Chellini Benvenuto - feemxyuam Italian sculptor

Chellini Benvenuto - tus naas ej Florentine sculptor, tus sawv cev ntawm mannerism, ib tug jeweller, sau ob peb phau ntawv. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm cov yog "Lub neej ntawm Benvenuto" thiab ob tug treatises :. "Nyob rau hauv Kos duab ntawm puab" thiab "Hais txog qhov kev hniav nyiaj hniav kub" Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm koj yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm ib nyuag Phau ntawv sau txog cov Italian.

thaum yau

Chellini Benvenuto yug nyob rau hauv 1500 nyob rau hauv Florence. Txij li thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, cov me nyuam tub pib qhia txuj ci rau cov suab paj nruag. Cov txiv sim nws zoo tshaj plaws los tsim lawv nyob rau hauv lub Benvenuto, hoping nws tus tub lug tau sai dlua no profession. Tiam sis tus me Cellini tsis nyiam suab paj nruag thiab muaj ib aversion rau nws, tab sis yog, thiab tau kawm hu nkauj thiab ua si qhov sau ntawv rau lub tshuab raj nplaim. Nyob rau hauv 13 lub xyoos nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej sculptor nws los ua xav nyob rau hauv lub hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag ua luam. Benvenuto hais tias cov niam txiv yuav xa nws mus kawm ntawv rau ib tug goldsmith Bandini. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, tus tub hluas Cellini mus feem nyob rau hauv ltalis, kev kawm los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws Jewelers. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1518, nws rov qab mus rau Florence.

Jewelcrafting

Nyob rau hauv lub tsib lub xyoos ntawm txoj kev tshawb Chellini Benvenuto nws los ua ib tug tswv craftsman. Chiv, nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg hauv lub zos, tab sis tsis ntev yuav mus rau Rome. Journeyman lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog tsis zoo siab heev nrog Benvenuto, vim hais tias ib feem peb ntawm cov nyiaj uas khwv tau yuav tsum tau muab rau tus tswv tsev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nws surpassed ntau nto moo Jewelers uas profited los ntawm nws ua hauj lwm. Qhov no yuam tus tub hluas mus tsev.

tus kheej Rhiav

Chellini Benvenuto nyob rau hauv ib tug heev luv luv lub sij hawm tau tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg muas zaub. Tab sis ua hauj lwm ntsiag to jeweller tiv thaiv ib co ntawm cov txheej xwm ntawm nws kev kub ntxhov rau lub neej. Tswv yim Yim txim Benvenuto rau ib tug loj sib ntaus. Vim li no, tus tub hluas yuav tsum tau khiav hauv lub nroog, disguised raws li ib tug monk. Tab sis lub sij hawm no Cellini yog cov txhais tau tias los ntawm uas nws qhib nyob rau hauv lub capital ntawm ltalis, nws studio. Tus tub hluas ua rau nobles vases ntawm kub thiab nyiaj, minted medals rau cov kaus mom thiab rov qab tau cov gems. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Benvenuto tau mastered rau lub zus tau tej cov nyiaj muas thiab txha hniav laus kos duab. Tag nrho Rome paub nws lub npe. Cov Pope Clement VII kom los ntawm Cellini ib tug ob peb yam. Creative ua hauj lwm Benvenuto punctuated nrog quarrels, fights thiab scandals. Vindictiveness, mistrust thiab npau ntau tshaj li ib zaug yuam tus tub hluas los ua pov thawj qhov tseeb ntawm nws tus kheej nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug dagger.

hloov txoj hauj lwm

Sib ntaus luv pab Cellini nyob rau hauv 1527. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm besieged Rome German-Spanish pab tub rog. Thiab Benvenuto muab los ntawm ib tug jeweller nyob rau hauv lub tswv-gunner. Tsis pub dhau ib lub hlis, nws pab tiv thaiv cov tub rog besieged lub pope nyob rau hauv St. Angel tsev fuabtais. Qhov no lasted kom txog thaum txog thaum Clement tsis tau kos npe rau ib daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv lub swb. Rau nws heroism jeweller twb generously nqi zog.

Dissolute lub neej thiab tsev rau txim

Benvenuto Cellini, uas nws ua hauj lwm los ua lub npe hu sab nraum Ltalis, flourished nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj tswv yim ua si, tab sis tseem coj lub dissolute lub neej ntawm koj qhov nce cov yeeb ncuab. Tsis muaj ib lub plawv poj niam, sculptor mired nyob rau hauv siab hlob. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws tuaj tos ib tug "Fabkis kab mob", uas yuav luag deprived ntawm tus tswv. Nyob rau hauv 1537 thaum lub sij hawm ib tug mus txawv tebchaws los Florence, nws quaj los kuamuag vim txaus ntshai ua npaws. Tab sis qhov loj tshaj plaws tshuab uas muaj hmoo yog raug ntes. Cellini twb liam ntawm kidnapping gems thiab kub los ntawm lub papal fortress thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev tiv thaiv ib xyoo caum dhau los. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov suspicions raug muab tshem tawm, lub jeweller siv nyob rau hauv tsev rau txim rau peb lub xyoos.

Paris

Nyob rau hauv 1540, Benvenuto Cellini, uas nws sculptures yog tam sim no paub thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, tuaj mus rau Paris thiab nyob ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev hais plaub. Tus huab tais yog txaus siab heev rau lub ua tej yam ib tug tswv. Nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam cov nyiaj daim duab ntawm Jupiter, uas yog siv raws li ib tug lossis loj tswm ciab. Tab sis tsib xyoo tom qab ntawd, Cellini twb yuam kom khiav tawm hauv lub Fabkis lub tsev hais plaub vim hais tias ntawm lub intrigues thiab qhib disregard rau nws txuj ci.

Sculptures

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, Benvenuto twb koom nyob rau hauv kev ntawm marble ( "Venus thiab Cupid", "Narcissus", "Apollo thiab Hyacinth", "Ganymede") thiab chaw tsim tshuaj paus ntawm ntau yam nplua nuj khoom. Tab sis qhov tseem hlub ntawm nws sculptures, uas nws ua hauj lwm txhua txhua hnub, yog "Perseus nrog lub taub hau ntawm Medusa." Master ua rau yim xyoo. Thawj Cellini tsim ib tug ciab, thiab ces plaster qauv duab puab nyob rau hauv tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob. Thaum nws tuaj lub sij hawm rau cam khwb cia "Perseus" ntawm bronze, tus tswv dumped ua npaws. Benvenuto yog li ntawd phem uas nws pib los npaj rau txoj kev tuag. Tab sis thaum Cellini kawm qhov yuam kev ntawm apprentices, yuav luag puas pej thuam, nws txais kev cawmdim casting nyob rau hauv delirious mob thiab tsis ntev txuj ci tseem ceeb kho.

tseeb ua hauj lwm

Xeem extant ua hauj lwm ntawm lub sculptor - "Tswv Yexus Ntoo Cuam". Muaj ntau critics xav txog nws lub zoo meej tshaj plaws tswv ntawm creation. Chiv carved dawb marble daim duab Khetos (nyob puv loj) rau cov dub Ntoo Cuam tom qab tus ntoo khaub lig rau cov tombs ntawm Cellini. Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws yuav lub Duke ntawm lub Medici thiab hais rau Filis II. Nws tseem sawv ntawm lub Escorial nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Lawrence.

tsis ntev los no xyoo

Nws autobiography, "Lub neej ntawm Benvenuto," lub sculptor sau thaum nyob rau hauv ib lub sib sib zog nqus kev nyuaj siab. tsab ntawm nws cov nplooj ntawv yog tag nrho ntawm kev tsis txaus siab thiab tsis txaus siab txog ib tug tsis muaj kev nkag siab, raws li tau zoo raws li humiliation thiab txuj ci. Ib tug cais tshooj mob siab rau tus tswv ntawm greed Medici. Duke txog rau thaum xaus thiab tsis them rau tus pej thuam ntawm lub "Perseus" ua rau nws. Benvenuto Cellini tab sis tsis nco qab mus qhia rau cov txawj nyeem ntawv hais txog nws cov kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv 1558 monasticism. Tom qab ib tug ob peb xyoos nws disrobed. Nyob rau hauv 60 xyoo, lub sculptor txiav txim siab los ua raws li nws cog lus tsis nco qab lawm - Cellini sib yuav Pierre Monet, uas nws muaj yim tus me nyuam. Dua li ntawm qhov levity nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj teeb meem, Benvenuto tswj kom nws tsev neeg loj loj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws txaus siab rau cov nyiaj ob tsaub zag thiab tus poj ntsuam tus muam thiab nws tsib tus ntxhais.

Lub neej ntawm Benvenuto Cellini, tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm tas exploits thiab scandals tsoo nyob rau hauv 1571.