Hip sib koom tes, X-ray: nta ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Rau ntau tus neeg, tus kab mob ntawm lub duav ob leeg yuav ua tau ntawm txawv hnub nyoog, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev taug kev thiab kev pab txhawb nqa muaj nuj nqi. Xws li ib tug pathological mob heev muaj feem xyuam rau qhov zoo ntawm lub neej thiab feem ntau ua rau xiam oob qhab.

Yuav kom qhia tau tias cov kab mob ntawm lub licas, tus kws kho mob yuav muab tshuaj rau X-ray ntawm lub duav sib koom tes, uas yog ib tug tawg diagnostics, tso cai rau kom muab tau ib tug tsis zoo daim duab ntawm lub cheeb tsam cov nyob rau photosensitive txheej ntawm tshwj xeeb zaj duab xis. Tsaug rau cov niaj hnub tshuab nws yog tau txais lub tshaj plaws yog daim duab nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm, thiab nyob rau hauv saib.

Zoo thiab tsis zoo

Radiography ntawm lub duav, raws li zoo raws li lwm yam diagnostic txoj kev muaj tej yam zoo. Cov no muaj xws simplicity thiab cuag, raws li zoo raws li qhov uas tsis muaj nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub xws li ib xeem yuav nqa tawm dawb xwb. Yog hais tias ob txhais tes yuav ib tug X-ray, koj yuav nrhiav lub tswv yim ntawm tej kws muaj txuj, thiab tus kws kho mob kom ua raws li lub zog ntawm tus kab mob no thaum lub sij hawm ntawm re-xeem.

Radiography muaj disadvantages:

• los ntawm lub cev x-ray tawg, albeit nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj;
• tsis muaj peev xwm mus siab soj ntsuam cov kev ua ntawm tus txha;
• soj ntsuam cheeb tsam feem ntau overlaps surrounding ntaub so ntswg, uas ua nyob rau hauv cov dluab yog superimposed on txhua lwm yam;
• tsis muaj tshwj xeeb uas tseg tau yog tsis tau mus ntsuam xyuas tus mob ntawm cov nqaij mos mos;
• me ntsis tuav tus nqi.

Indications thiab contraindications

Yog hais tias ib tug mob hip sib koom tes, X-ray yog ua los mus txiav txim qhov ua rau ntawm no. Tej kev tshawb fawb yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ntau cov kab mob ntawm lub licas. Siv X-ray detectable hloov nyob rau hauv lub ntsag, uas tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov nram qab no yog vim li cas:

• kev poob plig (sprains, pob txha lov);
• degenerative pathology (cystic hloov, osteoarthritis, aseptic necrosis) ;
• mob pob txha metastases;
• inflammatory kab mob (osteomyelitis, mob caj dab);
• congenital anomalies (hypoplasia, dysplasia);
• metabolic mob (gout, osteoporosis).

Tsis contraindications rau xws li ib tug daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas - ib tug cev xeeb tub txhua ntu, raws li zoo raws li cov thyroid kab mob, lub raum thiab lub plawv. Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm ib tug yuam vim li cas nws yog ib qho zoo tsis mus nqa tawm X-rays rau cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv 14 lub xyoos. Yog hais tias txoj kev ua no yog nqa tawm nrog rau kev siv zoo kab mob, daim ntawv teev cov contraindications yuav muaj ntau yam wider. Nws muaj xws li cov nram qab no lub xeev ntawm tus kab mob:

• mob loj heev pathological lub xeev ntawm lub siab thiab ob lub raum;
• active tuberculosis;
• haum cov neeg ua hauj muaj iodine;
• lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm;
• loj mob ntawm tus neeg mob.

roentgenographing

Yog hais tias kev txhawj xeeb txog lub duav sib koom tes, X-ray ntawm lub cheeb tsam cov yog ib tug yuav tsum. Qhov no txoj kev yog yus muaj los ntawm nws cov txheeb ze simplicity. Tom qab tus neeg mob tau txais ib tug xa mus rau kev soj ntsuam, nws yuav tsum zoo npaj rau nws, thiaj li hais tias qhov tshwm sim yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo.

kev kawm

Yog hais tias koj xav mus ua ib tug X-ray ntawm lub duav sib koom tes, feem ntau tsis muaj tshwj xeeb kev cob qhia yog tsis yuav tsum tau, tab sis tseem ib co ntsiab lus uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai.

Txij li thaum lub soj ntsuam cheeb tsam yog nyob ze txaus rau cov hnyuv, nws txheem yuav muaj ib feem nyob rau cov duab zoo. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb siv rau lub gassing txheej txheem. Yuav kom rho tawm tus txheem ntawm lub plob tsis so tswj lub hnub ua ntej txoj kev tshawb no pom zoo nyob rau hauv rau yav tsaus ntuj thiab tom ntej no thaum sawv ntxov rau kev ntxuav enema. Koj yuav tau txaus siab rau tej laxative ua ntej rau txoj kev.

Yog hais tias lub X-ray yuav tsum tau ua nrog ib tug zoo ib tus neeg saib xyuas, nws yog tsim nyog los tuav tus qauv nyob rau hauv ua ntej mus rau nws kev txiav txim rau lub tsis haum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yuav pib cov txheej txheem ntawm ib tug tsis zoo tshwm sim.

nta ntawm

Ua ntej cov txheej txheem, tus neeg mob yuav tshem cov seem txeej khaub ncaws, tag nrho cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab hlau tej khoom, vim hais tias vim lawv yuav nyob rau hauv cov duab ua cuam. Yuav kom soj ntsuam lub duav sib koom tes, X-ray ua nyob rau hauv ob peb qhov. Ua ntej qhov kev xeem ntawm tus neeg mob looj cov kev tiv thaiv cov hlau lead hauv cov phiaj.

Rau cov duab hauv pelvic cheeb tsam tsev xa ib beam ntawm rays dhau los ntawm lub hip ob leeg. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov tawg pib mus disperse thiab yuav tshem tawm, thiab qhov degree ntawm cov dispersion nyob rau cov kev ceev ntawm lub nais maum kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg. Thaum zoo li no yuav pib tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis duab ntawm nruab nrog cev thiab cov nqaij, los ntawm kev uas cov tawg tau dhau lawm. Lub yees duab yog kom meej meej heev pom cov pob txha, uas muaj ib tug tshaj plaws ceev. Tus kws kho mob radiologist ntawm qhov kev tso kawm rau lub luminous screen ntawm ib tug X-ray yuav ntsuam xyuas lub internal qauv ntawm tus txha.

Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm xws li ib tug seem feem ntau yog nqa tawm:

• pem hauv ntej ob txhais taw nrog diluted los ntawm ob tog;
• sab nrog ob txhais ceg ntawm kev ncua.

Yog hais tias koj siv lub hip X-ray, lub cai - thaum nqa tawm cov duab nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si projections. Qhov no ua rau nws tau mus nrhiav kom tau tus tshaj plaws yog mob. Tus txheej txheem kav txog 10 feeb, tus neeg mob tau txais ib tug koob ntawm 1.5 mSv.

Deciphering lub X-rays

Radiography tej zaum yuav muaj kom raug. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias X-rays, uas xa ib tug cathode txoj sab ci raj, lub tus nqi ndlwg. Yog hais tias cov kev tshawb fawb kawm yog tsis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm daim duab, cov duab no yog tau muab ncua ib tug me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws li hloov los ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub kawm cov pob qij txha.

Cov neeg ntawm tus mob kev lom zem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb cov neeg txawj ib tug kws kho mob pab. Txhua tus kab mob nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv uas yog muab nyob rau hauv cov duab:

• cov pob txha lov - pom cov pob txha tawg tsam;
• sprains - koj yuav saib tau lub xaav ntawm lub articular chaw;
• Osteoarthritis - ob leeg qhov chaw narrowing, osteophytes;
• aseptic necrosis - pob txha tsuaj, osteosclerosis txhab;
• txha - thinning kom meej meej pom qauv, txo tus pob txha ceev;
• dysplasia - yog pom tsis tiav los yog txawv txav kev loj hlob ntawm lub femoral lub taub hau nrog rau cov acetabulum;
• mob - foci blackout, space-occupying txhab.

radiography cov me nyuam

X-rays ntawm lub duav cov pob qij txha nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam siv xwb nruj me ntsis nyob rau hauv zaj lus tim khawv ntawm tus kws kho mob, raws li txoj kev ua no yog pom tias yuav muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej tej zaum yuav tsim haematological txawv txav los yog muaj kev pauv nrog rau mob cancer. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus nrhiav ib tug zoo kws, uas yuav taw ib txoj kev kawm nrog tus nqi qis tshaj koob ntawm hluav taws xob, uas ua nyob rau hauv cov nyom los ntawm cov me me tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau tsawg heev.

X-rays ntawm lub duav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos nws yog zoo dua tsis ua li cas. Tus kws kho mob feem ntau yog tsa rau lub hom phiaj no ultrasound rau cov me nyuam, uas yog tsis tau ib xyoos. Txij li thaum cov me nyuam mos mus rau peb lub hlis leeg ntau atrophied, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau kev tshawb nrhiav no pathology, zoo li hip dysplasia. X-rays nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yuav pab tsis tau. Nws hu mus nqa tawm thaum tau sau nrog calcium thiab pob txha mos tig mus rau hauv cov pob txha.

xaus

Yog li, yog hais tias tus puas hip sib koom tes, X-ray yog yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav kom tau lub caij nyoog ua ntawm tus kab mob. Txij li thaum xws li ib tug txheej txheem yog tsis suav tias yog muaj kev ruaj ntseg, ces nws yuav tsum muab qhov chaw tsis ntau tshaj li ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau nws kev coj cwj pwm rau cov me nyuam yaus, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum txo tau raug mob los ntawm raug.