Cov kws sau paj lug Dzhordzh Bayron: biography thiab tej hauj lwm

Dzhordzh Bayron, yees duab thiab biography uas koj yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, yog tabtom xam tau tias yog ib tug zoo kawg English kws sau paj lug. Xyoo ntawm nws lub neej - 1788-1824. Nrog lub era ntawm Romanticism yog inextricably txuas creativity George Byron. Nco ntsoov tias Romanticism sawv nyob rau hauv lub lig 18th - thaum ntxov 19th caug xyoo nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe. Qhov no qauv nyob rau hauv kos duab sawv raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov Fabkis kiv puag ncig thiab lub Enlightenment, txuam nrog nws.

Romanticism Byron

Cov neeg uas tau sim xav progressively, twb tsis zoo siab nrog lub sij hawm ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txoj cai cov lus teb tau raug kho kom zoo. Romance raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm no faib ua ob opposing camps. Ib txhia hu ua rau cov haiv neeg rov qab mus rau lub yawg suab txoj kev ntawm lub neej, rau kab lig kev cai ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog, mus tso tseg rau qhov kev daws ntawm ceev teeb meem. Lwm tus hu ua rau lub continuation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub Fabkis kiv puag ncig. Lawv nrhiav ua kom lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ywj pheej, koob pheej ntawm lawv thiab fraternity. Dzhordzh Bayron koom rau lawv. Nqa tawm los ntawm lub British tsoom fwv colonial txoj cai, nws sharply cem. Byron hais tiv thaiv cov me nyuam ntawm cov anti-neeg kev cai thiab oppressive. Qhov no nws tshwm sim los zoo tsis txaus siab nrog rau tsoom fwv.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv exile

Nyob rau hauv 1816, lub kws sau paj lug pib tiv thaiv hostile phiaj los nqis tes. Nws yuav tsum tau mus tas li tawm nws cov haiv neeg hais. Ib exile nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv teb chaws lub teb chaws nquag koom nyob rau hauv lub nriaj ntawm lub Greek thiab Italian Carbonari rebels rau kev ywj pheej. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias A. Pushkin xam tau tias yog lub hauv paus rau lub kws sau paj lug-ntxeev siab. Cov Englishman enjoyed zoo muaj koob meej ntawm lub Decembrists. Belinsky, ib tug zoo heev Lavxias teb sab critic, kuj tsis dhau nws cov xim. Hais txog Byron nws hais raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug, uas ua ib tug zoo pab rau lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Koj puas xav kom tau los paub nws zoo? Peb xav kom los nyeem ib ncauj lus kom ntxaws biography ntawm Byron.

Keeb kwm Byron

Nws yug los nyob rau hauv London on Lub ib hlis ntuj 22, 1788 Nws keeb kwm yog high school los ntawm ob lub txiv thiab leej niam lub sab. Thiab Dzhon Bayron, thiab Ketrin Gordon tuaj los ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws aristocracy. Cuaj kaum, tus kws sau paj lug dhau thaum yau nyob rau hauv neeg txom nyem.

Qhov tseeb hais tias Dzhon Bayron, tiv thaiv tub ceev xwm (pictured saum toj no), coj ib tug heev lavish lub neej. Lub txiv ntawm cov kws sau paj lug squandered nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ob loj lub xeev uas mus rau nws los ntawm tus thawj thiab los ntawm lub thib ob tus poj niam, tus me nyuam tub niam. John tus thawj kev sib yuav yog tus ntxhais ntawm Augustus. Nws raug coj mus los ntawm kuv pog, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1804 pib ua phooj ywg nrog stepbrother.

kiag

Cov niam txiv sai sai tom qab yug me nyuam ntawm George dispersed. Cov txiv mus rau Fabkis thiab tuag muaj. Nyob rau hauv lub Scottish nroog ntawm Aberdeen coj qhov chaw thaum ntxov thaum yau yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug. Ntawm no nws kawm ntawm tus qauv sau ntawv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Thaum kawg ntawm lub peb qib lo lus tuaj ntawm teb chaws Askiv zoo-tus txiv ntxawm George tuag. Yog li ntawd Byron tau txais lub npe ntawm Tswv tsiv thiab Newstead Abbey - Patrimony, nyob rau hauv Nottingham County.

Thiab lub tsev fuabtais thiab cov qub txeeg qub tes yog nyob rau hauv disrepair. Nyiaj rau lawv restoration yog tsis txaus. Yog li ntawd, leej niam ntawm George Byron txiav txim siab mus xauj Newstead Abbey. Nws tus kheej, nrog rau nws tus tub nyob Southwell nyob ze.

Hais tias clouded nws thaum yau thiab cov hluas Byron?

Childhood thiab tiav hluas Byron clouded tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug tsis muaj nyiaj. Qhov tseeb hais tias George yog neeg ceg tawv los ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Cov kws kho mob yees ntau yam pab kiag li lawm kom paub daws nrog ib tug ceg tawv, tiam sis nws tsis dhau. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias Byron niam yog tsis ruaj tsis khov ua cim. Nws reproached tus tub nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub ntawm ib tug cav hais tias ib tug lub cev xiam oob khab uas tau tshwm sim los sib sib zog nqus kev txom nyem rau tus tub hluas.

Kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv harrow

George nyob rau hauv 1801, nws nkag mus hauv lub nce tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv harrow. Nws yog tsim los rau cov me nyuam ntawm noble yug. Ntawm no yog peb npaj rau yav tom ntej diplomats thiab politicians. Robert Peel, uas tom qab ua sab hauv minister thiab tom qab ntawd prime minister of England, kawm nyob rau hauv tib lub chav kawm ntawv nrog xws li ib tug zoo kawg kws sau paj lug George Gordon Byron. Biography ntawm peb hero mus rau cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej lub neej.

thawj zaug kev hlub

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15, nyob rau hauv 1803, Byron poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Mary Chavort. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm cov hnub caiv. Nws yog laus tshaj George rau 2 xyoos. Ua ke, lawv siv sij hawm ntau npaum. Txawm li cas los, qhov no kev phooj ywg yog tsis mus xaus nyob rau hauv sib yuav. Kev Hlub Mary lub xyoo quaj los kuamuag vim romantic ntsuj plig ntawm lub kws sau paj lug Dzhordzh Gordon Byron. Luv luv biography mus nyob rau piav qhia txog nws tus tub kawm ntawv lub xyoo, George.

studentship

Tus tub hluas nyob rau hauv 1805 nws los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau ntawm lub Cambridge University. Txoj kev kawm lub sij hawm nws yog ib lub sij hawm ntawm mischief, kev lom zem thiab kev lom zem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, George yog fond ntawm kev ua si. Nws twb koom nyob rau hauv boxing, ua luam dej, fencing, nees caij. Nws mus ua ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws swimmers nyob rau hauv ces Dzhordzh Bayron. Nthuav lus tseeb hais txog nws, tsis yog nws? Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog xav nyob rau hauv kev nyeem ntawv. Tsis ntev, ntau pib mus pom hais tias Byron kawg li nco. Nws muaj peev xwm cim cov ntawv nyeem ntawm tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv.

Tus thawj collections ntawm cov kwv huam

Cov txiv neej luam tawm thawj sau los ntawm cov kwv huam, thaum tseem muaj ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, nyob rau hauv 1806. Nws hu ua nws phau ntawv "Tuag sketches." Ib xyoo tom qab ntawd muaj ib tug thib ob sau los ntawm "Kwv huam rau hauv ob peb lub sij hawm ntawd" thiab lub thib peb - "Sij hawm leisure."

"British bards," Dzhordzh Bayron

Luv luv biography thiab qhia cov txawj nyeem ntawv mus rau lub teeb meem ces yuav tsum yog li thoob plaws nws lub neej txoj kev taug kev mus. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv journal "Edinburgh Review" nyob rau hauv 1808 ib tug anonymous xyuas. Nws mercilessly luag thuam tsis paub hais tias tej hauj lwm ntawm Byron. Nws sau hais tias nws tsis hais lus cov lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem thiab qhia nws qhia cov paj huam, tsis txhob luam tawm clumsy verses. Dzhordzh Bayron nyob rau hauv lub teb, muab nyob rau hauv 1809 zaj paj huam "Lub British bards." cov khoom yog ib tug lossis loj kev vam meej. Paj Huam tiv thaiv plaub tshooj.

Lub ob-xyoo lus uas tau ua Dzhordzh Bayron

Luv luv biography ntawm nws cim ib tug ob-xyoo taug nyob rau hauv uas Byron tau mus rau lub xaus ntawm 1809 nws tiav lawm thaum lub sij hawm cov paj huam hu ua "Nyob rau hauv lub footsteps ntawm Horace", thiab tsim ib tug poetic mus txawv tebchaws sau ntawv. Mus ncig teb chaws heev pab cov kev loj hlob ntawm creativity thiab lub poetic txiaj ntsim ntawm Byron. Nws taug txoj kev mus pib nrog Portugal, tom qab uas George xyuas cov kob ntawm Malta, Spain, Albania, Tim Nkij teb chaws, Constantinople. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1811 Byron rov qab mus ces. Ntawm no nws kawm tau hais tias nws niam yog mob heev. Txawm li cas los, George yog nrhiav tsis tau nws ciaj sia.

"Childe Harold lub Pilgrimage"

George so nyob rau hauv Newstead thiab mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov tshiab paj huam, uas nws hu ua "Childe Harold lub Pilgrimage." Txawm li cas los, thaum ua hauj lwm tau ua tiav, tus editor Murray muab rau pem hauv ntej lub yuav tsum tau cais los ntawm tus stanzas ntawm cov paj huam, ib tug nom tswv xwm. Dzhordzh Bayron, uas nws biography ua tim khawv rau nws txoj kev hlub ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej, tsis kam redo tus ua hauj lwm.

Cov duab ntawm Childe Harold Byron embodies nta ib tug tshiab hero, uas yog nyob rau hauv irreconcilable teeb meem nrog rau cov kev ua tau yog thiab zej zog. Qhov tseeb ntawm txoj kev no ensured txoj kev vam meej ntawm cov paj huam. Nws tau raug txhais ua yuav luag tag nrho cov lus ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Tsis ntev lub npe ntawm Childe Harold tau los ua ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg lo lus. Nws yog hais txog chim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txiv neej, uas protested tiv thaiv qhov tseeb, siab phem rau nws.

Kev ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Lords

Nws txiav txim siab los mus tiv thaiv nws txoj hauj lwm, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub. Dzhordzh Bayron sai coj ib lub rooj nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Lords, uas poob mus rau lub kws sau paj lug pub. Nyob rau hauv hais tias lub sij hawm nws yog heev nrov ludditskoe Movement, yog nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov weavers tom hlab machines nyob. Lub fact tias cov automation ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau yam ntawm lawv yog sab laug yam tsis ua hauj lwm. Thiab cov neeg uas muaj kev tswj kom tau nws xav tsis nyiaj ua hauj lwm. Cov neeg pom lub hauv paus ntawm kev phem nyob rau hauv lub ntos thiab pib kom lawv puas tsuaj.

Tus tsoom fwv tau txiav txim siab kom dhau ib txoj cai, raws li uas cov neeg uas muaj kev rhuav tseg cov cav tov yuav tsum raug txim mus rau txoj kev tuag. Byron ua ib tug hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Parliament mus protest tiv thaiv xws tsis yog neeg nqi. George hais tias lub xeev los tiv thaiv cov kev txaus siab ntawm cov pej xeem, thiab tsis yog ib tug ob peb monopolists. Txawm li cas los, txawm hais tias nws tawm tsam, raws li txoj cai tau txais nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1812

Muaj ces pib ib tug xav tias tsam lawv tiv thaiv lub weavers, uas pib mus rau txim kom tuag, exile rau exile, kaw. Byron tau tsis tseem aloof los ntawm cov txheej xwm, thiab luam tawm nws npau taws Ode, uas raug tus sau phau ntawv ntawm txoj cai lij choj. Kuv sau tau tias Dzhordzh Bayron muaj nyob rau hauv cov xyoo? Ib tug series ntawm romantic kwv huam tuaj ntawm nws cwj mem. Qhia peb luv luv txog lawv.

"Eastern paj huam"

Dzhordzh Bayron nyob rau hauv 1813 nws tau tsim ib tug series ntawm romantic kwv huam. Nyob rau hauv 1813, muaj "Giaour" thiab "Bride ntawm Abydos," nyob rau hauv 1814 - "Lara" thiab "Le Corsaire", nyob rau hauv 1816 - "Lub Siege Kaulithaus." Nyob rau hauv lub ntaub ntawv uas lawv hu ua "East paj huam."

Ib tug ua tsis tau tejyam sib yuav

English kws sau paj lug Dzhordzh Bayron nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1815 nws yuav Annabella Milbenk. Qhov no ntxhais tau tuaj los ntawm ib tug aristocratic yawg suab tsev neeg. Tus txij nkawm Byron txwv nws cov pej xeem ua ub no, kom meej meej tsis tooj mus rau tsoom fwv tus nqi. Cov tsev neeg raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug sib cav sib ceg sawv.

Qhov ob peb nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1815 muaj ib tug ntxhais uas twb muaj npe Adoy Avgustoy. Thiab nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1816 nws tus poj niam tshuav Byron tsis muaj kev tshab txhais txog. Nws niam nws txiv sai li sai tau pib txoj kev sib nrauj sib hais plaub ntug. Byron ntawm lub sij hawm no tsim ib co hauj lwm rau siab ua Napoleon, uas qhia txog txoj kev saib hais tias, Mikha-ee ntaus rog tawm tsam Bonaparte, England coj nws cov neeg ib tug ntau ntawm kev tu siab.

Byron tshuav hais

Kev sib nrauj thiab cov "tsis yog" kev nom kev tswv views coj mus rau hais tias cov kws sau paj lug pib w. Nqi ntawv xov xwm tau inflated mus xws li ib twg scandal uas Byron yuav tsis cia li tawm mus rau hauv txoj kev. Nws tshuav tsev Plaub Hlis Ntuj 26, 1816 thiab yeej tsis rov qab mus rau hais. Qhov kawg zaj paj huam sau nyob rau hauv lawv haiv neeg pawg neeg thaj av, twb "stanzas rau Augusta", nplooj siab mus rau lub ib nrab-muam ntawm Byron, uas yog ib tug them nyiaj yug rau nws tag nrho lub sij hawm no thiab txaus siab rau George tswv yim ntsuj plig.

Swiss lub sij hawm

Ua ntej, Byron xav mus nyob rau hauv Fabkis, thiab ces nyob rau hauv ltalis. Txawm li cas los, lub Fabkis tub ceev xwm forbade nws mus nyob rau hauv lub zos, uas cia li tsav tsheb los ntawm lub teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, George mus rau Switzerland. Nws tswm lub pas dej Geneva, lub Villa Diodati. Nyob rau hauv Switzerland, nws tau ntsib thiab ua phooj ywg nrog Shelley. lub sij hawm ntawm chaw nyob nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws - los ntawm Tej zaum mus rau Lub kaum hli ntuj 1816 Thaum lub sij hawm no twb tsim lub paj huam "tsaus", "npau suav", "Lub Raug Kaw Nkuaj ntawm Chillon". Ntxiv mus, Byron pib sau lwm zaj paj huam "Manfred" thiab tsim peb Canto ntawm "Childe Harold." Tom qab ntawd, nws mus rau Venice.

Kawm paub txog Guiccioli, koom nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm tus Carbonari

Ntawm no nws los ua cuab kav nrog Countess Guiccioli nyob rau hauv uas Byron poob rau hauv kev hlub. Tus poj niam twb sib yuav, tab sis nws hais tias lub kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv rov qab. Cuaj kaum, tus Countess sai tau mus rau Ravenna nrog nws tus txiv.

Yog li ntawd, kuv txiav txim siab tsiv tom qab nws tus hlub nyob rau hauv Ravenna. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1819. Ntawm no nws yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm tus Carbonari, uas nyob rau hauv 1821 pib npaj rau lub uprising. Txawm li cas los, nws twb tsis tau pib, vim hais tias ib co mej zeej ntawm lub koom haum twb traitors.

Hloov mus rau Pisa

Nyob rau hauv 1821 Dzhordzh Gordon tsiv mus rau Pisa. Ntawm no nws nyob nrog lub Countess Guiccioli, twb sib nrauj. Shelley kuj nyob rau hauv lub nroog, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm 1822 nws tuag coob heev. Byron los ntawm 1821 mus 1823, tsim cov nram qab no tej hauj lwm: "Marino Faliero", "Sardanapalus", "Lub Ob Foscari," "Saum ntuj ceeb tsheej thiab lub ntiaj teb", "Ka-ees", "Werner". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws pib nws ua yeeb yam hu ua "hloov freak", uas tseem tsis tiav.

Byron tsim lub npe nrov "Don Giovanni" nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1818 mus 1823. Qhov no zoo kawg ua hauj lwm, Txawm li cas los, kuj tshuav tsis tiav. George tu ncua nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav koom nyob rau hauv lub tawm tsam rau lub ywj pheej ntawm cov neeg Greek.

Kev Koom Tes nyob rau hauv lub tawm tsam rau lub ywj pheej ntawm cov neeg Greek

Byron lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1822 nws tau tsiv mus rau Genoa, thiab ces sab laug rau Missolongi (nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1823). Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv tim Nkij teb chaws, raws li tau zoo raws li ntawm lub Italian Carbonari, cov tsis muaj kev sib sau ntawm cov rebels muaj cai. Byron siv ib tug ntau ntawm kev rau siab ua mus rally lub rebels. George siv ntau lub koom haum ua hauj lwm, sim los tsim ib tug tib ntxeev siab pab tub rog. Heev tense nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog tus kws sau paj lug lub neej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws muaj ib tug mob khaub thuas. Byron sau nyob rau hnub ntawm nws 36th hnub yug paj huam, hu ua "Niaj hnub no, kuv yog 36 xyoo."

Cov kev tuag ntawm Byron

Nws yog heev chim vim ntawm tus mob ntawm Ada, nws tus ntxhais. Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los, Byron tau txais ib tsab ntawv nrog ib cov lus hais tias nws twb kho tau zoo. George mus nquam paj nquam nruas, mounted nws tus nees thiab mus rau ib tug taug kev. Txawm li cas los, hnyav nag pib, uas ua kom neeg tuag taus rau ib tug txias kws sau paj lug. George Byron lub neej twb txiav luv luv Plaub Hlis Ntuj 19, 1824.

Byron muaj ib tug yawm cawv rau lub ntiaj teb no cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Muaj txawm tias ib tug tseem tshiab sib hu ua "Byronism" uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Lermontov thiab Pushkin. Raws li rau Western teb chaws Europe, tus ntawm cov kws sau paj lug muaj Genrih Geyne, Viktor Gyugo, Adas Mitskevich. Ntxiv mus, Byron lub paj huam tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov suab paj nruas ua hauj lwm Roberta Shumana, Hector Berlioz thiab Petra Chaykovskogo. Yuav kom qhov no hnub twg, nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem yog cov nyhuv ntawm xws li ib tug kws sau paj lug George Byron. Biography thiab creativity ntawm nws kev txaus siab rau ntau soj ntsuam ntawm.