University of Merit nyob rau hauv sciences (luv luv). Tsev University nqis. University tau nyob rau hauv physics, Science News for KIDS, ntaub ntawv thiab Lavxias teb sab lus

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov - ib tug tshwj xeeb daim duab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Nws tau ua ib tug ntau rau Russia, qhia lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov cheeb tsam. University Merit nyob rau hauv ntau sciences zoo kawg thiab. Yeej, Mihail Vasilevich Lomonosov (xyoo ntawm lub neej - 1711-1765) - ib tug txiv neej ntawm varied kev txaus siab thiab encyclopedic paub. Qhov no yog thawj natural paub txog nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, tau uas muaj lub ntiaj teb no tseem ceeb. Mikhail yog ib tug historian, kws sau paj lug, artist, ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm cheeb tsam no ntawm kev txawj ntse, raws li lub cev Science News for KIDS. Peb muaj peb lub ntsiab ua tau University nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb ntawm kev txawj ntse.

Science News for KIDS thiab Physics

Mikhail xav Science News for KIDS nws lub ntsiab profession. Tsev University nqis yog hais tias nws tsim ib tug yuav tsum muaj kev mob ntawm lub neej tshiab nimno atomic-molecular kev tshawb xav. Nyob rau hauv 1748 zaum thawj formulated lub kev cai lij choj ntawm kev txuag ntawm loj tshuaj cai nyob rau hauv tshuaj tshua.

Merit University nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS txog tsis tsuas mus rau lub foundations ntawm cov kev cai. Nws hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub dag zog ntawm ntau yam zaum rau ob leeg txawj dlaws teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv 1751 Mikhail tau tsim ib tug "lo lus hais txog cov kev pab cuam ntawm Science News for KIDS." Nyob rau hauv nws nws demanded rau daim ntawv thov ntawm cov achievements ntawm sciences xws li physics thiab kev kawm txog zauv, kawm ntau yam tshuaj phenomena.

Merit University nyob rau hauv physics yog kuj zoo kawg thiab, tab sis nws lub ntsiab kev kawm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no - atomic corpuscular kev tshawb xav, uas qhia txog tus qauv ntawm cov teeb meem thiab tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Zaum tau piav yog vim li cas vim li cas tshuaj noj cov sau ua ib pawg xeev thiab tsim lub hom phiaj ntawm tshav kub.

geography

Nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm Mikhail Vasilyevich tau npaj rau cov ntawv qhia "Atlas ntawm Russia", uas yog superior rau zoo xws li European atlases. Nyob rau hauv nws raug teev thaj ntaub ntawv, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub faj tim teb chaws yog nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj txiag thiab kev nom kev tswv foundations.

Lomonosov, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ua ib tug tag nrho cov lus nug ntawm lub xeev. Mikhail tsim lub hom phiaj rau economic thiab statistical txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Ntoj ke mus kawm thoob plaws hauv lub teb chaws twb tau sau ua tsaug rau nws. Ntxiv mus, questionnaires raug xa mus rau txhua lub xeev. Nws kim heev ntaub ntawv tau tuaj sib sau rau hauv lub atlas. Nws twb hais lub cev thiab thaj yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntau yam ntawm lub teb chaws (cov lus qhia txog cov qauv ntawm cov dej ntug dej, ib tug loj toj), raws li zoo raws li nyiaj txiag kev ua tau zoo yog attributable rau tej yam ntuj tso tej yam kev mob (qhov chaw uas lub nroog yog nyob muaj nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus dej, uas nyob rau hauv nws cov factories , arts and crafts, tsiaj thiab nuv ntses, ncaj ncees, square).

Tab sis hais tias yog tsis yog txhua txhua Lomonosov achievements nyob rau hauv no science. Mikhail xam tau tias yog tus founder ntawm daim teb no ntawm kev txawj ntse, raws li cov nyiaj txiag geography. Lomonosov nyob rau hauv 1758 los ua lub taub hau ntawm lub Geography Department, teej tug mus rau lub Academy ntawm Sciences. Mikhail Lomonosov yog ib tug xib fwb rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm Lavxias teb sab cartographers, geographers, oceanographers thiab surveyors.

Txij li thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, Mikhail hlub lub hiav txwv. Nws tuaj txog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm navigation nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, yog xav nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub ncov qaumteb qabteb cheeb tsam. Lomonosov sau txog unexplored pawg neeg thaj av nyob rau hauv lub Arctic hiav txwv. Thawj Lavxias teb sab ntoj ke mus kawm coj los Chichagova Chelyuskina thiab pom tau hais ua tsaug rau lub dag zog ntawm Mikhail Vasilyevich. Nws yog tus organizer ntawm nws, thiab kuj tsim ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia rau cov mej zeej ntawm lub ntoj ke mus kawm.

geology

Lomonosov nyob rau hauv 1763 tsim ib tug ua hauj lwm hu ua "Nyob rau khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub ntiaj teb." Nws tau muab rau qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm niaj hnub geology, uas yog suav hais tias yog thawj zaug nyob hauv keeb kwm. Science nws tus kheej tsis nyob ua ib ke. Lomonosov sau hais tias mineral leeg sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog, piav lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm fossils, metalliferous Placer, dub lub ntiaj teb quakes.

Philology

Heev uas nws kim heev ntau yam ntawm kev txaus siab thiab achievements Lomonosova kuv V lub teb lug. Amazing ntau yam ntawm txawm tias ib tug daim ntawv teev cov hauj lwm ntawm no kuj zoo kawg paub txog. Peb sau cov ntsiab tau ntawm Lomonosov nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Nws yog nws leej twg tsim thawj zoo qauv sau ntawv nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Nws twb teem tawm cov kev cai thiab cov kev tswj ntawm tus tshiab phau ntawv sau lus, hais systematically. Lomonosov yog tus sau ntawm tej hauj lwm hauv Lavxias teb sab dialects, raws li ib tug sib piv keeb kwm txoj kev kawm ntawm cov lus, ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv poetics thiab stylistics lus ntawm tej uas yus hnov, raws li zoo raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm cov paj huam thiab prose. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj yog nws txojsia thiab ua hauj lwm muaj feem xyuam rau kev teeb meem ntawm lus txoj kev loj hlob.

ntaub ntawv

Lomonosov yog leej txiv ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Nws pom zoo nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws paj huam ntawm cov niaj hnub system ntawm versification - syllabic-tonic. Nyob rau hauv 1739, Lomonosov sau "Ode rau lub Tos mus ntawm Khotin." Nws yog tsim rau cov kev siv ntawm iambic tetrameter, uas twb ua ntej nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab verse. Qhov no Ode uas qhib kev nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab era ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam.

Nco ntsoov tias Lomonosov yog tshwj xeeb yog fond ntawm no ib hom ntawv nyeem. Gala lus Ode sau nrog nws cov hais thiab exclamations, pej xeem tej yam txaus siab, ncauj lus kom ntxaws los sib piv thiab metaphors, biblical imagery thiab Slavonicisms - tag nrho cov no attracted rau nws. Lomonosov ntseeg hais tias cov uas xa tuaj nrog "siab thiab splendor." lawv pib Ode coj ib tug qauv ntawm yuav luag tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab paj huam, tsim lawv tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub 18th caug xyoo. Lomonosov nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm txhawb kev kawm ntawv thiab science. Nws hu nkauj ntawm kev kaj siab kev ua hauj lwm, qhuas tus Lavxias teb sab neeg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub Lomonosov qhia vajntxwv, tsim ib qho zoo tagnrho Empress nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm.

zaj dabneeg

Muaj ntau tau ntawm Lomonosov nyob rau hauv lub sciences, nyob rau hauv kev nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm keeb kwm, yog tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim los laij cov nqi, raws li cov thawj phau ntawv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, teeb meem kev nyeem ntawv thiab kev nkag siab ntawm tej hauj lwm uas tsim los ntawm lawv vim lub fact tias lub tsev kawm ntawv yog ib qho archaic lus. Txawm li cas los kev ncaj ncees-art yam ntxwv, nws yog heev siab heev, thiab style, qauv, thiab tsim harmonious thiab zoo tag nrho. Hais tias Mikhail hais lub keeb kwm ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv lub kom noj qab haus huv thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm realism. Nws zam hnov ib tug tus kheej lub tswv yim, thiab nws "Keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab" tsim rau lub hauv paus ntawm zoo-tsim thiab ntau haiv neeg qhov chaw, nyeem ntawv rau lawv ntau lub xyoo.

Lomonosov twb sim "tu lub keeb kwm keeb kwm" ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Nws muaj pov thawj hais tias tus Slavs yog tsis Swedes, li ntawd, lub "Norman" version yuav tsum tau kev raws li erroneous. Mikhail hais openly, albeit nrog zoo saib xyuas thiab rhiab heev, tiv thaiv lub tsev teev ntuj dogma. Raws li qhov no dogma nws twb xav hais tias lub Slavs tau muab los ntawm tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus Biblical Nau-a, Meshech.

iav kuaj

Mikhail ua ib tug zoo pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm iav ntau lawm. Tu siab, rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub discoveries los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv lub teb, tseem haum scarce cov ntaub ntawv. Cov tsim lawv "Kuaj cov ntaub ntawv" (section "iav qauv") yog ib co zaub mov txawv iav masses. Lwm ib feem ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv lub "lab phau".

Lomonosov pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv iav, feem ntau yuav nyob rau hauv 1750. Zaub mov txawv tau piav rau lawv, yog tog twg los ntawm cov 1751-th los yog pib ntawm 1752 tsis tau hais rau paub tseeb seb nws siv tom qab iav qauv. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tseeb hais tias cov Lomonosov ua kev tshawb fawb ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws coj ib tug txawv txoj kev tshaj Vinogradov, nws tus phooj ywg. Xws li ib tug xaus yuav ua tau kos los ntawm muab piv rau cov loj ntawm iav los ntawm ob soj ntsuam. Thaum lub University lawv yog ob-tivthaiv, muaj raws ntawm quartz-tau cov kabmob tivthaiv thiab av nplaum. Tes taw hnyav li differed tsuas quartz cov ntaub ntawv, txais av ya, ua ntej npaj - degree ntawm crushing, calcining, ntxuav. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov kev faib ua feem ntawm lawv cov constituent Cheebtsam tau varied. Vinogradov peb tivthaiv siv raws li ib tug flux - plaster (gypsum).

Ua hauj lwm nrog mosaic

Mikhail ua hauj lwm nrog mosaic - saib ntawm monumental painting. Vim li cas nws xav nyob rau hauv nws nws? Tus kws tshawb fawb sau hais tias cov painters siv yooj yim xim, thiab tag nrho cov lwm yam ntawm nws. Nws kuj xav kom nrhiav tau ib tug luv luv thiab yooj yim duab hloov txoj kev.

Mikhail Vasilievich yog tuab heev thiab txhaws nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences. Nws sim kom dim ntawm lub me nyuam ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm, nrhiav ib qho kev ua uas nws yuav twb paub lawm nws tus kheej nws ebullient xwm.

Lomonosov ua xav nyob rau hauv mosaics, ntev ua ntej nws tau txais nws tus kheej tshuaj laboratory. Nws twb heev attracted rau lub ancient kos duab ntawm tsim smalt (iav alloys ntawm txawv xim) immortal portraits thiab paintings. Nyob rau hauv 1746 Earl M. Vorontsov coj rov qab los ntawm Rome ib tug ob peb mosaic tej hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm tus Count yog feem ntau Mikhail Lomonosov.

Qhov kev tshawb xav ntawm "peb cov xim"

Mikhail pib tsim cov kev tshawb xav ntawm "peb cov xim". Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg tseem ceeb rau lub ntxiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov xim science. Zaum tau pom tias muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov xim muaj ib tug peb-dimensional. Mikhail pom txoj kev los daws kom tau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tswv yim kev pab raws qib uas tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv films, printing, xim photography. Lomonosov sim los tsim ib tug ntaus ntawv uas ib tug yuav tau txais tej cev nqaij daim tawv los ntawm subtracting los yog muab cov peb loj.

"Lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Poltava"

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws mosaic ua hauj lwm ntawm Mikhail - "Lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Poltava." Qhov no daim duab no yog muaj li ntawm daim smalt. txhua ntev yog 5 cm, thickness - tsuas yog 1-6 hli. Qhov no phab ntsa painting xeeb los ntawm Lomonosov rau lub Peter thiab Paul Cathedral raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug series ntawm mosaics, muab tso rau hauv lub tsev. Los ntawm qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov no ua hauj lwm yog enormous - ntau tshaj 300 square meters. m. Nyob rau hauv rau sab laug ib feem ntawd depicts Peter kuv rau ib tug nees. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug bold commander uas ua rau yus tus sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog. Peter saib resolute thiab bold, nws hwj tau lub cev majestic. Raws li los ntawm nws tus khub, cov uas pom A. D. Menshikov thiab B. P. Sheremetev. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub nyob tus yeees yog ib tug yooj yim tub rog uas sim txoj kev ntawm tus huab tais. Qhov no tub rog nrog ib tug musket li tab sis yog tuav rov qab kom kuv mus Peter kuv tau ntxaum mus rau hauv qhov kev sib ntaus thiab kev txaus ntshai ntawm tsuaj. Qhov no xam nruab nrab yog cov neeg. Raws li tus sau, nws lub luag hauj lwm tsis yog tsis tseem ceeb dua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Peter I.

Yog li ntawd, peb teem tawm lub ntsiab tau ntawm Lomonosov luv luv. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, peb yuav tsis hais txog tag nrho cov achievements ntawm no kawm. tag nrho nws cov uas nws kim heev kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm los npog cia li tsis yooj yim sua. Distinguished Service University nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab Lavxias teb sab lus, Science News for KIDS, geography, physics thiab lwm yam liaj teb ntawm kev txawj ntse ua nws ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws lub keeb kwm.