyob rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub rings) ib tug tuab twist raws li ib tug caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ces tshem tawm thiab nruab nrab ntawm lub txiav hlau cutters. Yog hais tias qhov chaw tau ntau, ces ib tug khub ntawm ciaj los yog cov ntiv tes somknite nplhaib.

Lub hlaws dai ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov hlau yog tsim siv ib cov cua kub burner (ib co masters yog pa roj burner). Raws li zoo raws li ib tug laum uas tsim mob yog zoo kawg nkaus mus raws li tau lawv, koj xav tau ib tug muaj hwj huam teeb thiab hlau "huv." DUB hlau tau nrog sulfuric siab thiab ammonia. Rauj flattened qhov chaw, tsim tshiab hais.

Jewellery Hlau: Master chav kawm ntawv rau beginners

Yog hais tias koj twb tsis tau sim los fiab cov hlau, nws yog tsim nyog los sim lawv txhais tes rau tej yam yooj yim piv txwv. Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm lub kauj-toog npab xav tau tuab thiab ib tug nyias tooj liab hlau, pliers, hlau cutters thiab cov burner (yog khiav nrog ib tug kauj hlau).

Ntawm tuab hlau ua tus yam kab uas hla ntawm lub nplhaib. Ua li no, nrhiav tus yam kab uas hla cylindrical qauv (trumpet). Qhwv lub yob ntawm tuab hlau, txuas rau lawv nyob rau hauv ob peb qhov chaw ib ntus kev zawm hniav (khoov hlau dav hlua tes rings, hlais, rub rau lawv thiab zascheplyaete xaus).

Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug tuab hlau, koj yuav tau npaj txhij-ua pheej yig garter rings, muab tso rau lawv nyob rau hauv ob peb qhov chaw rau lub dag lub zog thiab pib braiding. Cov kev yuav braiding ib tug nyias tooj liab hlau garter nplhaib spinning txhua upward thiab downward.

Tab Tom Hlab yuav tsum mus ib tom qab lwm yam, yog hais tias tus hlau tsiv, cov ciaj tau txav mus li. Yog hais tias koj ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug ntev hlau, ces nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tom hlab nws tau nyuaj. Yog li ntawd nws yog rhuab burner (zoo li ib txoj plaub hau tshuab nrog ib tug nplaim taws) ntxiv tom hlab. Txij li thaum tooj liab blackens raws li qhov cua kub, ces lub tiav lawm ad raug kho nrog citric acid (sov dej, ntxiv hmoov, siav khoom ob peb feeb, ces rinsed nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov).

Yuav oplesti tag nrho saws tes hlau los yog lub foreground muab lwm yam decorations hlau (hlau qhwv tso cai coupling nrog pob zeb, hlaws dai, flattened hlau ntsiab).

Rau tooj liab saws tes ua tsej. Rau lawv siv yuav hlau khawm ris npaj rau qhwv ntsej, txuas ntiv nplhaib, hniav ntsiab (pob zeb, hlaws dai). Thov nco ntsoov tias cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub xim yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog clasps thiab nyob ntawm tej. Yog hais tias lub tooj liab hlau, lub kub-plated sia nrog amber pob zeb. Yog hais tias lub sia nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj, ces muab cov hlau kaj xim.

Yog li ntawd, los ntawm ib tug tuab hlau ua loj thiab me me nplhaib. Teb rau lub thib ob qhws ntsej ua ib daim iav duab ntawm ib zaug, muab qhov chaw ua ke. Tam sim no zoo hlau dim de entwine lub puab thiab txheej nplhaib. Yog hais tias koj xav tau ib tug dav heev saib, ces txhua nplhaib criss-hla ib tug caij nplooj ntoos hlav (los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub nplhaib coj), thiab ces ib tug nyias hlau ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav criss-hla cov khoom (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub braid yuav heev du).

Ntxiv mus, lub khawm ris yog txuas mus rau lub txheej nplhaib. Hlaws dai thiab pob zeb rub rau lub hlau thiab nrog rau cov kev pab muab cov coupling nplhaib rau lub puab nplhaib. Koj muaj peev xwm ua rau koj tus kheej connectors. Yuav kom impart antiquity tooj liab number case thiab cov kua roj vanish. Tau raws li hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau.

Raws li oplesti pob zeb pendant

Zoo, thaum muaj ib tug poob nrog ib tug qhov chaw uas koj muaj peev xwm ntsaws hlau, thiab yog hais tias tus kho kom zoo nkauj yog ua los ntawm pob zeb los yog npib, ces dab tsi ces? Rau xws li tus neeg mob, ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev braiding. Xav pliers, pliers, cutters tsis chamfers hlau (thickness 0.3 thiab 0.8 hli), lub pob zeb (cabochon).

Tom hlab hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau pib nrog rau qhov siv ntawm tus ncej. Qhwv ib tug tuab hlau cabochon. Ciaj khaws cov hlau tails, uas lub kaum sab xis yog 90 degrees. Tawm plaub centimeters thiab txiav tawm tus tshaj cov ntaub ntawv uas. Los ntawm no txuas hlau tua ntau rings 4 mm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb.

1.3 meters txiav ib tug nyias hlau, tawm hauv ib tug 50 cm ncej kom pib primatyvat txuas rings. Ua ntej, nrog 4 windings qhwv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cev, ces tsib puv primatyvaete nplhaib rau hauv tus ncej. Tom ntej no, tsis rhuav cov hlau, tsiv mus nyob rau ib sab nplhaib neeg thiab winding peb coils mus ntseeg nkaws rau hauv tus ncej.

Yog li ntawd muab tag nrho cov rings. Tej lub sij hawm thov lub moj khaum rau lub pob zeb yog hais tias nws yog convex, thiab ntaub ntawv ib lub nplhaib txoj hauj lwm. Tej zaum thaum lifting yuav tsum tau los tsim kom tau ntau rings. Qhov kawg nplhaib yog kev cob cog rua rau thawj thawj tsib lub lem thiab hlau txiav los ntawm lub sab lawm. Qhov xaus ntawm lub tuab hlau-zawm kauv (nws yog ua tau kom ib tug txawv kiag li curls), bends rau zus tau tej cov qauv, txoj kev ua ib tug rhombus, qhwv nws nyias hlau uas tshuav chiv.

Tsis ncaj ncees lawm sab ntawm lub pendant

Lub pem hauv ntej sab ntawm lub hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau npaj, tam sim no ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm sab. Ua li no, koj ua ib tug tuab hlau ntawm lub tib lub vajvoog, tab sis me me thiab. Qhov xaus ntawm lub hlau yog khoov duav mus rau hauv ib tug tuab lub nplhaib. Peb yuav tsum ua li ntawd hais tias ob curl haum nruj nreem rau txhua lwm yam. Lub sab ib feem ntawm cov khoom yuav ua tau ib tug rauj los pluav. Tsuas khob lawv maj mam, leisurely - ntaus qhov qub chaw, saib, txawm yog hais tias, ces tsiv mus nyob rau hauv. Txwv tsis pub tsim si nraum zoov.

Tam sim no txuas lub txheej ncej, thiab cov underside ntawm lub pob zeb ua ke. Ob peb qhov chaw ib ntus fix hlau mus rau lub ntsiab lus nruj nreem zaum thiab tsis tsiv. Nyias hlau yog tam sim no tsim nyog los qhwv lub txheej thiab puab ncej qhov twg muaj voids (nruab nrab ntawm lub txuas rings rau lub txheej ib feem).

Qhov kawg theem ntawm braided ponytail nrog curls ua lub pendant voj. Ua li no, siv ib tug steel koob maj mam, maj mam khoov kom cov curls nyob rau lub txuas nplhaib khoom. Tam sim no xov lace los yog ribbon. Raws li koj tau pom, tooj liab hlau hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog tsis zuj zus tshaj hniav nyiaj hniav kub.

Nco ntsoov lub kho kom zoo nkauj rau lub pob zeb yog muaj los ntawm lwm cov qauv (txuas rings, curls), uas yog tsau ntawm lub coils. Yog hais tias cov hlau yuav pw dawb do cabochon yoov.

Decorations rau hlau plaub hau

Hlau tau yooj yim yuav tau invisible, hairpins thiab zuag ntsis plaub hau. Qhov yooj yim cov kev xaiv - mus txoj hlua hlaws dai rau hlau thiab ua tus duab ntawm ib lub paj nrog swirls thiab xa mus rau lub hauv paus. Ntau nthuav qauv tau los ntawm cov flattened hlau. Ces cia rau thaum xaus ntawm lub hlaws dai, thiab tus so ntawm lub hlau maj pluav tawm, thaum uas muab daim ntawv no. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, ib tug hlau qhwv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hlaws dai, ces mus rau lub suab finishes curl-helix. Muab tso rau hauv ib lub hlaws, mus cuag ib tug snug haum ntawm lub hlau rau txhua lwm yam, yog soldered mus rau lub substrate.

Ib tug los ze zog saib yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm hlau, hlaws dai, hlaws dai. Nyob rau ib daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv kos Circuit Court pins, pib los ntawm lub curl thiab dua rau ib qho txheej vajvoog, qhov kawg ntawm uas tus kauv hloov nyob rau hauv lub lwm yam, saum toj no tshaj lub ua ntej. Nws hloov tawm lub voj voog nrog ob tug antennae. Yog no unseparated. Ces, thaum lub taw tes rau ntawm ob nyias hlau curls entwine lawv ob peb lem.

Ntxiv mus, tib cov ntaub ntawv uas yog braided ncej pins, stringing hlaws dai, raws li lub tswvyim:

• cov hlaws dai ntawm rau koj lem;
• ntawm cov me me hlaws dai yim lem;
• ntawm hlaws kaum lem.

Qhov kev ncua deb txiav txim los ntawm lub cheeb ntawm lub hniav khoom. Nws pib thiab xaus nrog me me hlaws dai tom hlab, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm hlaws. Curls yog braided nrog cov hlaws dai xwb. Tom ntej no yog ua ib tug pin. Quav lub hlau nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiaj li hais tias ib tug kawg yog ntev tshaj li ib ob peb ntawm centimeters. Muab nws rau tus pins, pin rau txhua sab yuav tsum tau ntau tshaj 5-7 centimeters. Lub tshaj cov ntaub ntawv uas yog txiav. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub pin ntswj qhov xaus ntawm lub kauv ntsia hlau.

Rau dai kom zoo ntawm tooj liab hlau nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog tus ncej, nyob rau hauv curls xov hlaws dai (rau ib kawg ntawm ib daim, lwm braided nrog 3 hlaws dai, sis thib 5 ntawd hlaws dai). Criss-hla lub tag nrho NQHAJ yog tsis tsim nyog tias cov plaub hau tsis tau tsis meej pem. Tsuas yog ib lub zuj zus antennae thiab qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv ntawm 0.6 cm -1, txoj kev ua ib daim duab peb sab.

Tej yam yooj yim cov tswv yim rau thawj cov khoom

Xuas tes ua khw muag khoom muaj ib tug lossis loj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov hniav ntsiab ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Yuav muaj ib ob peb, nws yuav cawm koj lub sij hawm, txhawb kev kawm kev txawj ntse (tam sim no koj mam li paub tias xyov yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau kev twb kev txuas rings, fasteners, clips). Tej pawg hniav nyiaj hniav kub hlau nrog lawv ob txhais tes tsis txawv los ntawm lub muas (tshwj tsis yog tias tus nqi tsim nyog).

Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau haiv neeg jewellery ntawm square ntsiab nyob rau hauv uas yeej voids. Los ntawm tuab hlau khoov square (cov ces kaum yuav tsum ncaj) thiab ib tug me me voj voog. Muab ib tug square, ib lub voj voog rau hauv nws, entwine xam nyias hlau. Lwm cov kev xaiv - ua ntej txuas txhua daim hnav nyob rau hauv hlau hlua, ces lawv oplesti. Peb tau txais loj heev decorations.

Yuav kom ua ke nrog necklaces tsej thiab bracelets, rov hais dua cov tib zaj dab neeg. Nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv nrog square tsej saw caj dab ntawm cov hlaws dai yuav yooj yim thiab qhov nruab nrab mount qauv ntawm cov squares. Lwm cov piv txwv ntawm cov thawj kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov hlau (master-class ob-laus saws tes):

• hlau faib mus rau hauv sib npaug zos daim;
• txuas siv cov khawm ris puv kaj tiav lawm workpiece ib nrab-arches thiab tsaus ntuj nti hlau;
• rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub swb, muab;
• ua nyob rau hauv ib tug kab zoo kauj-toog npab ntawm ob peb ib ncig.

Bracelets yuav ua tsis fasteners, lawv tsuas muab tso rau hauv lub tes. Tus duab ntawm ib tug nab los yog cov boom yog feem ntau haum rau xws li ib tug dai kom zoo ntawm hlau (yees duab ob txhais tes nrog bracelets).

txoj kev cov lus xaus

Tsheb ciav hlau thiab caj npab dexterity zoo dua rau cov tooj liab hlau nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua yooj yooj yim studs, rings, cov plaub hau clips. Yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj tshwj xeeb cov khoom thiab cov cuab yeej, ua tsis tau tag kev cia siab. Siv koj lub tswv yim. Es tsis txhob, siv lub burner roj qhov cub los tsim mob (thiab tsis muaj borax yuav tsis ua li cas, nws tsim ib txig du nto). Vigdzhik hloov phau ntawv dexterity thiab daim ntawv Round tswvyim. Rigel yuav hloov thawj zaug theem ntawm knitting koob ntawm txawv diameters.

Kom tsis txhob patinated hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm hlau, siv ib tug uas tsis yog-oxidizing hlau. Koj muaj peev xwm them rau cov kho kom zoo nkauj ntsia kuj. Yog hais tias koj xav tau los ua ib tug patina, hlau ntxuav zoo nyob rau hauv lub txiv qaub tshuaj. Ces muab nws nyob rau hauv dej sov rau tus ntiv tes thov ib tug nyias txheej ntawm cov leej faj tshuaj pleev (cov chaw muag tshuaj muag), ntxuav cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv cov dej. Tsis tshem nws los ntawm cov dej, ntxuav tawm cov leej faj los ntawm cov pa txhais tau rau cov tais diav, so qhuav.

Los yog cov cua kub hlau nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub, thiab ces ntub sov me nyuam qab zib thiab muab txog thaum lub Desired tshwm sim, ces ntxuav nrog xab npum thiab dej. Dua patina - cov xim ntawm lub pib xyaum ua, tsim los ntawm mus sib hais thiab yuam kev. Koj muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau cov xim ntawm antiquity. Ib tug neeg zoo nkauj xwb gilt los yog nyiaj acrylic xim, varnishes.

Yuav kom kawm tau li cas yuav ua rau hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm hlau, muaj yog tsis muaj ntaub ntawv. Txhua artist pom ib yam dab tsi txawv, qhia txog nws nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev cob qhia los yog tsuas yog muaj nws creation. Sim yuam rau ntawm tej yam yooj yim cov khoom, ua hauj lwm tawm nyob rau hauv tiav lawm cov khoom ntawm masters: puas faib cov kho kom zoo nkauj rau lub Cheebtsam qhov chaw thiab ua si nws nyob rau hauv xyaum.