Yuav ua li cas yog monotheism thiab yuav ua li cas nws nyob?

Nyob rau hauv hnub no lub ntiaj teb no muaj ntau li ntau hom kev ntseeg qhuas, kev cai, mystical thiab philosophical cov tsev kawm ntawv, tej lus qhuab qhia, cults thiab cov koom haum. Txawm neeg nyob deb deb ntawm nws tag nrho cas tau hnov lub sij hawm "monotheism". Yuav ua li cas yog interesting, direct yaj ntawm cov lo lus yog "monotheism". Tab sis yuav ua li cas to taub qhov no lub sij hawm? Yuav ua li cas nws pom nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej? Yuav ua li cas yog monotheism?

txhais

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias monotheism - lub tswvyim ntawm philosophical, ntuav (Theological) thiab nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas. Yuav ua li cas yog monotheism? Nws yog kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib Creator Vajtswv thiab ib tug yuav tsum muaj txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv cov cais tawm ntawm lwm tus vajtswv. Nws yog tseem tau mus pe hawm Vajtswv ib leeg xwb, yog tias ib tug txiv neej thov Vajtswv rau ob los yog ntau tshaj - nws twb ua ib tug polytheist (pagan).

Monotheism nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm Kev cai dab qhuas

Yuav ua li cas yog monotheism? Raws li twb tau hais, nws yog ib tug "kev monotheism". Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kev ntseeg. Qhov no yog feem ntau kom meej meej rau txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib zaug xwb Vajtswv lub Creator yog nyob rau hauv lub Aplahas txojkev ntseeg (Judaism, cov ntseeg Vajtswv, Islam), koj muaj peev xwm kom meej meej nrhiav tau cov tib sau ntawv thiab cov Iranian Zoroastrianism. Curiously, nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam tseem muaj Hindu monotheistic moments. Kev cai dab qhuas, paub xwb ib tug Vajtswv, ib txwm muaj lawv nrhiav poj koob yawm txwv. Rau xws li kev cai hauv paus ntsiab lus yog cov ntseeg hais tias lawv yog raws li nyob rau hauv no ntau tshaj saum ntuj los thiab dawb ceev tshwm sim.

Keeb kwm ntawm monotheism

Yuav ua li cas yog Tawheed thiab thaum nws los tshwm? Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm ib co ntsiab tau pom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ancient Suav keeb kwm (lub cult ntawm Shang-di - zoo tshaj plaws vaj), Is Nrias teb (cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm ib tug Creator Vajtswv Brahma), Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab cov kho kom zoo ntawm tus huab tais Ehnatona Amenhotepa, uas qhia cov teev uas Vaj tswv ib tug - lub hnub) ancient Babylon (ntau gods tsuas pom raws li ib tug manifestation ntawm lub zoo tshaj plaws vajtswv Marduk). Cov ancient cov neeg Yudais kuj muaj lawv lub teb chaws pab pawg neeg vajtswv - lub fwjchim luj kawg nkaus (Yawmsaub), uas Ameslikas pe hawm nrog lwm tus neeg, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg tig mus rau hauv ib lub. Cov ntseeg Vajtswv, txawm li cas los, assimilating thiab adopting lub cult ntawm Vajtswv Leej Txiv (lub Supreme Creator thiab ib), complemented los ntawm nws txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv "Vajtswv tug txiv neej" Yexus Khetos, Vajtswv Leej Tub. Peb yuav confidently hais tias cov ntseeg txoj kev ntseeg - kev cai dab qhuas ntawm monotheism, tab sis nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm lub Holy Trinity. Jewish monotheism nyob rau hauv lub lig thib rau - thaum ntxov xya centuries, tau ntaus nqi los ntawm ib co koom pheej ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua sect Hanafites qhov twg Islam yug. Nws yog suav hais tias yuav tsum yog tus founder ntawm tus Yaj Saub Mohammed. Monotheism nyob rau hauv Islam yog ntau pronounced tshaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lwm yam religions. Muaj ntau theories tau tso siab rau lub tswv yim uas monotheism (txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo tshaj plaws Vajtswv, tus Creator) yog tus thawj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev ntseeg, raws li zoo raws li lub unequivocal qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov lwm yam kev cai thiab tej lus qhia. Cov tswvyim no yog hu ua "urmonotheismus". Ib txhia lwm theories hu ua monotheism tiav ntawm cov evolution ntawm philosophical thiab kev cai dab qhuas thought ntawm tib neeg, ntseeg hais tias lub monotheistic lus qhuab qhia hloov txoj kev cai nws thiaj li tag tag nrho lwm cov ntaub ntawv kev cai dab qhuas.

Monotheism li lub Theological thiab philosophical (Theological) tswvyim

Nyob rau hauv philosophy thiab kev ntseeg lub sij hawm yog nyob ze rau lo lus "theism". Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nws yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm Mora los ntawm Cambridge Platonist. Theism txhais tau tias ib yam dab tsi sib npaug mus rau lub sij hawm "deism" thiab qhov fab ntxeev ntawm kev xav ntawm "atheism". Tsuas yog maj, lom zem ntau ua tsaug rau lub dag zog thiab kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Emanu-es Kant, tau tsim conceptual txawv ntawm deism thiab theism. Ib txoj kev taw tes ntawm view twb qhia los ntawm Hegel, uas txwv pantheism rau monotheism thiab tsis polytheism. Cov tswvyim no, raws li theism sij hawm "Vajtswv" txhais tau tias cov "tsis, transcendental nrog hwm rau cov ntaub ntawv uas lub ntiaj teb no rau sab ntsuj plig kev muaj tiag, uas ua raws li ib tug muaj tswv yim ib qhov chaw, khaws qhov no muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no thiab muaj unlimited degree ntawm lub hwj thiab tej yam rau nws."

Cov lus sib cav nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm cov monotheism

Yuav ua li cas yog Tawheed thiab yog vim li cas nws thiaj li zoo sib xws? Muaj ntau ntau nqe lus nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia no.

1. Yog hais tias muaj ntau tshaj ib tug Vajtswv, lub ntug yuav tsum yog ib tug mess vim hais tias ntawm lub ntau cov tub ceev xwm thiab ntxias. Txij li thaum lub teeb meem yog tsis tam sim no, nws txhais tau tias Vajtswv yog ib tug.
2. Txij li thaum muaj tus Creator yog lub zoo meej cwm pwm, muaj tsis nco qab, muaj yuav tsis muaj lwm yam Vajtswv, raws li nws yog txhais yuav tsum tsawg tshaj meej.
3. Txij li thaum Vajtswv yog infinite nyob rau hauv nws lub neej, nws txhais tau tias nws tsis tau muaj qhov chaw. Yog hais tias, txawm li cas los, yuav muaj ib tug thib ob infinite cwm pwm, nws yuav ua tau txawv los ntawm tus thawj, thiab tsuas yog ua kom tiav hauv sib piv rau lub infinity - tsis muaj. Li ntawd, cov thib ob yog Vajtswv yuav tsis muaj nyob rau tag nrho cov.
4. Qhov kev tshawb xav ntawm evolution yuav tsis paub lub tiag tiag qhov teeb meem no, raws li piav los ntawm nws cov hom ntawm kev loj hlob tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, koj yuav saib tau lub keeb kwm kev kawm ntawm monotheism.