Hais lus tsis xws luag. Hais lus tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab cov neeg laus. Pathologist, hais lus pathologist

Niaj hnub no peb yuav qhia rau koj seb yog cov tsis xws luag ntawm kev hais lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, koj yuav kawm tau li cas kom tau tshem ntawm xws li ib tug pathological phenomenon, yuav ua li cas cov kws muaj txuj yuav tsum tau hu nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev xav tau.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Tsis xws luag ntawm kev hais lus - qhov no yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm hais suab, uas tshwm sim vim ua txhaum ntawm tus neeg khiav dej num ntawm tus hais lus apparatus. Tej pathological tej yam kev mob xws li lisping, lus thob-quav Burr, etc.

Raws li koj paub, nws pib ib tug neeg tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sib tsim rau 2-5 xyoo ntawm lub neej. Up mus txog 3 xyoos tus me nyuam yuav kom hais lo lus hais txog 30-700, thiab los ntawm 4 xyoo ntawm kev sib tham nrog siv lawv txoj kev ua ke. Thaum lub sij hawm no cov lus ntawm tus me nyuam yog hais txog 1500 lo lus.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Lus txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau sab nraud thiab sab hauv yam. Feem ntau cov me nyuam qog lawv niam lawv txiv thiab yuav luag tag txais yuav lawv cov yam ntawm hais lus. Thaum lub sij hawm hais lus, los yog tej suab los ntawm tib neeg txais ntau yam kabmob, uas yog lub chaw zov me nyuam rau lub paj hlwb, neural pathways, ua pa nqaij, tus nplaig thiab lub ntsej muag.

Nyob rau hauv tej kev hais lus ntawm cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam yog to taub thiab kom meej meej cov hais txhua tsab ntawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tham ib tug neeg yuav tsum yuav tus thiab zoo. Yog hais tias hais lus slurred, unintelligible thiab to taub tsis tau, ces tham txog nws kev tsim txom. Niaj hnub no qhov txawv hais tej lus li impediments zoo li lus thob-quav, tsis muaj peev xwm kom raug hais rau tus neeg ntawv, xws li loog loog thiab thiaj li nyob.

ua rau

Hais lus tsis xws luag rau cov neeg laus feem ntau tshwm sim vim phais los yog raug mob rau hauv lub ntsiab kabmob ntawm kev hais lus (suab, vocal cords, tus nplaig, palate, cov hniav thiab daim di ncauj). Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li ib tug pathological mob tej zaum yuav raug los ntawm sab kev kev nyuaj siab (e.g., kev sib nrauj, bereavement thiab t. D.).

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau tag nrho cov yog vim li cas, hais lus tsis xws luag feem ntau tsim vim lub cleft ntawm lub Upper di ncauj, congenital anomalies, malocclusion, ib tug tshwj xeeb tsa ntawm lub puab tsaig, tus nplaig, kaus hniav thiab daim di ncauj, cov lag ntseg, thiab mob kab mob.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias muaj cov uas tsis tshua muaj los yog caws maum hniav neeg yuav raug pronouncing consonants. Sudden poob ntawm intelligible hais lus yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas txhab thiab lub hlwb cov kab mob.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm

Nyob ntawm seb cov tsos mob ntawm kev hais lus tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab cov laus raug muab faib ua ob peb hom. Yuav kom txiav txim uas pathological mob no tshwm sim koj yuav tsum yeej ib txwm sab laj nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb. Cov yav tas yuav tsum tsis txhob saib cov hom ntawm kho raws, tab sis kuj yuav qhia qhov ua rau ntawm nws tshwm sim, raws li zoo raws li muab kev kho mob los yog tshwj xeeb cov txheej txheem (ce).

Yog li, peb xav txog lub ntsiab hais lus tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Aphonia los yog dysphonia

Qhov no anomaly tshwm sim vim hais tias ntawm lub pathological kev hloov ntawm lub suab apparatus. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, xws li tus neeg muaj yog ib tug tseem ceeb ua txhaum ntawm phonation. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lawv mispronounce suab.

tachylogia

Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev hais lus, uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug ceev heev pace ntawm kev hais lus. Qhov no feature muaj tsis muaj phonetic variations, grammatical thiab lexical xwm.

Bradilaliya

Xws li ib tug kho raws yog nrog los ntawm ib tug ncua kev hais lus. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tus neeg yog heev yooj yim mus rau luam tawm dismembered suab. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg hais tias muaj kuj yog ib tug uas zoo sib xws sib txawv raws li bradifraziya. Cov neeg uas muaj xws li ib tug mob hais lus heev maj mam. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, qhov no yog vim lub weakening ntawm lub xav txheej txheem. Ob yam no pathological mob yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm lub zos lub hlwb cov kab mob.

lus thob-quav

Xws li ib tug hais lus tsis meej no tshwm sim vim hais tias ntawm lub convulsive lub xeev cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub suab apparatus, thiab yog nrog los ntawm heev repetition ntawm cov suab los yog lus nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tham tsis tau lawm, indecisiveness, inconsistency nyob rau hauv tempo, atherosclerosis thiab smoothness.

dyslalia

Qhov no phonetic tsis xws luag (ua txhaum zvukoproiznosheniya), uas muaj cai nyob rau hauv tib neeg nrog zoo-tsim kev hais lus thiab hnov lus.

rhinolalia

Qhov no kho raws zvukoproiznosheniya thiab deepening ntawm lub suab, uas tshwm sim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm anatomical txawv txav tib neeg suab apparatus.

ataxiophemia

Qhov no kho raws tshwm sim vim tsis muaj innervation ntawm lub suab apparatus. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws yog tsim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm subcortical txhab thiab zadnelobnyh hlwb. Nrog xws li ib tug tsis yog tsuas yog siv muaj ntawm tus hais lus hauv nruab nrog cev (tus nplaig, mos palate, daim di ncauj). Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, muaj yog slurred articulation. Nyob rau hauv cov laus, dysarthria yog tsis nrog lub cev qhuav dej ntawm tus hais lus system. Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam hnub nyoog tib yam xws li ib tug kho raws yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nyeem ntawv, hais lus thiab cov tsiaj ntawv, raws li tau zoo raws li cov kev underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus.

alalia

Qhov no underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus, los yog nws qhaj ntawv nyob rau hauv hnov lus thiab txawj ntse. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no kho raws nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug kev puas tsuaj rau lub cerebral hemispheres thaum lub sij hawm yog tau me nyuam, raws li tau zoo raws li lub hlwb cov kab mob los yog kev raug mob uas tau kis rau tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub pre-hais lus lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej.

aphasia

Qhov no yog ib tug ua txhaum ntawm lub twb tsim hais lus. Xws li ib tug kho raws tshwm sim thaum txhab ntawm tus hais lus seem ntawm lub cerebral cortex, raws li zoo raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tus mob stroke, kev poob plig, o, hlav thiab tej yam kev puas hlwb cov kab mob.

Leej twg tus los nrhiav kev pab?

Tam sim no koj paub tias dab tsi ib tug hais lus impediment. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias nws yog tsis tshua muaj ib qho tseem ceeb kom sai qhia qhov teeb meem. Yog hais tias koj xav tias nyob rau ntawm nws los yog nws hlub ib tug yog ib tug pathological phenomenon, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd sab laj ib tug kws (pathologist, hais lus therapist, ntsej, kws kho hniav, neurologist, orthodontist). Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog ib tug kws kho mob muaj peev xwm txiav txim seb hloov thiab ua kom kho tau nws.

Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau ntawm lub tsis xws luag ntawm kev hais lus?

Kho ntawm kev hais lus tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab cov laus yog ua rau ib tug neeg zus. Thawj kauj ruam yog los qhia hais tias qhov ua rau ntawm qhov hloov tus nqi, thiab xwb ces ua txhua yam los daws nws.

Yog hais tias tus hais lus tsis meej twb pom nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam, cov niam txiv yuav tsum Tshuag li on ntau ntawm kev ua siab ntev. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug muaj kev vam meej tshwm sim nyob feem nyob rau hauv regularity ntawm kev cob qhia, mob siab, thiab ua siab ntev nyiaj.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias vim lub nqi loj loj ntawm kev hais lus tsis xws luag thiab lawv ua, muaj ntau ntau yam kev kho mob xws deviations. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog nyob rau hauv kho, cov tub txawg muaj peev xwm thov ua pa los yog kev hais lus txoj kev kho tom qab kev kho mob ntawm lub qhov pib kab mob. Los ntawm txoj kev, lub tom kawg yog feem ntau tus kws kho tom qab ib tug mob stroke, kev raug mob los yog kev phais.

Kho ntawm kev hais lus tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab cov neeg laus yuav coj los ntawm ob peb lub lis piam mus rau ob peb lub hlis los yog txawm xyoo.

puas siab puas ntsws zoo tshaj

Ib tug txiv neej nrog xws li kev ua txhaum yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis txhob muaj cov neeg nyob ib ncig lawv. Tus ntshai hais tias nws yuav tsis to taub, feem ntau teeb meem. Tej cov neeg, on qhov tsis tooj, koj yuav tsum sib txuas lus ntau ntau thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis tu ncua los mus txhim kho lawv cov kev hais lus. Tus neeg mob, cais lawv tus kheej los ntawm zej zog, tej zaum yuav pib txom nyem los ntawm sab kev mob puas hlwb.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ntxaug ntawm kev hais lus tsis yog lub neej neeg txoj sia. Txawm li cas los, xws li ib tug pathological mob tej zaum yuav ncaj qha kev cuam tshuam rau ib tug neeg lub neej txhua hnub. Vim tus muaj zog xav li cas txog muaj ib tug kho raws nyob rau hauv cov neeg es sai sai ua nyuaj siab los yog muaj tej lwm yam kab mob. Yog li ntawd, ntxaug ntawm kev hais lus yuav tsum tau tas mus kho tau.