Fort Kronstadt. multimedia sau

Lub nroog ntawm St. Petersburg - nws yog ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no txoj kev loj neeg mus ncig tebchaws chaw. Tab sis ob peb yeej paub hais tias nws attractions nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub mainland. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau lub tsev, cathedrals, canals thiab palaces nrog chaw ua si, North capital ntawm Russia yuav khav txog thiab ancient chaw tiv thaiv. Tom qab Peter lub Great, mus tsim lub zos nyob rau hauv lub heev lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub Swedes yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntawm nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm lub hiav txwv. Uas yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv lub Gulf, nrog rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb sab, nws kom siv rau ntawm cov Islands tuaj fortresses. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, yog hais tias tus yeeb ncuab fleet lov los ntawm tus tiv thaiv ntawm cov strongholds, lawv yuav tsum tau raws li cov Kronstadt fort. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Kotlin, cia li nees nkaum kilometers ntawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub mainland, uas yog nyob rau Saint Petersburg. Cia wb mus ib virtual ncig saib ntawm lub xeem defensive Circuit Court ntawm lub nroog ntawm lub Neva.

Cov tshwm sim ntawm cov thawj fort

Kotlin Island twb hais nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm txawm ua ntej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no daim ntawv qhia ntawm St. Petersburg. "Orekhovskiy kev thaj yeeb treaty" ntawm lub kaum plaub xyoo pua, xws li ib tug ciam teb hla point ntawm lub Kingdom ntawm Sweden thiab lub Novgorod koom pheej. Tab sis tom qab peb puas xyoo cov kob tsiv mus rau cov tswv cuab ntawm lub sab qaum teb cov neeg nyob ze. Kotlin Swedes siv rau lub caij ntuj sov chaw nres tsheb lawv ships. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg 1703 Peter kuv kom los tsim kom tau ib tug fortress rau cov kob. Thaum lub sij hawm ib tug lub caij ntuj no Kotlin twb fortified khoom cuav pov toj, ncab ib ce nrog cov mainland. Thaum no tus taw tes nyob rau hauv lub Gulf ntawm Finland yog heev ntiav, thiab qhov no ua rau nws tsis yooj yim sua rau lub pas dej tauv tso cai ntawm lub loj hlab ntsha. Thaum nyob rau hauv 1704 resumed navigation, Swedes pom tias yuav tau mus rau lub Neva Bay yog tsis tau, thiab cov fort stands rau lawv kob. Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, lub fortress nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv teb chaws av twb tsa thiab tau txais lub npe Kronshlot (los ntawm gall. "Royal Palace"). Nws yog tus thawj fort. Kronstadt raws li ib tug fortress nyob tom qab. Kronshlot nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ntug dej ntawm cov kob ntawm Kotlin.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub forts thiab hauv lub nroog ntawm Kronstadt

Peter xav hais tias qhov no cheeb tsam los ua neeg nyob. Yog li ntawd, cov kob pib tsiv mus nyob rau neeg ua hauj lwm, nruab nrab hauv chav kawm ntawv thiab tub txawj tub ntse. Yuav kom txhawb tau tsiv mus nyob rau Kotlin nom tswv cajceg, Peter kuv kom los tsim kom tau nws palace ntawm no. Tu siab, qhov no taw tes ntawm kev txaus siab mus rau lub hnub tam sim no twb tsis tau fwm. Tab sis rau cov kob nws hais nyob rau hauv lub Italian A. Menshikov Palace. Nyob rau hauv 1706, nyob rau lub sab hnub poob ntawm ntug dej Kotlina ua tau redoubt Alexander-trench. Nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1723, Peter kuv pw nyob rau hauv ib tug festive cua Fort Kronstadt. Lub npe yog, dua, nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg txhais lus los ntawm Dutch txhais tau tias "muaj koob muaj npe City". By lub sij hawm no, cov kob tau ib tug ntau ntawm tsev. Tus huab tais kom hais tias ib tug tshiab fortress yuav ua voj voog ncig los ntawm kev tiv thaiv phab ntsa ntawm lub tag nrho lub nroog thiab lub shipyard. Cov kev siv ntawm lub citadel tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1747.

Yav qab teb forts ntawm Kronstadt

Fortifications lub nroog yog reconstructed ob peb lub sij hawm. Qhov no yuav tsum tau tsim rau cov tub rog technology. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv qhov ntau formidable tej zaum yeeb ncuab riam phom, lub nroog tsoom fwv rebuilt rau cov laus thiab tsa tshiab forts. Thaum lub sij hawm no, muaj cov nees-nkaum ib defensive St. Petersburg chaw. Kaum xya ntawm lawv yog nyob rau ntawm cov Islands tuaj ntawm lub Gulf ntawm Finland. Cov vysyaschiesya dej ncaj qha los ntawm lub forts ntawm Kronstadt (yees duab ntawm ib tug ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj) ua ib tug kav ntev tswv yim rau cov neeg tuaj saib. Conventionally, tag nrho cov defensive fortress yog muab faib mus rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb (nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw txheeb ze mus rau lub Kotlin kob). Nyob, raws li peb nco ntsoov, Kronshlot. Nws twb tom qab ntxiv los ntawm lwm xya forts sab qab teb: thawj thiab thib ob, Milutin, Emperor Paul kuv, roj teeb, tub huabtais Menshikov, thiab huab tais Alexander I.

Northern Forts ntawm Kronstadt

Cov fortresses twb hu ua thawj kom tau raws li tus yeeb ncuab onslaught. Lawv yog cov tseem xya. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav thaiv cov zaj ntawm cov yeeb ncuab fleet rau St. Petersburg, lawv yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nws tus kheej Kronstadt. North Fort tooj 2 yog tseem nyob rau cov kob, thaum lub lwm yam yog kev cob cog rua rau lub mainland los ntawm Kotlin thiab txoj kev loj nplhaib txoj kev. Lwm ob fortresses yog hu ua Krasnoarmeyskaya thiab Pervomayskaya.

Forts rau cov kob ntawm Kotlin

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv dag zog rau lub zos ntawm Kronstadt. Yog li ntawd, dhau li ntawm tus central citadel, encircling lub nroog, tsa koom haum pab tiv thaiv. Thawj lawv embankments (trenches). Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub offensive cov txheej txheem thiab reconstructed tiv thaiv. Rau tourists meej paj Citadel fort. Nws ua tau nyob rau hauv 1724 thiab twb renamed Peter I. kaum xyoo tom qab ntawd thaum nyob rau hauv 1808 tsov rog tsoo tawm nrog lub Swedes, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm cov kob muaj ib tug dual roj teeb, uas yog tam sim no hu ua Fort Constantine. Nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ntawm Kotlin, nyob rau hauv nti tawm, sawv Reef. Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib tug earthen redoubt 1706 Alexander nyob rau hauv lub lig thib kaum cuaj caug xyoo, lub fort ua tau Schantz. Kronstadt thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog, nrog rau cov haujlwm shelled German rog entrenched nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntug dej ntawm lub Gulf - los ntawm Zelenogorsk rau Beloostrov.

Excursions nyob rau hauv Kronstadt

Nyob rau Kotlin Island, uas yog tam sim no nyob, yuav tsum mus txog ntawm txoj kev thiab los ntawm ib tug underground qhov. Tam sim no lub nroog-fort Kronstadt los ua ib tug koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm St. Petersburg. Fortifications rau cov kob ntawm Kotlin mus saib thiab ua rau koj tus kheej. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv neeg pluag mob vim nquag dej nyab. Mus tshawb cov forts ntawm lub sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb sab, koj yuav tsum coj ib lub nkoj ncig saib. Cov ncig saib nyob rau hauv katerke tours yog ua tau tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm lub warmer lub hlis. Excursions tawm los ntawm Fort Constantine. Tab sis tourists tsis txhob mus nyob tim ntug dej mus tshawb cov kob lub chaw tiv thaiv.