Virtualbox: network configuration, Qhov rai XP, Qhov rai 7. Virtualbox Ubuntu: network configuration

PC cov neeg siv yuav tau siv nyob rau hauv lawv cov chaw ua hauj lwm sib txawv ntawm cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems. Tej zaum nws yog tsim nyog, thaum nyob rau hauv ib tug OS, siv lwm cov kev khiav dej num, thiab yog li yog undesirable kom reboot. Muaj ib tug yawm tov - "virtual machine." Ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nws-kev ua lag luam - VirtualBox. Yuav ua li cas yog nws cov nta? Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau siv cov VirtualBox network teeb?

Yuav ua li cas yog VirtualBox

VirtualBox - nws yog, raws li peb sau tseg saum toj no, tus "virtual tshuab." Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws yog ib tug software ib puag ncig uas tso cai rau koj mus download tau yuav luag tag nrho cov hom los yog hais tias cov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system thaum lub sij hawm ntawm tus neeg siv qhov chaw mus rau ib tug sib txawv operating system interface.

Hais tias yog, piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm rau ntawm qhov rais, nws muaj peev xwm, siv khiav cov VirtualBox, pib (thiab ua ntej uas - nruab) rau ib tug Linux PC tsis rebooting. Lub tswv yim nqi hluav taws xob ntawm no muaj nuj nqi tej zaum yuav, piv txwv li, hais tias thaum ua hauj lwm nrog lub qhov rais-raws li cov kev pab cuam, koj yuav tau tag nrho siv lub zog ntawm neeg rau zaub mov OS Linux kab, uas nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub irreplaceable. Nws yog ua tau, los ntawm txoj kev, thiab qhov rov qab tus txheej txheem.

Cov tag nrho lub npe ntawm "virtual tshuab" nyob rau hauv lo lus nug - Oracle VM VirtualBox, txij li thaum nws tau tsim ib tug zoo-paub American corporation. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm Oracle.

Nta ntawm VirtualBox

VirtualBox kev pab cuam - ib tug zoo lwm txoj kev daws teeb meem xws li, piv txwv li, Wine, siv nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg Linux cov neeg siv kom khiav qhov kev pab cuam rau lub qhov rais. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kom uas caw tsis tau lees tias cov kev vam meej lub community launch txog lub software, raws li nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais. Nyob rau hauv lem, tus "virtual tshuab" tso cai rau koj mus thauj cov tsim nyog operating system interfaces los ntawm Microsoft thiab siv lawv nrog luag tib yam functionality li thaum ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib loading lub qhov rais.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam txog nrog tswj kev pab raws qib los ntawm computer tes hauj lwm xws txuj yog cov tsis tshua nrov. Feem ntau cov tseem ceeb rau tag nrho cov koom tes ntawm lub qhov rais los yog Linux-tsev los ntawm VirtualBox - network configuration nyob rau hauv raws li qhov tseeb algorithm.

Cov ntsiab lus uas siv

Ntawm cov ntsiab zoo ntawm VirtualBox - dawb xwb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov kev txiav txim yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ib version nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tab sis vim hais tias, muaj mastered rau lub intricacies ntawm ua hauj lwm nrog lawv, koj muaj peev xwm siv nws tom qab tsis muaj kev ntshai tias tus tsim tawm yuav tso tawm ib tug kiag li tshiab interface uas tsis muaj teeb meem. Nco ntsoov, txawm li cas los, hais tias Oracle lub tuam txhab tau tsim ntxiv pob mus rau lub "virtual tshuab» - Expension pob, nyob rau hauv uas cov qauv muaj xws li xws daws li e.g. RDP-neeg rau zaub mov, los ntawm cov uas mus txuas rau lub virtual tshuab remotely los ntawm ib tug duas paub hom raws tu qauv. Advanced pob rau VirtualBox rau tus kheej lub hom phiaj - uas yog, yuav raug Noncommercial siv - los enthusiasts pab dawb NWS-kev daws teeb meem.

lub sij hawm

Yuav ua li cas yog cov feem ntau tseem ceeb nta ntawm qhov kev pab cuam VirtualBox?

Saum toj no tag nrho, qhov no hom ntawm virtualization rau x 86 platforms - tsis muaj yuav tsum tau pab txhawb Intel VT thiab AMD-V.

Qhov kev pab cuam yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug intuitive neeg siv-phooj ywg interface. Lavxias teb sab lus no kuj txaus siab nyob rau hauv VirtualBox. Configure tus network thiab kua ntawm lwm yam teeb meem, yog li yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau Lavxias teb sab neeg siv.

VirtualBox - ib tug ntoo khaub lig-platform tshuaj. Nws yog tsim rau lub qhov rais, Linux, Mac OS.

Muaj kev pab txhawb nqa rau processors nrog ntau yam cores, raws li zoo raws li computers uas muaj ntau tshaj li ib tug coj chips.

Muaj yog ib tug qhua VM loov ntxiv, rau optimize kev sib txuas lus nrog rau cov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system, raws li nyob rau hauv uas qhov kev pab cuam yuav khiav.

Cov kev kawm ntawm cov virtual tshuab, raws li muaj ntau yam NWS-tshwj xeeb - nyob rau ntawm theem siab tshaj plaws.

Ntawm cov tseem ceeb paub tab nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj ua hauj lwm nrog VirtualBox - network configuration. Xav txog nws cov ntsiab nuances ntawm nws cov kev daws teeb meem.

Txhim kho Virtual tshuab

Yog li ntawd, peb yuav muaj ib tug virtual tshuab network configuration VirtualBox. Cia xyuas tus yuam sij nuances ntawm nws cov installation rau ib tug neeg siv lub computer, raws li zoo raws li algorithms rau cov configuration cov kauj ruam ntawm lub software. Ua ntej koj yuav mus download tau rau hauv lub tsev pob virtualbox.org site thiab nruab ib lub tshuaj nyob rau hauv PC. Yuav ua li cas yog cov nuances yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm cov kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov teeb meem no? Piv txwv li, koj yuav tsum paub meej tias cov installation ntawm lub virtual interface yog yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub network. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub sij kev twb kev txuas yuav tsum mus ib ntus deactivated.

Ntsiab virtual tshuab chaw

Ces khiav qhov kev pab cuam. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab interface qhov rai yuav tso saib ib daim ntawv teev cov virtual tshuab uas muaj peev xwm khiav rau ib tug PC. Thaum lub heev thawj startup ntawm qhov kev pab cuam, nws yog yuav tau npliag. Yog li ntawd, ib tug virtual tshuab neeg siv yuav tsum tau tsim lawv tus kheej. Ua li no, nias lub sib nug xov khawm, tom qab - xaiv cov hom virtual tshuab thiab nws lub npe. OS hais tias muaj ntau cov neeg siv xav kom muab tso rau hauv VirtualBox, - Ubuntu. Teem tau ib lub network nrog nws yog nqa tawm sufficiently sai sai attendant nuances yooj yim rau tswv.

Tom qab koj xaiv lub hom virtual tshuab nqis, koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej ntau npaum li cas RAM yuav tsum tau siv qhov kev pab cuam. Pom zoo muaj nqis - 1 GB. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug virtual disk qhov chaw - qhov no yog ua li cas rau lub computer hard drive. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej nyob rau hauv lub chaw uas yuav siv tau qhov no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li VDI. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm daim ntawv nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam, cov disc yuav dynamic. Tom qab koj qhia kom meej qhov loj ntawm lub hard drive, piv txwv li, 8 GB (khiav "virtual tshuab" tsis tas yuav dhau ntau qhov chaw).

Xav txog yuav ua li cas teem ib lub "virtual tshuab" ntawm Oracle. Nws yuav tsum khiav nyob rau hauv lub interface zoo yam version ntawm qhov rais, nrog rau cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no - lub qhov rais 7.

Main nuances VirtualBox chaw nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais 7

Los ntawm kev txhim kho cov kev pab cuam, xws li lub qhov rais 7, koj yuav tsum tau qhib ib co ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Lub ntsiab qhov rais ntawm VirtualBox interface, nias rau txoj kev nas khawm kom tsim ib tug "virtual tshuab" thiab xaiv "Properties" kev xaiv. Tus yuam sij taw tes hais tias peb yog xav nyob rau hauv cov coj interface, - lub hom uas tsis nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab ob: ib puag thiab ib tug qhua. Qhov chaw yog nyob rau hauv lub "General" tab. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los qhia rau qhov kev pab cuam uas koj xav siv bidirectional tsis.

Nws tseem yog pab tau mus xaiv cov zaub mov yam khoom "Cov ntaub ntawv", ces - mus rau "tej chaw". Nyob rau hauv lub "General" xaiv daim ntawv teev "nplaub tshev rau lub machine." Nco ntsoov cov kev xaiv "Lwm yam" thiab qhia kom meej daim nplaub tshev qhov twg yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub virtual tshuab cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub "Sau" qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum configured los ntawm txoj kev uas cov ntaub ntawv tswv yim los ntawm cov keyboard thiab nas manipulation los ntawm redirected mus rau lub virtual tshuab interfaces. Nws yog tseem tau mus nqa tawm cov zaub chaw - piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub screen.

Tua tawm VirtualBox thiab nruab ib tug thib ob operating system

Thaum cov yooj yim cov chaw no yog ua los, koj yuav khiav "virtual tshuab." Ua li no, xaiv nws lub npe los ntawm daim ntawv nyob rau hauv lub zaub mov tseem ceeb thiab nias rau ntawm lub "Start" khawm. Koj yuav ces interface uas koj yuav nruab ib lub yam kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system. Nws faib yog, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau npaj txhij - piv txwv li, mus hlawv ib tug CD los yog ib tug DVD-Video disc. Thaum cov OS yog ntsia, peb yuav tsiv mus rau ib theem, raws li cov tam sim ntawd qhov chaw kawm VirtualBox virtual network.

Network Teeb: tseem ceeb xaiv

Koj yuav tsum xaiv cov hom kev virtual operating system thiab nias "Configure". Tom qab ntawd, mus rau lub tab "General". "Network" seem no peb xav nyob rau hauv. Koj yuav tsum xaiv ib hom ntawm kev twb kev txuas, zoo li ib tug choj. Nws yuav qhia tau tias ntawm NIC PC thiab lub virtual tshuab yuav tsim ib tug channel los ntawm kev uas cov coj muaj kev pab ntawm qhov tam sim no khiav hauj lwm qhov system yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv lwm yam kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system. Nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv lub "Sib Folders" yuav tswj tau los ntawm lub duas paub hais rau cia cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas lus nruab nrab ntawm cov PC thiab lub virtual tshuab.

Teem tau lub network "virtual" Ubuntu OS

Raws li peb muab sau ua ntej lawm nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, cov pom virtual chaw siv VirtualBox - Ubuntu. network teeb los ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system operating tau muab los siv nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no algorithm. Thawj kauj ruam yog mus download tau ib tug ntawm cov versions ntawm lub OS, qhov zoo tshaj plaws nruj heev heev rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug. Koj yuav tsum mus rau qhov chaw releases.ubuntu.com, ces xaiv lub version 14.04 LTS. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum download tau lub ISO-duab OSes. Yog hais tias tus neeg siv muaj ib tug 64-ntsis PC, koj yuav xav tau ib tug version ntawm Ubuntu tsim nyog hom. Tom ntej no, siv VirtualBox interface, koj pib lub OS installation txheej txheem (saum toj no, peb tau pom li cas no xwb). Tom qab txhim kho Ubuntu «virtual" tig mus rau lub ntsiab theem ntawm ib tug txheej txheem xws li qhov chaw VirtualBox network. Lub qhov rais 7 kuj yuav siv tau los daws kom tau qhov teeb meem no.

Peb yuav siv ib tug tej thaj chaw deb neeg rau zaub mov configuration tsab ntawv siv cov SSH raws tu qauv - nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, siv lub sij hawm no, peb tau tsim ib tug "virtual tshuab." Cov qhov tseem pab tau cov cuab yeej rau ua hauj lwm nrog SSH nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais - PuTTY kev pab cuam. Nws yog tsim nyog mus download tau putty.org site. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum raug nruab Ubuntu - qhov no ua hauj lwm yog nrog los ntawm ib co ntawm cov nuances. Cia peb kawm lawv.

Nta OS installation rau ib tug virtual tshuab

Thaum pib ntawm installation ntawm Ubuntu system yuav nug rau cov kev kawm lus chaw. Tom qab lawv nkag yuav pib lub installation ntawm ntxiv Cheebtsam. Thaum lub sij hawm installation ntawm lub OS system yuav sim network configuration nrog DHCP, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ua xwb thaum muaj ib hom ntawm neeg rau zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub network. Yog hais tias tsis yog, tus neeg siv yuav tsum sim hawm caij nyoog teem rau qhov tsim nyog chaw manually. Tab sis nyob rau ntawm no theem ntawm installation yuav ua li cas nws yog tsis tsim nyog - koj yuav hla cov kauj ruam no.

Ntawm cov nta uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau peb - nws yog ib lub computer lub npe. Nws yuav sound zoo li no: computer227.computer227network.com. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Internet, tab sis tsuas yog tus tsim nyog network yog leejtwg PC. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau teem mus siv cov nyiaj. Peb yuav tsum dais nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias raws li ib tug lub npe menyuam yaus yuav tsis siv lo lus admin - yog tseem ntawm Ubuntu operating system (nws yog tshwj tseg rau hauv lub cev). Nws yog ua tau rau xaiv qhov kev xaiv ntawm userhost, piv txwv li. Lo lus zais - leej twg uas yuav tuaj nyob rau hauv muab rau PC tswv.

Tom ntej no Ubuntu installation theem - lub sij hawm thiab lub sij hawm tsam chaw. Nws yog ntshaw kom qhia kom meej lub sij.

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej tias cov tsis rau lub hard disk. Cov kev xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov kev pab muaj nyob rau cov neeg siv, raws li tau zoo raws li lub tsev ntawm qhov chaw dawb rau koj tsav nyuaj.

Tom qab qhov chaw kawm ib hard disk yuav pib loading tus tub ntxhais cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab nws kawm tiav lub kaw lus yuav muaj mus nqa tawm lub configuration ntawm APT pob - tab sis qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb yog hais tias tus neeg siv xav rau nruab ib lub npe neeg rau zaub mov. Peb pom zoo hais tias peb yuav tsis siv nws nyob rau hauv lub network, yog li no configuration kauj ruam yuav raug hla lawm.

Tom ntej no, lub kaw lus yuav nug seb puas yuav nruab qhov tsim nyog tsis siv neeg tshiab. Muaj ntau NWS-tshwj xeeb xav tsis mus ua qhov no, raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yog ua tau rau tag nrho tus txheej txheem tswj khiav nyob rau hauv lub operating system. Ces nyob rau hauv lub interface nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg OpenSSH li lub hom software.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov txheej txheem ntawm txhim kho Ubuntu system yuav nug seb puas yuav nruab nyob rau hauv cov coj thaj tsam ntawm lub Grub khau raj disk. Tom qab lub operating system yog kiag li ntsia, koj yuav tsum mus pib dua lub PC.

Basic Tshua xaiv

Cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog VM VirtualBox - network configuration ntawm cov Ubuntu OS interfaces. Koj yuav tsum tau in thiaj li tso rau hauv lub operating system, nkag mus rau lub username thiab lo lus zais uas peb hais tseg thaum lub sij hawm installation.

Tom qab tsim nyog kev txiav txim - tau txais nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus qib saib txoj cai, uas yog lub hauv paus neeg siv. Tsim nyog mus qhib cov coj kev xaiv.

Qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm kev nkag mus kawm qhov hais kom ua: sudo su. Lwm cov kev xaiv - yuav nkag mus rau qhov hais kom ua kab sudo passwd paus lo lus zais. Ua tau, nws yog yooj yim chaw ntawm no theem. Koj muaj peev xwm download tau qhov kev pab cuam PuTTY thiab khiav rau Ubuntu OS neeg rau zaub mov ntawm ib tug virtual tshuab.

Lub nuances ntawm lub network chaw

Yuav ua li cas yog cov nuances ntawm ua hauj lwm nrog Oracle VirtualBox? network teeb yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm lwm yam kev xaiv. Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Piv txwv li, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau rau configure neeg rau zaub mov nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm qhov chaw kawm rau ib tug mus tas IP-qhov chaw nyob. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum ua lub tsim nyog hloov nyob rau hauv lub / etc / network / interfaces. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm cov nram qab no hais kom ua: nano / etc / network / interfaces. Koj muaj peev xwm ces pib dua lub network nrog cov hauv qab no hais kom ua: /etc/init.d/networking restart.

Ces koj yuav tau ua kev kho me ntsis rau cov / etc / hosts nrog tus uas tsim nyog nano hais kom ua. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas cov nram qab no tej chaw no tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tus qauv:

- 127.0.0.1 - mus localhost;

- 192.168.0.1 (yog hais tias tus lub computer IP-qhov chaw nyob rau lub zos network txawv los ntawm kev cai tswjhwm, sau txoj cai) rau lub neeg rau zaub mov qhov chaw nyob teev saum toj no, piv txwv li computer277.computer277network.com computer277.

Tom ntej no koj yuav tsum sau qhov hais kom ua ncha computer277.computer277network.com> / etc / hostname, ces /etc/init.d/hostname restart. Tom qab ntawd, peb nkag mus hauv hostname, hostname-f. Nyob rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam koj yuav tsum pom tus neeg rau zaub mov qhov chaw nyob.

Tom ntej no koj yuav tau synchronize lub moos, khiav ntawm lub system, nrog ib lub sij hawm neeg rau zaub mov nyob rau hauv Internet. Ua li no, nkag mus rau qhov hais kom ua kab apt-mus nruab ntp hloov tshiab. Qhov no xaus lub configuration. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav siab siv lub Oracle VM VirtualBox. Network teeb yog yooj yim txaus. Tom ntej siv cov Ubuntu siv "virtual tshuab" implies tau tapping lub widest tau set ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov operating system zog.

Multi-hom phiaj cuab tam: nws ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais XP

Puas muaj cov virtual tshuab los ntawm Oracle nyob rau hauv ib tug kuj laus versions ntawm qhov rais, xws li, XP? Yes, nws yog. Nyob rau hauv raws li qhov suav hais tias algorithm, koj yuav configure lwm operating systems siv VirtualBox. Configuring lub qhov rais XP network, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum sib txawv dog dig txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv kev, qhov hais kom ua kab li nyob rau hauv Ubuntu, yuav tsis tau invoked nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub txheej txheem.

Txawm li cas los, lub qhov rais XP muaj heev to taub, txawm tias ib tug inexperienced neeg siv LAN ntawm lwm yam uas, thiab ua hauj lwm nrog lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob nrog tangible teeb meem thiab failures.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd ntawm Ubuntu, thiab lwm yam kev khiav hauj lwm systems ntawm Linux kab sib xws nrog lub algorithms ntawm "virtual tshuab." Cov neeg uas muaj zoo meej rau siv nrog VirtualBox, - CentOS. network teeb nyob rau hauv no Linux faib yuav tsum yog raws li nyob rau hauv algorithms, nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov uas zoo sib xws rau cov neeg uas peb siv los ua hauj lwm nrog Ubuntu.