Uranium ore. Yuav ua li cas mus rau extract uranium ore. Uranium ore nyob rau hauv Russia

Thaum lawv nrhiav tau tej ntsiab ntawm lub periodic rooj, tus txiv neej nws thiaj li tuaj nrog ib tug siv rau lawv. Nws tshwm sim nrog cov uranium. Nws siv rau ob qho tib si ua tub rog thiab pej xeem cov hom phiaj. Uranium ore tiav, lub resulting neeg twb siv nyob rau hauv cov xim muaj hlau thiab iav industries. Tom qab nws raug sab radioactivity, nws twb siv nyob rau hauv lub nuclear kev lag luam. Yuav ua li cas huv si thiab tus phooj ywg environmentally roj muab? Lawv cam txog qhov no kom txog thaum tam sim no.

tej yam ntuj tso uranium

Lub uranium xwm nyob hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv tsis ua ib ke - nws yog ib feem ntawm lub ore thiab minerals. Lub ntsiab uranium ore - yog carnotite thiab pitchblende. Nws tseem yog tseem ceeb tso ntawm no xaiv yaam tshuaj caij nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab lwm yam minerals tawm torfievyh - orthite, titanium, zircon, monazite, xenotime. Uranium deposits muaj nyob hauv cov pob zeb nrog ib tug acidic nruab nrab thiab theem siab silica ntau. Nws tus khub - calcite, galena, molybdenite, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Ntiaj teb no deposits thiab reserves

Rau hnub tim, peb tshawb ntau teb nyob rau hauv lub 20-kilometer txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb saum npoo av. Lawv tag nrho cov muaj ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm tons ntawm uranium. Cov nyiaj no muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm cov kev muab noob neej nrog lub zog rau ntau pua xyoo nyob rau hauv ua ntej. Ua lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv uas uranium ore yog nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws raws li yog Australia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Canada, South Africa, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, lub teb chaws USA, Brazil, Namibia.

uranium Cov ntaub ntawv

Radioactivity ua tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm lub caij. Ntuj uranium muaj peb isotopes. Ob tug ntawm lawv yog cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm lub tej series. Ntuj uranium isotopes siv los tsim cov roj rau nuclear tshua thiab riam phom. Tsis tas li ntawd, 238 yog ib tug raw khoom rau cov plutonium-239.

U234 isotopes ntawm uranium yog subsidiaries nuclides U238. Lawv pom zoo raws li qhov feem ntau kom nquag plias thiab muab ib tug muaj zog tawg. U235 isotope yog 21 lub sij hawm weaker, txawm hais tias nws ntse siv rau saum toj no lub hom phiaj - nws muaj lub peev xwm los pab txhawb nuclear saw tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj ntxiv catalysts.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd muaj yog tej yam ntuj tso thiab dag isotopes ntawm uranium. Niaj hnub no, cov neeg paub tias yuav 23, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lawv - U233. Nws tseem ceeb muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau tshuab txais nyob rau hauv tus ntawm qeeb neutrons, whereas lwm leej lwm tus yuav tsum tau ceev ceev hais.

kev faib ntawm ore

Txawm tias uranium yuav pom txhua txhia qhov chaw - txawm nyob rau hauv uas muaj sia nyob - lub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob rau hauv uas nws yog muaj, yuav ua tau txawv nyob rau hauv hom. Lawv nyob ntawm seb nws, thiab ntau lawm txoj kev. Uranium ore yog txwv kom muab zais los ntawm cov nram qab no tsis:

1. Kev kawm ntawv yuav tsum muaj - endogenous thiab exogenous metamorphogenic ore.
2. Qhov xwm ntawm uranium mineralization - cov thawj, oxidized thiab mixed uranium ore.
3. Loj ntawm aggregates thiab mineral nplej - ntxhib, medium, raug nplua, thiab ib tug particulate zoo-grained ore feem.
4. Hau ntawm impurities - molybdenum, vanadium, etc.
5. Muaj pes tsawg leeg impurities - carbonate, silicate, sulfide, hlau oxide, kaustobiolitovye.

Nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas lub txwv kom muab zais uranium ore yog ib txoj kev rau extracting therefrom tshuaj caij. Silicate kho nrog ntau yam acids, carbonate - dej qab zib daws teeb meem, kaustobiolitovye enriched combustion, thiab cov hlau oxide yog melted nyob rau hauv ib tug moj tej tawg rauv.

Yuav ua li cas mus rau extract uranium ore

Raws li nyob rau hauv tej tsuas fact, muaj ntau yam kev kawm thiab cov hau kev ntawm extracting uranium ntawm lub pob zeb. Tag nrho cov tseem nyob ntawm seb tus isotope yog nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub lithosphere. Extraction ntawm uranium ore yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv peb txoj hau kev. Kev lag kev luam suab xaiv yam khoom ntawm lub pob zeb thaum nws cov ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov 0.05-0.5%. Muaj yog ib tug kuv, chaw txua txiag zeb thiab leach tsuas txoj kev. Kev siv ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv nyob rau nyob tus yeees ntawm isotopes thiab pob zeb tob. Quarrying uranium ore tau nrog ntiav tshwm sim. Yam tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav muaj mob. Tsis muaj teeb meem nrog rau tus txheej txheem - lug siv bulldozers, loaders, pob tseg truck.

Kuv ntau lawm - yog nyuab dua. Qhov no yog siv rau tej txaj chaw yam khoom ntawm ib tug tob ntawm txog li 2 kilometers, thiab economic nqi. Yug yuav tsum muaj ib tug siab concentration ntawm uranium nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua nws yog tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov rau siab tshaj plaws kev ruaj ntseg, qhov no yog vim txoj kev lub mined uranium ore underground. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yog muaj kev tiv thaiv cov khaub ncaws, lag luam nruj me ntsis txwv. Mines nruab nrog nqa, kho kom zoo cua.

Leaching - ib tug thib peb txoj kev - lub huv environmentally thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm kev uas tsuas tuam txhab uas muag. Los ntawm ib tug system ntawm cov qhov dej yog pumped rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj tov. Nws dissolves nyob rau hauv lub reservoir thiab yog noo nrog uranium tebchaw. Cov tshuaj no ces pumped tawm thiab xa mus rau lub ua cov nroj tsuag. Qhov no txoj kev yog ntau tshaj, nws yuav txo tau lub economic nqi, txawm hais tias nws siv muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev txwv.

Deposits nyob rau hauv Ukraine

Lub teb chaws yog lub siab tswv deposits lub caij ntawm uas tsim nuclear roj. Raws li forecasts, lub Ukrainian uranium ores muaj txog li 235 tons ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Tam sim no, tsuas yog peb txais kev qhia ntawm lub tso nyiaj, uas muaj txog 65 tons. Ib tug tej yam nqi ntawm twb tsim. Ib feem ntawm cov uranium siv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, ib co exported.

Lub ntsiab deposit yog xav tau cov Kirovograd uranium ore cheeb tsam. Lub uranium cov ntsiab lus no yog me me - los ntawm 0.05 mus 0.1% tauj ib tuj ntawm cov pob zeb, yog li cov ntaub ntawv uas them nqi yog high school. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub tau raw cov ntaub ntawv pauv nyob rau hauv Russia mus ua kom tiav cov roj hais txog lub hwj chim.

Qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws kev deposit yog Novokonstantinovskoye. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm uranium nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb yuav txo tau tus nqi raws li muab piv rau tus Kirovograd ze li ntawm 2 lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, nrog cov 90-ies ntawm txoj kev loj hlob tsis muab qhov chaw, tag nrho cov mines yog dej nyab. Vim lub deteriorating nom tswv kev sib raug zoo nrog Russia, Ukraine yuav nyob twj ywm tsis muaj roj rau nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag.

Lavxias teb sab uranium ore

Uranium tsuas Lavxias teb sab Federation yog nyob rau hauv tsib qhov chaw ntawm lwm cov teb chaws. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws thiab muaj hwj chim loj - nws Khiagdinskoe, Kolichkanskoe, Istochnoye, Koretkondinskoye, Namarusskoe, Dobrynskii (koom pheej ntawm Buryatia), Argun, Zherlovoye (Chita Thaj av). Nyob rau hauv lub Chita cheeb tsam yog muab rho tawm 93% ntawm tag nrho Lavxias teb sab uranium ua (feem ntau cov hauj lwm thiab tsuas kev).

Ib me ntsis txawv yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog deposits nyob rau hauv Buryatia thiab Kurgan. Uranium ore nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas tso cai rau koj mus rau extract lub raw cov ntaub ntawv uas leaching.

Tag nrho cov deposits nyob rau hauv Russia yog huab cua 830 tons ntawm uranium, muaj proven reserves ntawm txog 615 tons. Nws muaj deposits nyob rau hauv Yakutia, Karelia thiab lwm cov cheeb tsam. Txij li thaum uranium yog tus xaiv yaam ntiaj teb no raw cov ntaub ntawv, cov xov tooj tej zaum yuav tsis muaj tseeb vim hais tias ntau yam yog dej num, kev nkag mus rau lawv muaj tsuas muaj ib yam qeb ntawm cov neeg.