Dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab mob cancer." Moral: rooj plaub yuav tsum tau ua ua ke

Muaj I. Krylov lub dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab mob cancer." Moral tsis tau yuav tsis muab suav hais tias. Cia peb nco ntsoov cov niaj hnub tsheb tuam. Tshiab rooj zaum yuav ib tug txiv neej thiab ua rau coj nws mus rau hauv lub chav tsev. Daig rau lub rooj zaum - tej nuj nqis rau pem hauv ntej los yog rov qab. Kuv nug ib tug neeg nyob ze rau pab site. Nws zoo siab hlo coj. Tam sim no rub ua ke. Lawv sim ua neeg abut, es nqus zaum ob, hws pouring down lawg - raws li zoo raws li lub rooj zaum yog zoo tsim nyog nws. Thaum kawg couch Xib Hwb hais tias: "Txhua yam. Txaus. Kuv xav tias peb twb tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv lub chav tsev. " Assistant bewildered lo lus nug: "Yog li ntawd, peb yuav ua rau nws?!" Tseem heev tshuaj pleev dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab mob cancer." Morale nyob rau hauv lub XXI xyoo pua nws yog li yam li nyob rau hauv lub XIX.

Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo fables

Ntau tshaj ob puas fables sau ironic txawj sau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub caij ntawm cov hav zoov thiab lub neej, nws muaj peev xwm mus saib tau tus folly thiab thuam nws. Yog hais tias koj thov kom passer-by rau ntawm txoj kev, yog dab tsi lub dab neeg IA Krylov nws nco qab ntsoov, nws tsis yig mus rau npe rau ob peb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nco qab hais tias muaj yog tseem muaj ib tug dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab mob cancer." Cov kev ncaj ncees, yog tias peb thov, peb sai thim. Qhov no Lavxias teb sab classic kub nyiaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, qhov no yog qhov Faina Ranevskaya uas gnomic thiab meej, nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus, yog tau muab tso rau hauv qhia tau tias ntawm ib tug neeg lub boastfulness, etc. Qhov no yog thiab neeg tuag thaum ntxov Leonid Filatov. Thiab yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam aphorisms thiab epigrams sau Valentin Gaft! Tsis txhais ua Lavxias teb sab lub ntiaj teb neeg uas yuav pom ib tug txawv foundations rau cov txheej xwm.

Yuav ua li cas mus pib sau ci ntsa iab fabulist?

Kuv tsis tam sim ntawd nrhiav ib hom ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv uas nws yuav tsis muaj sib npaug, IA Krylov. Xub thawj nws sau tau cov libretto ntawm lub opera, qee, comedy - plays. Nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov comedies nws ua lub cim tseem ceeb (nyob rau hauv lwm lub npe, ntawm chav kawm, tab sis nws yog tseeb rau contemporaries) npe nrov txawj sau ntawv JB Knyazhnin. Nyob rau hauv comedy lub protagonist yog qhia nrog irony. Qhov no nyob thiab funny tas luav daim ntawv loj loj puas tau sib cav nrog tus playwright. Krylov yog ib tug hai los mus rau luam tawm ib tug satirical magazine, thiab nws txuas ntxiv mus sau plays, tsab ntawv, pamphlets. Tsis paub hais tias, thaj, nws tau sau ib phau ntawv sau kev.

concoction

Nyob rau hauv 36 xyoo Krylov nyob rau hauv Moscow tsom fabulist II Dmitriev translations ntawm La Fontaine lub fables. Muaj tsuas yog ob tug, tab sis Ivan Krylov txhawb kev txaus siab rau qhov no ib hom ntawv nyeem, hais tias nws tau thaum kawg pom nws cov kev taw qhia. Ivan Andreyevich yog ib tug zoo connoisseur ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog inclined rau ridicule thiab kho siab heev thiab allegorical retelling ancient dab neeg. Xwm tsim nws sau lus ntsuag, thiab nws tau luam tawm peb witty tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1906, rov qab sau satirical plays thiab mus rau ib tug comedy nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub. Thaum kawg nyob rau hauv 1808 nws tau mus rau nias kaum xya thawj fables. Cov nram qab no xyoo luam tawm ib tug ntim uas muaj nees nkaum peb fables. Nws tau txais zoo-deserved zoo nrog nws cov contemporaries, uas yuav mus txuas ntxiv los nrog nws los ntawm lub neej. Dua li ntawm qhov kev thuam, NA Zhukovsky, lub nyeem pej xeem tau paub Krylov thawj, qhov txawv los ntawm lwm phau ntawv sau cov nuj nqis ntawm tej txuj ci. Nws tej hauj lwm twb tsis random sketches kev tshoov siab. Nws ua tib zoo ua hauj lwm nyob rau txhua txhua dab neeg, tsaug xav txog txhua txhua lo lus thiab nthuav dav. Nws nrhiav kom maximize luv luv thiab aphoristic, ua tib zoo ua kom lub apt lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Lecturing nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub dab neeg ua tib zoo yog li ntawd lawv sai sai mus rau hauv lub paj lug.

nom tswv uas siv

Nyob rau hauv 1814, lub dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab Cancer" twb sau, uas morality yog muab nyob rau hauv thawj tercet. Nws twb mob siab rau lub fact tias cov Lavxias teb sab pej xeem yog khaus los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Alexander kuv, tus phoojywg tom qab tsov rog nyob rau hauv '12. Cov dab neeg twb sau nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm cov Congress of Vienna, uas coj qhov chaw tom qab on, heev maj mam, yuav luag cuaj lub hlis nyob rau hauv dancing thiab Lom Zem, defining rau ib thaj tsam ntawm lwm yam European lub teb chaws. Muaj lwm cov kev xaiv. Nws qhia tau hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm lub Xeev Council. Yuav ua li cas ntse satire nyob rau tam sim no lub xeev dab tsi qhov nyuag sau ntawv contemporaries fabulist. Niaj hnub no, nws tsis yog politically mus nyeem cov dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab mob cancer." Morale, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog nyob rau lub tsev neeg theem. Tab sis nws yuav tsum nyeem raws li ib tug ntse thiab politically tshuaj pleev.

Krylov lub dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, Pike thiab mob cancer"

Qhov no ua hauj lwm twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1816 nyob rau hauv phau ntawv "Tshiab ntsuag." Muaj kaum ob kab. Muaj peb cim - ib tug noog, ib tug ntses thiab Arthropod. Lawv yuav tsum mus nqa ib lub tawb nqa khoom nrog ib tug me ntsis hnab nqa taug kev. Nws yog tsis hnyav. Txhua yam yuav tsum mus sai sai thiab zoo. Txhua nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev nws nws zoo tshaj plaws. Thiab LEEJ TWG tsis txav. Cov teeb meem yog hais tias lub Swan soars nyob rau hauv lub ntuj. Thiab nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev uas nws tsis tau. Cancer yog mus raws li nws yuav tsum Raku - rov qab. Qhov thib peb tus phooj ywg, Pike, ntawm chav kawm, yog hais mus rau cov dej. Yuav ua li cas yog tus cuj pwm ntawm cov dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, cancer thiab pike?". Tus sau yog tsis nrhiav kev los liam. Nws hais tias meej meej hais tias lawv tsis txiav txim rau peb. Thiab hais tias LEEJ TWG, raws li teev nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw, zoo tsim nyog nws, nws yog vim hais tias cov ua yuav tsum tau ua li qhia siv kuj, raws li ib tug tib txoj kev npaj. Thiab kuv xav tau ib tug thawj, ib tug neeg yuav mloog txhua leej txhua. Thiab yog hais tias txhua leej txhua tus yuav ua ib yam dab tsi rau lawv tus kheej kev txiav txim, ces tsis muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Raws li nws tshwm sim nrog cov peb unfortunates. Xws li yog lub neej thiab yooj yim ncaj ncees dab neeg "Lub os dej dawb, cancer thiab pike."