Theoretical me nyuam yaus ntawm hluav taws xob Engineering: txoj kev ntawm voltages

Txoj kev ntawm voltages - ib tug muab xam los ntawm hluav taws xob circuits nyob rau hauv uas lub voltage qhov tseem ceeb yog nce mus nce los ntshav chains txheeb ze rau lub hauv paus los ua ke. Lub sib npaug yog tso ua ke nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov thawj Kirchhoff txoj cai, uas tso cai rau txo tus naj npawb ntawm sib npaug mus rau ib tug nqi k-1, qhov twg k - lub xov tooj ntawm Circuit Court ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv thaum lub xov tooj ntawm cov ceg ntoo ntawm Circuit Court ntau tshaj ob tug. Txoj kev ntawm voltages pom daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv computer cov kev pab cuam kev xyaum ua ntawm hluav taws xob circuits, vim tsis muaj kev txhawj ntawm tsim ntawm cov pob caus ntawd algorithm sib npaug.

Nodal voltages yog hu ua arbitrary voltage ntawm ib tug siv ntawm (nws yog teem rau xoom tej zaum) thiab txhua tus ntawm cov ntshav. Cov kos duab sawv cev rau lub grounded kev pab txhawb nqa los ua ke.

Xav txog ntau yam txoj kev xam xyuas hluav taws xob circuits

Lub essence ntawm no txoj kev muaj nyob rau hauv kev daws ib tug system ntawm kev sib npaug siv cov txiav txim potentials uas txhua node Circuit Court nrog hwm rau cov kev siv ntawm. Tom qab hais tias, lub xam circuits siv Ohm txoj cai, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov tam sim no qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov ceg.

Complex xam circuits nyob rau hauv cov nram no ib theem zuj zus:

1. compise daim duab nrog tag nrho cov ntsiab.

2. Muaj yuav tsum yog ib tug arbitrary siv ntawm. Ntxiv mus, nws yog pom zoo kom xaiv ib tug ntawm nyob rau hauv uas qhov loj tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm cov ceg ntoo sib.

3. Teem lub arbitrary kev taw qhia ntawm cov currents nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ceg, uas yog denoted nyob rau hauv daim duab.

4. Rau cov xam ntawm lub potentials ntawm qhov seem ntshav txheeb ze mus rau lub xaiv siv ntawm yog ua lub system ntawm sib npaug.

Koob pheej ntawm lawv ntawm xws li ib tug system yuav muaj cov nram qab daim ntawv:

U1G11 - U2G12 - ... - UsG1s - UnG1n = Σ1EG + Σ1J

-U1G21 + U2G22 - ... - UsG2s - UnG2n = Σ2EG + Σ2J

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U1Gn1 - U2Gn2 - ... - UsGns + UnGnn = ΣnEG + ΣnJ, qhov twg:

• G - tus nqi ntawm lub conduction ceg txuas mus rau ntawm;
• U - tus nqi ntawm ntawm voltages;
• ΣEG - lub algebraic sum ntawm cov khoom ntawm EMF ntawm ceg, uas yog nyob ib sab mus rau lub site, lawv conductivity. (Nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub uas electromotive quab yuam kev ua nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib txoos kev taw qhia thaum cov khoom no muab ib tug "+" kos npe rau hauv lub rov qab cov ntaub ntawv - "-".)

Qhov saum toj no kab zauv system enables mus tau yooj yim xam yuav tsum tau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub node voltages. Nws muaj ib lub npe - tus system ntawm nodal sib npaug. Nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub uas ib tug tham fais Circuit Court yog muaj li ntawm n-th tooj ntawm ntshav yog tsim nyog los ua tus nodal kab zauv yog ib tug tsawg dua li tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntshav. Muab hais tias tag nrho cov sib npaug sau rau saum lub hauv paus ntawm lub Kirchhoff tus thawj txoj kev cai, lub xam saw yuav tsum comprise thiaj tau tuaj sab nraud qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no. Nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub uas lub Circuit Court comprises ib voltage qhov twg los, yuav tsum tau hloov los ntawm sib npaug tam sim no qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub nodal kab zauv zaum yuav sau nyob rau hauv matrix daim ntawv.

5. Cov kev sib npaug yog solved rau lub nodal voltages, txiav txim tseem ceeb rau lawv.

6. Tom qab ntawd, rau txhua ceg, tag nrho cov qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court yog xam nyias los ntawm Ohm txoj kev cai.

I = (Ua - UB + ΣEab) / ΣRab, wherein:

• I - tam sim no tus nqi saw ceg;
• Ua - lub peev xwm ntawm ntawm zoo li;
• UB - lub peev xwm ntawm ntawm b;
• ΣEab - lub algebraic sum ntawm cov ceg;
• ΣRab - xam tag nrho ntawm cov kuj ntawm lub ceg.

Txoj kev ntawm voltages rau circuits muaj ob lub rooj sib txoos

Nyob rau hauv kev xam xyuas cov hluav taws xob circuits uas muaj tsuas yog ob tug ntshav, lub system ntawm equations yuav muaj xws li ib tug ib kab zauv, los ntawm uas nws yog ua tau rau xam ncaj qha rau tus nqi ntawm ntawm voltages:

U = (ΣnEnGn + ΣnJn) / ΣmGm, wherein:

• ΣnEnGn - lub algebraic sum ntawm cov khoom ntawm EMF ceg rau lub conductivity ntawm cov ceg;
• ΣnJn - algebraic sum ntawm tam sim no qhov chaw;
• ΣmGm - lub xam sum ntawm cov conductivities ntawm tag nrho cov ceg ntawm cov ntshav.

Txoj kev ntawm voltages muaj cov nram qab zauv zoo: yooj yim ntawm xam thiab ib tug tseem ceeb yuav txo tau nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm xam hauj lwm.