Hloov: yog dab tsi? hloov Circuit Court thiab txhaum kev tswj

Lub sij hawm "hloov" yuav muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev ntawv. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau kev txiav txim zoo - ib tug ntaus ntawv rau switching hluav taws xob circuits (Pib ntsais koj teeb) uas yuav ua tau hluav taws xob, electron-beam los yog electromechanically.

Nyob rau hauv lub vos kev txiav txim zoo yog feem ntau thiaj hu ua ignition mus, uas yog nruab nrog tej tsheb nrog roj xyaw. Qhov no ntau yam ntawm keyboards, mas tsheb, thiab yog lub ntsiab ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm.

Tom qab ignition tshuab

Raws li nws yog lub npe hu, nyob rau hauv txhua kev khiav hauj lwm mus los roj av nrog combustion engine, muaj yog ib kauj ruam ntawm kev npaj ib tug combustible roj-huab cua sib tov thiab nws combustion theem. Tab sis lub sib tov hlawv, nws yuav tsum yog ib yam dab tsi mus hlawv.

Tus thawj cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv qhov ntxov tshaj plaws tsheb nrog combustion engine, tiv cav tseb yog ib tug sib tov ntawm lub glow raj tso rau hauv lub tog raj kheej thiab preheat ua ntej pib lub engine. Thaum nws lag luam kub ntawm lub raj twb khaws cia vim kub nyhiab nyob rau hauv txhua lub voj voog ntawm lub sib tov.

Interestingly, lub txim ignition system Magneto thov nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog lub pre-tiv cav tseb xyaw, tab sis thaum xub thawj tsuas yog rau cov muaj roj cav. Qhov no tej ntsiab cai muaj sai sai replicated thiab automakers, thiab tom qab lub invention ntawm Robert Bosch nyob rau hauv 1902, lub li ib txwm muaj plug txim system tau ua tus txheej txheem.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub txim plug

Tam sim no, feem ntau roj teeb system tiv cav tseb, muaj ib tug tam sim no qhov chaw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub tsheb roj teeb thaum lub sij hawm pib thiab lub cev muaj zog generator thaum lub cav khiav, lub ignition kauj yog ib tug transformer nrog ib tug high voltage theem nrab winding uas ib tug muaj plug tiv cav tseb, thiab ib tug distributor (mus) Ignition . Ua hauj lwm mus yog mus tseg cuam tshuam tam sim no Circuit Court ntawm cov thawj winding ntawm lub ignition kauj. Nrog txhua cuam tshuam ntawm nws tam sim no magnetic teb uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov chaw nyob los ntawm cov nyob ntawm tej ntawm ob winding ntawm lub ignition kauj, decreases sai heev. Yog li, nyob rau hauv raws li txoj cai ntawm electromagnetic induction nyob rau tib lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj ib tug heev loj solenoidal hluav taws xob field, uas tsim ib tug siab siv (mus txog 25 kV) nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding EMF ignition kauj, muaj plug electrodes nraus. Lub voltage nruab nrab ntawm lawv sai sai nce mus txog ib tug nqi txaus rau lub neej puas ntawm cov huab cua kis, thiab ces ruam fais txim Cov nroj cig cuag cov roj-huab cua sib tov.

Uas yog hloov mus rau lub ignition system?

Yog li ntawd, lub tsheb mus. Yuav ua li cas yog nws thiab yog vim li cas yog nws yuav tsum tau? Luv luv, qhov no ntaus ntawv, uas aims mus ua txhaum lub tam sim no Circuit Court nyob rau hauv cov thawj winding ntawm lub ignition kauj nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau yooj yim rau lub sij hawm no.

Nyob rau hauv ib plaub-mob stroke nrog combustion engine, qhov no lub sij hawm ntawd tshwm sim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub compression stroke (2nd ua hauj lwm stroke ICE), ua ntej lub piston nce mus txog qhov thiaj li hu ua sab saum toj tuag center (TDC), nyob rau hauv uas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tej taw tes rau lub piston mus rau lub crankshaft axis ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub sab hauv combustion engine yog siab tshaj plaws. Txij li thaum lub crankshaft ua ib tug yeej muab lub zog, tam sim no cuam tshuam taw tes khi rau ib co ntawm nws txoj hauj lwm ua ntej xeeb lawv thiab tus piston TDC txoj hauj lwm. Lub kaum ntawm lub crankshaft txoj hauj lwm thiab lub ntsug dav hlau yog hu ua tus tiv cav tseb sij hawm. Nws mas nws txawv ntawm 1 mus rau 30 degrees.

Muab qhov keeb kwm, cov lus nug "Tsheb Hloov: yog dab tsi?" - yuav tsum tau lub luag hauj lwm, nws yog thawj zaug uas muaj mechanical, thiab tom qab ntawd, raws li technology kho, hluav taws xob breaker nyob rau hauv lub ignition kauj.

Neeg kho tshuab precursor ignition hloov

Ua tau, tus tes hloov qhov yog ib tug ntaus ntawv los ua lub npe hu nyuam qhuav xwb, tom qab nws tau ua tag nrho hluav taws xob. Tiam sis ua ntej, txij li thaum xyoo 1910, thaum lub tsheb "Cadillac" tshum sim rau thawj lub sij hawm ib tug tsis siv ignition system, nws txoj kev ua nrog rau lwm yam kev pab raws qib yog ua los ntawm lub distributor (timer). Qhov no duality yog lub npe sawv vim hais tias ntawm nws dual muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv lub ignition system. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov thawj winding ntawm lub ignition kauj yog tsim nyog los cuam tshuam - chaw pib lub "chopper". Nyob rau lwm cov tes, lub siab voltage winding ntawm lub ignition kauj yuav tsum qho faib rau cov muaj plugs ntawm tag nrho cov thooj voos kheej kheej, thiab nrog cov yam lead kaum sab xis. Li no tus thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub npe - "distributor".

Raws li ua hauj lwm timer?

Breaker-txoj kev valve yog tsav nyob rau hauv kev sib hloov los ntawm lub crankshaft puab ncej uas yog tsau ib tug dielectric rotor nrog ib yam-slider tokoraznosnoy phaj nyob rau ntawm nws kawg. By caij nplooj ntoos hlav-loaded phaj slides carbon txhuam kev cob cog rua rau ib tug high voltage central hu nyob rau hauv lub distributor cover, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog kev cob cog rua rau lub qhov winding ntawm lub ignition kauj. Tokoraznosnaya phaj tseg nce pov tseg nyob rau hauv lub hau tramblera hu high voltage nyob ntawm tej txoj hau kev muaj thooj voos kheej kheej. Thaum no tus taw tes nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding spool tshwm sim high voltage, uas pierces lub ob cua kis: tokoraznostnoy ntawm lub phaj thiab kev sib cuag hlau thiab no muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub electrodes ntawm lub txim.

Nyob rau tib lub ncej mounted cams, uas tooj sib npaug rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm thooj voos kheej kheej thiab txhua cam protrusions yog qhib ib txhij nrog kev twb kev txuas hu particular txim tam sim no interrupter muaj nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court ntawm lub ignition kauj thawj windings.

Uas nyob nruab nrab rau cov neeg ntawm lub breaker tsis ua sparks thaum qhib, yog kev cob cog rua thaum uas tig mus rau lub high-muaj peev xwm capacitor. Thaum qhib lub breaker hu emf ntxias nyob rau hauv cov thawj winding ua ib tug tam sim no los them cov capacitor, tab sis tshuav rau nws muaj peev xwm voltage thoob plaws nws, thiab chaw pib lub hu qhib, hauv qab no yog cov huab cua neej puas.

Tab sis li cas txog cov hlau lead lub?

Raws li yog lub npe hu, nrog ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub zaus ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub crankshaft sib tov nyob rau hauv lub thooj voos kheej kheej tau zes nws compression stroke nyob rau tom qab, cia li ua ntej lub TDC, piv txwv li, ignition lub yuav tsum raug txo. Conversely, los ntawm kev ua cov muab ceev nyob rau hauv lub compression stroke sib tov yuav tsum zes thaum ntxov, i.e. nam lub nce. Lub timer ua no muaj nuj nqi centrifugal regulator mechanically coupled rau lub cams qhib mus. Nws tau muab rau tus ncej ntawm lub distributor kom lawv sim ua ntej los yog tom qab nyob rau hauv lub compression stroke qhib rau cov neeg ntawm lub breaker lub sib tov.

Lead lub hloov yog tsim nyog thiab ntawm qhov zaus thaum lub cav load txawv. Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog ua ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv - ib lub tshuab nqus regulator tiv cav tseb.

Zoo li tus thawj keyboards

Los ntawm kawg ntawm tus 70s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo nws tau los ua tseeb hais tias cov weakest ntawm tramblera yog cov hu breaker, los ntawm kev uas ntws ib tug tag nrho cov thawj tam sim no. Lawv hlawv lossi nyob rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm kev txiav txim. Yog li ntawd, cov thawj tshuaj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob hloov Circuit Court cuam tshuam tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub kauj. Nyob rau hauv nws cov pem hauv ntej Tsawg voltage Circuit Court terminals muaj nyob ntawm tej los ntawm cov pa hu breaker tramblera. Tam sim no, txawm li cas los, nws tsis yog tu ncua hu tag nrho tam sim no ntawm lub ignition kauj, thiab ib tug me me tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim Circuit Court mus.

Ua tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov tau structurally tsim raws li ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib chav tsev thiab kev cob cog rua (ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb) mus rau lub classical timer. Qhov no tiv cav tseb system yog hu ua ib tug hu rau email. Nws yog heev nrov nyob rau hauv lub 80s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Txawm hnub no koj tseem pom lub tsheb txawm peem rau nrog nws.

Tsav cov kev sib cuag hloov hluav taws xob system mus rau transistors.

Cov kauj ruam tom ntej - qhov tsis kam ntawm cov kev sib cuag breaker

Hu rau breaker txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug tsawg-tam sim no daim ntawv no, yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib tug hluav taws xob tiv cav tseb system, nws tseem heev taus pob caus. Yog li ntawd, automakers tau ua loj cov kev siv zog mus tshem tawm nws. Cov kev siv zog tau crowned nrog kev vam meej tom qab lub creation ntawm qhov uas tsis yog-hu sensor-distributor rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub Hall sensor.

Tam sim no, es tsis txhob ntawm ob peb cams nyob rau distributor ncej pib rau nruab cylindrical hollow screen thiab lub shutters nrog slits therebetween, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm qhov muag tsis pom slots sib npaug zos rau cov xov tooj ntawm engine thooj voos kheej kheej. Kub hnyiab thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam slots tsiv nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb uas ua los ntawm ib tug mus tas magnet, yav tas los ib tug tej yam me me Hall sojntsuam. Raws li ntev raws li nws tsiv dhau los cov ntaub ntawm lub screen, cov qhov tso zis voltage ntawm lub Hall sensor yog uas ploj lawm. Thaum lub shutter yog hloov los ntawm ib tug txoj kab txiav nrog lub Hall sensor hluav taws xob circuitry ntawm tus mem tes voltage yog muab tshem tawm, qhia qhov yuav tsum tau rau cuam tshuam tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov thawj winding ntawm lub ignition kauj. Qhov no muaj mem tes voltage yog kis tau los ntawm hlau los thaiv tus tes hloov qhov tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub ignition kauj, qhov twg nws yog pre-amplified thiab ces siv los tswj lub ntsiab hwj chim switching nyob ntev.

Lwm embodiment ntawm qhov sib thooj sensor yog ib tug distributor tsev nrog ib tug optical sensor, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug phototransistor yog siv, es tsis txhob mus tas li magnet nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub Hall sensor - LED. Kho qhov muag sensor muaj ib yam tshuaj ntsuam uas qhib thiab shutters.

Cov tsos ntawm tus tes hloov qhov nws tus kheej

Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub contactless ignition system es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug hu tramblera ob cais units: sib thooj (tiam sis tsuas yog tsis tshua muaj voltage) sensor-txoj kev valve thiab ib tug hluav taws xob mus. Cov nuj nqi ntawm lub high school faib voltage ntawm lub txim plugs nyob rau hauv lub sensor-rail tseem ua txhua yam teb slider nrog tokoraznosnoy phaj.

Thiab yuav ua li cas los tswj cov firing lub? Cov kev pab raws qib yog tseem ua centrifugal thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev regulators raws li ib feem ntawm lub koob qhia hais tias-distributor. Tus thawj ntawm no yog tam sim no tig lub cams rau tus ncej yog tsis tau, thiab kev txav cov shutter screen, li no kev Process lub ignition kaum sab xis. Lub tshuab nqus tsev regulator kuj muaj lub peev xwm los hloov lub Hall sensor nrog nws thaub qab phaj, kuj kho no lub.

Muab qhov saum toj no, cov lus nug: "Qhov uas niaj hnub tsheb hloov: yog dab tsi?" - yuav tsum tau muab ib lo lus teb uas yog structurally cais hluav taws xob tsev contactless ignition system.

Tsis kam ntawm high voltage faib

Cov coos nyob rau hauv tus tes hloov qhov koom tes txhua yam high voltage distributor lub tog raj kheej rau txim. Cov feem nthuav yog hais tias qhov no ntawm yog txaus txhim khu kev qha thiab tsis ua rau ntau kev tsis txaus siab. Tab sis lub sij hawm tsis sawv tseem, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm no caug xyoo, tus tes hloov qhov kev twb kev txuas Circuit Court tau undergone loj hloov nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub tsheb uas tsis mus kawm high voltage faib los ntawm ib tug kauj rau txawv taws tswm ciab. On qhov tsis tooj, lawv "muab" nws tus kheej chev thiab steel accessory tswm ciab txhua lub tog raj kheej. Tam sim no, es tsis txhob ntawm cov kev sib cuag switching txim ntawm high voltage yog ua contactless switching ntawm coils rau cov uas tsis voltage. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no complicates tus tes hloov qhov Circuit Court, tab sis kuj cov possibilities uas niaj hnub Circuit Court tsim yog npaum li cas nrug.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub tsheb nrog txhaj tshuaj xyaw hloov kev tswj los ntawm siv yooj yim tswj tsev lub cev muaj zog, los yog cov onboard computer. Cov ntawm lwm yam uas tsis tau tsuas yog analyzed crankshaft kev sib hloov ceev, tab sis ib tug ntau yam ntawm lwm yam tsis characterizing cov roj thiab coolant, kub ntawm ntau yam thiab qhov ib puag ncig. Raws li lawv tsom xam ntawm real-lub sij hawm thiab hloov qhov chaw kawm lub ignition sij hawm.

hloov tej kev yuam kev

Feem ntau cov neeg kho tshuab tsis ua hauj lwm tramblera yog scorching nws hu: ob mobile thiab high-voltage muaj mob. Yuav kom qhov no tsis tshwm sim (tsawg kawg yog tsis heev sai sai), koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua saib lawv, thiab yog hais tias lawv tsim ib tug deposit, nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov koob ntaub ntawv los yog zoo ntwav txhuam ntoo.

Yog hais tias faulty capacitor kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv uas tig mus rau cov neeg ntawm lub breaker, los yog ib tug resistor nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court ntawm lub hauv paus high voltage electrode, lawv tej zaum yuav hloov.

Malfunction ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Hall sensor pulses amplifier los yog hloov lub kauj tam sim no feem ntau tsis muaj leej twg, vim hais tias xws li ib tug hloov tsis folding. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws li ib tug txoj cai, lub faulty chav tsev yog tsuas hloov los ntawm ib tug tshiab.

Yuav ua li cas mus saib tus tes hloov qhov?

Yog hais tias lub cav ceev kom kaw "float", los yog nws chaw nyob rau hauv txoj kev mus, los yog tsis khiav, kos lub xub ntiag ntawm muaj los ntawm lub ignition distributor kev cob cog rua rau ib tug Hall sensor candlelight. Ua li no, qhib lawv hnav kaus mom broneprovodov, muab taws tswm ciab rau hauv lub "hnyav" thiab "saws tus" crankshaft oob khab. Yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj txim los yog nws tsis muaj zog, koj yuav tsum tsiv mus rau tus tes hloov qhov.

Tab sis yuav ua li cas mus ntsuam xyuas tus tes hloov qhov? Nws yog tsim nyog los tig lub ignition thiab ntsuam xyuas yuav ua li cas lub voltmeter koob yog deflected. Yog hais tias tus tes hloov qhov yog OK, ces nws yuav tsum thim nyob rau hauv ob ua sawv. Thawj xub occupies ib nrab txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas muaj tshua 2-3 vib nas this, thiab ces hais mus rau qhov kawg (nominal) txoj hauj lwm. Yog hais tias lub xub tam sim ntawd yuav siv sij hawm nws kawg txoj hauj lwm, koj yuav tau sim kom hloov tus tes hloov qhov.

Txuas tus tes hloov qhov

Yuav ua li cas mus cuag tus tes hloov qhov mus rau lub contactless ignition system? Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias nws cov davhlau ya nyob twg block yog kev cob cog rua ntawm ob tug nyob ntawm tej rau terminals "B" thiab "K" ntawm lub ignition kauj, ib tug peb-hlau sam xauv nees nrog connector - mus rau lub Hall sensor rau lub sensor-distributor thiab ib zaug xwb hlau - mus "hnyav". Nrog davhlau ya nyob twg "+" kev cob cog rua rau lub roj teeb hloov Circuit Court ntawm davhlau ya nyob twg "B" ntawm lub kauj.