Collective numerals (ua piv txwv). Yuav ua li cas yog lub collective numerals

Collective numerals, piv txwv uas yog lossi pom nyob rau hauv txhua hnub hais lus, tsis yog siv nyob rau hauv ua lag ua luam ntaub ntawv. Thiab cov tswvyim no yog txheeb ze. Tom qab tag nrho cov, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, collective numerals - nws yog ib tug tej yam zoo ntawm kom muaj nuj nqis. Tab sis qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntswg ua ib ke.

Yuav ua li cas lub collective numerals?

Txhua feem ntawm kev hais lus plays ib tug tej yam luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kab lus. Txawm li cas los, collective thiab cardinal xov tooj qhia yuav luag tib yam. Tab sis lawv siv yog ib tug tseem ceeb sib txawv. Collective numerals qhia tus neeg uas tshwm sim los rau lawv dua substantivization. Piv txwv li: "Leej twg yog peb hais mav? Yeej no peb cov tub hluas tau kawm heev, vim hais tias lawv raug tua nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov TV series! "Los ntawm lub ntsiab lus teb nws yog tseeb hais tias peb yuav sib tham txog cov hais mav nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov peb cov neeg. Yog li, cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi lub collective numerals, lub nram qab no: qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus, uas qhia rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib qho kev koom txoos ntawm cov neeg. Tab sis yuav siv lawv nyob rau hauv relation mus rau cov tsiaj tsis yooj yim sua.

collective numerals

Piv txwv li nqe lus raws li "tus ob neeg ua hauj lwm", "tsib cov me nyuam" los yog "ob tug hluas" qhia tsis yog lub xov tooj los yog kev txiav txim ntawm daim qhia. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov kab zauv sawv cev ib pab pawg neeg ntawm ib co tib neeg. Ib tug interesting tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab tus nab npawj (collective) yog ib tug raug kaw, uas tsis yog-tsim, lub tseem muaj sia nyob pab pawg neeg ntawm cov lo lus. Qhov no kab lus yuav tsum tau to taub raws li nram no: cov lus yog lossi hloov thiab tsim. Txawm li cas los, qhov no ceg ntawm nws tseem unchanged, ceev cov tsoos keeb kwm tsos.

Group collective numerals

1. Ib tug tshwj xeeb cov khoom yog tseem ceeb tus nab npawj ob (ob leeg). Nyob rau nws yuav tsum tau tham nyias.
2. Raws li cov kev kawm ntawv txoj kev paub qhov txawv cov lo lus "ob" thiab "peb". Lawv cov hauv paus hniav - lawv coj cardinal xov tooj ob thiab peb. Lawv tsim nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov tom qab -s.
3. Dav pab pawg neeg muaj sau numerals plaub, tsib thiab thiaj li nyob, mus txog kaum. Lawv tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv lub suffix -er- thiab xaus -o.

Parlance nyob rau hauv lub sau numerals pab pawg neeg

Cov kev siv ntawm tej chaw ntawm loj tus xov tooj yuav tsum raug xa mus rau colloquially, tab sis yog tso mus tag nrho ntawm lawv lub neej yog ib qho li txoj cai ntawm imprudent. Tej zaum koj yuav nrhiav tau txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv tseeb xws collective numerals. Piv txwv li nqe lus muaj nyob rau hauv Lavrenev tshiab "Tus Plaub caug-Thawj", qhov twg lub cim tseem ceeb - ib tug ntxhais ntawm cov neeg - yog nyeem ntawv nws tus kheej kwv huam. Kaj thiab picturesque hlua "Dvadtsatero lub steppe ploj mus" - hais tias nws qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv ntau parlance collective numerals yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg uas muab tau los ntawm tus thawj teb xov tooj, tab sis kuj los ntawm lub loj. Tsim lawv nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, piv txwv li, los ntawm kev ntxiv lub suffix - er - thiab kawg - ntawm.

Hloov collective numerals rau cov tub los ntxhais, xov tooj thiab cov ntaub ntawv

Rau kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv ib tug twv kom hloov cov lus. Raws li zoo raws li ntau, collective numerals tsis muaj tus naj npawb thiab yog txivneej los pojniam. Qhov kos nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim yog lo lus "ob" vim hais tias nws yuav ua tau hais txog poj niam daim ntawv - "ob". Tiam sis ntawm no nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob sib txawv tag nrho cov collective numerals. piv txwv:

1. Oh, qhov no yog ib tug zoo kawg txuj ci tseem ceeb thaum ob tug lovers muab hlub rau txhua tus lwm yam, ua tau ib lub tsev neeg, muab yug thiab tsa cov me nyuam! (Nominative cov ntaub ntawv).
2. Txoj kev hlub daim duab peb sab yuav siv sij hawm nws lub npe precisely vim hais tias kev sib raug zoo cuag peb-hlub neeg, tsis yog ob tug. (Accusative).
3. Xya hais mav tsis tau rov qab mus rau lawv niam lawv txiv - lawv tshuab mus los ntawm ib tug kuv nyob rau hauv thawj zaug tsov rog. (Dative).

Declination ntawm lo lus "ob" thiab "peb"

Collective numerals nrog npe - xws li "ob tug hluas" thiab "peb cov tub hluas" - hloov rau tus neeg mob raws li zoo raws li lub full version ntawm lub adjectives nyob rau hauv lub mos, sawv nyob rau hauv lub plural. Piv txwv li:

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov ob tug hluas (R. n.) Muaj tsuas yog ib qho khoom ua si, quarrels sawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv yeej tsis. Cov ob cov me nyuam (D. n.) Yog li ntawd, nyiam nrog txhua lwm yam uas zoo nkaus li dawb khib lawv kev phooj ywg tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig nws tus kheej. Pom cov ob hais mav (VP.), Enthusiastically ua si rau cov tib qho khoom ua si, cov neeg laus feem ntau xav txog txawm peb nyob txoj cai nyob rau hauv lawv cov neeg laus ntiaj teb no? Starushki tib admired nrog xav dvoimi cov me nyuam (T. f.), Uas yog suab tsis cais ntawm txhua lub caij. Ib tug hauv zos gossips gossiping txog cov ob tug hluas (P. p.), Inventing kwv dab neeg ntawm lawv cov keeb kwm.

Declination ntawm lo lus "plaub", "tsib" thiab thiaj li nyob

Tag nrho lwm cov quantitative thiab collective numerals yuav tsum tau hloov rau tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov chaw ntau tshaj. Thaum no cov txheej txheem kis tau los ntawm cov khoom version. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias cov qhia ntau txog nyob rau hauv cov collective numerals sawv nyob rau hauv oblique mob, yeej ib txwm poob rau qhov xaus. Peb tsis yeem qhia "cov plaub hu nkauj":

IP -. Plaub singers.

P. n -. Plaub singers.

D. n -. Plaub singers.

V. p -. Plaub singers.

T. n -. Cov plaub singers.

P. n -. Plaub singers.

Collective tus nab npawj ob (ob leeg)

Lo lus no sawv tawm, vim hais tias nws nruab nrab yog cov kev txiav txim zoo ntawm tsis tsuas yog ob tug neeg, tab sis ib tug ob peb tswg khoom. Tus so ntawm lub collective numerals yuav txhais ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg nkaus xwb, uas yog, cov neeg, los yog tswg beings muaj ib tug tib neeg lub ntsej muag, piv txwv li, tuag. Koj yuav tsum tau paub dab tsi lub collective numerals li "ob" tej zaum yuav ua ke nrog ib tug poj niam tus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "ob leeg." Vail cov lus raws li zoo raws li lub collective numerals "ob", "peb", uas yog zoo li ib tug tag nrho cov chaw ntau tshaj ib tus mos mos xaiv: ob ob (. I. n), ob leeg ntawm ob (. R n), ob leeg , ob qho tib si (D. n.), ob leeg ntawm ob (C. n.), ob leeg, ob leeg (T. n.), ob leeg ntawm ob (P. p.).

Hais lus kom raug txuam nrog kev siv ntawm cov lo lus "ob"

1. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tham cai muab los ntawm lo lus "ob" noun "wallpaper". Ntawm no, ib tug phem dag ua si los ntawm cov kev zoo sib thooj ntawm lawv constituent cov tsiaj ntawv. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, xav txog lub pog tau qhia hais tias ob qho tag nrho nws cov tub xeeb ntxwv rov qab mus tsev "wallpaper tsev, tuaj sai sai!". Nws tus ntxhais tuav nws yuav yooj yim muab siv ua qhov tseeb hais tias lwm tus neeg yuav lub tapestry kho thiab muab tso rau lawv nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev.
2. Feem ntau cov neeg siv ib daim ntawv ntawm "ob" nyob rau hauv lub oblique mob nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog npe denoting neeg los yog tej yam hais txog poj niam, es tsis txhob muab khaws tseg rau hauv lub tus nab npawj "ob". Piv txwv li, tsis ncaj ncees lawm yuav tsum hais tias: "Nws muaj bracelets rau ob txhais tes, thiab ib ncig thiab ib ncig studded nrog tag nrho cov ntiv tes." Es tsis txhob, hais lus thiab sau ntawv li no: "Nws muaj bracelets rau ob txhais tes, thiab ib ncig thiab ib ncig studded nrog tag nrho cov ntiv tes."

siv

Collective numerals yog siv tsawg heev tshaj ntau. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias lawv yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog ib tug ntau nqaim ntau yam ntawm npe.

1. Lo lus "ob", "peb", "plaub" thiab li ntawd on raug siv nrog tswg nouns, uas muaj nyob rau hauv nws lub plural, piv txwv li, ob txiab, ncais, peb, plaub hnub. "Ua ib tug tsim nyog kws caws plaub hau kws, Tatiana yuav tsis txaus siab rau lawv cov qub tsev neeg cov cuab yeej, nws yuav tsum tau urgently tau ob zoo kev txiab."
2. Collective numerals yog siv nyob rau hauv ua ke, nyob qhov twg lub noun yog ib tug neeg ntawm cov txiv neej nrog txiv neej pw, piv txwv li, lub tsib comrades, ob tug txiv neej. "Ob tug txiv neej, hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv tib yam ntev tsaus tsho tiv no thiab ntoo phuam qhwv mus txog rau lub qhov ntswg, dhau ib tug hasty kauj ruam, lossi rov ntsia tom qab."
3. Koj muaj peev xwm siv collective numerals nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub pab pawg neeg, uas muaj xws li cov neeg, cov txiv neej thiab poj niam. Piv txwv li: "Nws muaj ob tug me nyuam: ib tug ntxhais thiab ib tug me nyuam tub."
4. Tej zaum collective numerals yog siv nrog tus kheej tej lus, sawv nyob rau hauv lub plural: "Peb muaj tsib ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev thaum mam li nco dheev los ua kiag li tsaus ntuj nti, hauv pem teb pib tshee nyob rau hauv lawv ko taw thiab pib ntxias kom zoo li ib tug lawj ntawm lub nkoj, thiab cov phau ntawv thiab souvenirs, sawv nyob rau hauv lub rhawv, nrog lub suab nrov rained cia ". "Muaj plaub xwb ntawm lawv. Tab sis nrog lawv, nrog rau tag nrho plaub, peb lub tuam txhab tau muaj peev xwm mus daws yooj yim heev. " "Koj ob, peb yeej tsis muaj txaus lawm! Tsuag tsuag, tsuag tsuag mus rau lub rooj! "
5. Kev siv ntawm collective numerals tas stylistically. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog rau siv cov ntaub ntawv hom ob peb ua ke nyob rau hauv lub official hais lus - nws yog pom zoo es tsis txhob "plaub neeg ua hauj lwm" los yog "rau engineers" hais lus thiab sau ntawv "plaub ua hauj lwm", "rau engineers."

Uas tsis nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm collective numerals

1. Feem ntau cov feem ntau pom zoo li nuance misuse ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov lo lus raws li ib tug ua ke ntawm lawv nrog npe denoting maum, piv txwv li, "plaub pilgrims", "Tsib nuns", "peb poj niam me nyuam kawm ntawv." Es tsis txhob, siv cardinal xov tooj, xws li "plaub pilgrim", "tsib nuns", "peb cov tub ntxhais kawm".
2. Nws yog kiag li tsis tsim nyog rau siv cov collective numerals nrog tswg npe muaj ib zaug xwb tus xov tooj, xws li "ob yam", "peb cov ntxhuav". Qhov no yuav tsum tau, raws li nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no pawg lus, siv ib tug ua ke ntawm "ob yam", "peb cov ntxhuav".
3. Yuav tsis tau ua ke nrog collective numerals animate npe denoting tsis muaj lub ntsej muag, thiab tsiaj txhu, xws li "Peb Bears" es tsis txhob "Peb Bears", "plaub bulls" es tsis txhob "plaub bulls."

Variant ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm npe nrog ntau thiab collective numerals

Lavxias teb sab lus yog txawv los ntawm tag nrho cov lwm leej lwm tus nyob rau hauv hais tias muaj yog ib txwm xaiv uas yuav hloov tau ib leeg sib npaug qhia. Feem ntau tej zaum yuav siv nqe lus xws li npe nrog ib tug collective numerals thiab ntau. Tej substitutions yog tau nyob rau hauv cov nram no mob.

1. Nyob rau hauv sib tham txog cov neeg ntawm cov txiv neej tso cai variability, "cov plaub tub soj xyuas" thiab "plaub nqaij npuas kib", "ob detectives" thiab "ob detectives."
2. Cov nqe lus npe denoting ib zaug xwb tus kwv, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub zoo tshaj, tsis txhob haus dej haus, thiab collective numerals (tshwj tsis yog rau "ob", "peb" thiab "plaub") yuav siv tau thiab ntau. Piv txwv li: "tsib rooj vag" - "tsib rooj vag," "Xya diav rawg" - "xya tib rab diav rawg."

Tab sis nyob rau hauv xaus nws yog tsim nyog los rov hais dua collective numerals muaj ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub vernacular, colloquial. Yog hais tias tus neeg sau aims sau ntawv nyeem zoo nkauj txawj lus yuav tsum tau zam tej nqe lus. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntawv tseeb (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm dialogues), lawv yuav pab rau ntxiv cov xim rau cov dluab ntawm lub cim, kev tus plig ntawm cov era. Kiag li tsis siv collective numerals nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab hauj has lug hab.