Antivirals

Tshuaj antiviral - tshuaj uas ua rau cov kab mob los ntawm ua kom lawv lug los yog teeb meem tseem ceeb heev functions.

Tam sim no tsim ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm xws tshuaj. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog txwv kom muab zais los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pharmacological ua thiab rau tej kev kho mob indications. Faib raws li nram no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg ua hauj antiviral: kis spectrum antiherpethetical, protivotsitomegalovirusnye, mob khaub thuas, anti-retroviral. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub npe hu cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov thawj hom tshuaj yog "ribavirin" thiab "Lamivudine". Cov tshuaj muaj txoj mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim, txog rau lub yuav txo tau ntawm nucleic acids los ntawm losis tswvyim dabtsi rau enzymes ntawm tus kab mob no. Raws li lub npe teb ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj yog heev broad thiab muaj xws li ntau DNA - thiab RNA-muaj cov kab mob uas ua rau lub PC tus syndrome, ua npaws ntawv, tus kab mob siab C, thiab AIDS.

Antiherpethetical tshuaj uas muaj los ntawm plaub cov nyiaj, uas los ntawm lawv cov morphological qauv nucleoside analog acyclovir, penciclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir. Lub ob ntau npaum ntaub ntawv yog tsaug zog. Nyob rau hauv tib neeg, lawv yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau acyclovir thiab penciclovir. Qhov no ua rau lawv nyob ze morphological thiab histological zog.

Lub mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm acyclovir yog nyob rau hauv kev sis raug zoo nrog cov kab enzymes, whereupon interrupts lawv txoj kev loj hlob phaum. Cov no txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pathogen. No sis yog muab los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov acyclovir, uas yog ib qho analog dezoksiguanedina (purine nucleoside). Feem ntau cov sensitive mus rau yeeb tshuaj yog cov herpes simplex tus kab mob no. Muaj kab mob los ntawm kab mob uas yog resistant rau cov tshuaj no. Cov nyhuv no yuav tau piav los ntawm kev siv ntawm immunosuppressive txoj kev kho. Lub mechanism ntawm kuj yog cov kev hloov ntawm tus kab mob no enzyme systems, hloov cov tseem ntawm cov tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm tej lub sijhawm yog tshuaj ntawm lwm yam pharmacological pab pawg ( "Foscarnet"). Cov me nyuam antivirals muaj xws li "Valacyclovir." High bioavailability, uas yog ntau tshaj li tsib caug feem pua ntawm cov ua zoo ib yam li cov nyhuv. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yuav tsum tau me npaum li cas txhaj koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj (thaum piv nrog "Acyclovir") mus cuag cov nyhuv.

Lub mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm penciclovir yog suab tsis txawv los ntawm cov kev npaj ntawm cov pab pawg neeg. Nws kuj tau ua txhaum lub synthesis DNKmikroorganizma. Txawm li cas los, nws txawv nyob rau hauv uas lom zem ntau muaj feem xyuam rau cov Varicella-Zoster tus kab mob no (VZV).

Los ntawm protivomegalovirusnym tshuaj muaj xws li "Ganciclovir", "Valganciclovir", "Foscarnet", "Cidofovir", "Fomiversen". Lawv muaj ib tug es nyuab mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, uas yuav muaj kev sib tw inhibition ntawm cov DNA polymerase ntawm lub microorganism. Cov tshwm sim ntawm no sis yog tus contravention ntawm elongation ntawm cov DNA saw uas ua rau yus nws txoj kev tuag. Feem ntau cov tshuaj antiviral uas tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm cytomegalovirus kab mob - nws txhais tau hais no pharmacological pab pawg neeg. Txawm li cas los, tom qab lub caij nyoog siv tshuaj kuj yuav tsim, uas dog dig thiaj li ntau yam ntawm lawv cov kev siv.

Tshuaj antiviral yuav muaj ib tug ncaj qha feem nyob rau human immunodeficiency virus. Yog li ntawd, ib co pharmaceuticals, uas muaj ib tug zoo xws li cov txiav txim, ua ke antiretroviral pab pawg neeg. Lawv tag nrho cov muaj ib tug complex mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim yog txuam nrog rau txhaws ntawm enzyme systems ntawm tus kab mob, nws replication txhaum.