"Paglyuferal" Ntsiav tshuaj: cov lus qhia rau kev siv, analogs thiab xyuas

Cov neeg kev txom nyem los ntawm qaug dab peg yuav tsum tsis tu ncua kev noj antiepileptic tshuaj. Lawv pab tiv thaiv kom txhob loj hlob ntawm qaug dab peg, raws li zoo li txhim kho lub zuag qhia tag nrho noj qab haus huv thiab kev mob ntawm tus neeg mob.

Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau qaug dab peg, yuav tsum txiav txim tsuas yog ib tug kws kho mob. tshuaj "paglyuferal" yog hais txog cov feem ntau zoo thiab nrov anticonvulsants. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tau piav rau hauv qab no. Koj kuj yuav kawm txog cov ntawv no nyob rau hauv uas cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau muag, yog nws tau mus muab nws cov me nyuam li cas zog nws muaj, thiab hais txog.

Hauj lwm, ntim, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab daim ntawv

Kev npaj "paglyuferal" phau ntawv qhia uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv pob ntawv, yog marketed nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dawb ntsiav tshuaj nrog beveled thiab Valium.

Lub cuab tam muaj active cov khoom xyaw xws li phenobarbital, caffeine sodium benzoate, bromisoval, calcium gluconate thiab papaverine hydrochloride. Raws li rau lub cam, ces lawv muaj xws li qos starch thiab calcium stearate.

Yuav cov tshuaj no yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv cov hlwv thiab packs ntawm daim ntawv tuab, ntsig txog.

Nws yuav tsum tau sai li sai tau muab sau tseg tias rhawv ntawm cov chaw muag tshuaj xws npaj muaj nyob rau hauv cov nram no npe: "paglyuferal-1", "paglyuferal-2" thiab "paglyuferal-3 '. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv qhia tias qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm tus txhais tau tias yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kev faib ua feem ntawm phenobarbital (25, 35 thiab 50 mg, ntsig txog).

pharmacology

Yuav ua li cas yog cov tshuaj "paglyuferal"? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv (ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab nkaus xwb los ntawm tej kws khomob tshwjxeeb) hais tias nws yog lub neej coj antiepileptic tshuaj.

Raws li cov kos duab, muaj peev xwm ntawm reacting nrog phenobarbital "barbiturate" feem GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex. Vim hais tias ntawm no, suav hais tias cov tshuaj yuav tsub kom lub rhiab heev ntawm lub GABA receptor rau GABA thiab qhia neuronal raws kev thauj mus los ntawm cov tshuaj ions, li no kom lawv nkag mus rau lub hlwb.

Tsis tas li ntawd phenobarbital thiaj li hais tawm ntawm paj impulses thiab excitability ntawm neurons nyob rau hauv lub epileptic kom pom tseeb. Nws exhibits thaiv kev tiv thaiv ib tug xov tooj ntawm excitatory neurotransmitters.

Yuav ua li cas lwm yam khoom yog xam qhovkev rau cov ntsiav tshuaj "paglyuferal"? Phau Ntawv Qhia hais tias lawv yuav tau mus suppress lub piav thoob hlo cortex, txo lub cev muaj zog ua si, inhibit cerebral muaj nuj nqi, nrog rau cov pa chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no tshuaj txo lub suab nrov ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub digestive ib ntsuj av tau, muaj antispasmodic, sedative, hypnotic thiab antispasmodic kev txiav txim.

nta tshuaj

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus Phenobarbital, nyob rau hauv lub qhia txhais tau tias muaj xws li lwm yam active cov khoom xyaw.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm caffeine nyob rau hauv cov khoom "paglyuferal"? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawd hais tias cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog tsim kom tsum muab ua rau kom cov reflex excitability ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum, muaj siab lub vasomotor thiab ua pa chaw zov me nyuam mus tsim kho lub metabolic dab nyob rau hauv cov nqaij thiab kabmob, nrog rau cov nqaij ntshiv thiab lub hauv paus poob siab system.

Papaverine hydrochloride yog ib tug antispasmodic. Nws muaj ib tug hypotensive nyhuv. Qhov no feem yog muaj li ntawm cov tshuaj thiab thiaj li tonus ntawm tus nqaij relaxes cov hlab ntsha thiab hauv nruab nrog cev.

Calcium gluconate yog tau pab kom txawm peem rau tus tsis muaj calcium ions, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau paj impulse kis tau tus mob.

Raws li rau bromisoval, nws muaj ib tug mob loj tsawv hypnotic thiab sedative nyhuv.

kev tig tau zog

Nws yog absorbed rau hauv cov hlab ntsha tshuaj "paglyuferal-1"? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawd hais tias txhua yam kom nquag plias feem ntawm cov tshuaj nws muaj nws kev tig tau nta.

• Phenobarbital yog absorbed kiag li, tiam sis maj mam (tsis pub dhau 1-2 xuab moos). Nws metabolism hauv lub siab. Lub ib nrab-lub neej ntawm no tivthaiv yog 2-5 hnub. Nws deduced los ntawm lub cev los ntawm ob lub raum.
• Caffeine yog absorbed zoo heev thoob plaws hauv cov hnyuv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog tiav tom qab 50-75 feeb. Nws yog metabolized nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab tshem tawm ntawm ob lub raum.
• Nruab nrab bioavailability yog 54% ntawm papaverine. Txij li thaum nws uake rau ntshav cov nqaijrog 90%. Metabolism hauv no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub siab, thiab yog tso zis los ntawm ob lub raum.
• Hais txog 1/5 ntawm cov koob tshuaj calcium gluconate yog absorbed rau hauv lub me me hnyuv. Kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov tshuaj yog ntawm ob lub raum thiab tus so - nrog rau cov quav.

zaj lus tim khawv

Uas kab mob muab xws li ib tug yeeb tshuaj raws li "paglyuferal-2"? Tus neeg siv daim ntawv thov hais tias qhov no yog rau cov kev kho mob ntawm qaug dab peg.

Contraindications

Yuav ua li cas yog cov contraindications yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj "paglyuferal"? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv (rau cov me nyuam mos no lub cuab tam tsis txhob muab) ceeb toom txog cov nram qab no txwv:

• hyperkinesis;
• mob loj heev siab thiab raum tsis ua hauj lwm;
• myasthenia Heavy kev;
• tshuaj yaj yeeb tos;
• kev nyuaj siab;
• muaj ntshav liab txaus;
• hyperthyroidism;
• porphyria;
• active alcoholism;
• mob ntshav qab zib;
• cev xeeb tub;
• hypoadrenalism ;
• lactation;
• broncho-obstructive kab mob;
• npau taws me ntsis.

Antiepileptic tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj los siv rau cov me nyuam los ntawm peb lub xyoo laus. Nrog kev saib xyuas nws yog pom zoo rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj zog txaus lub xeev (general).

Tshuaj "paglyuferal": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Saib medicament yog muab hais tom qab noj mov. Cov koob tshuaj nyob ntawm qhov kev tso tawm daim ntawv no.

Tshuaj "paglyuferal-1" thiab "2-paglyuferal" coj ob zaug ib hnub twg ":

• nyob rau hauv 3-4 xyoo - 1 ntsiav tshuaj;
• nyob rau hauv tsib los sis rau xyoo 1.5 ntsiav tshuaj;
• xya cuaj xyoo - 2 pcs.;
• kaum rau kaum plaub xyoo - 3 thiab 2.5 pc. feem;
• kaum plaub xyoo - 4 pcs.

Medicament "paglyuferal-3" kuj coj ob zaug ib hnub twg:

• xya cuaj xyoo - 1 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub ob zaug;
• kaum rau kaum plaub xyoo - 1.5 ntsiav tshuaj;
• kaum plaub xyoo - 2 pcs.

phiv

Nkag suav hais tias yog tshuaj yuav ua rau:

• hallucinations, tsis muaj zog, kiv taub hau, nystagmus, ataxia, dysarthria, pw tsaug zog ua cuam tshuam, paradoxical tshua;
• cem quav, xeev siab, raws plab, tsa siab transaminases, ntuav;
• thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia;
• tachycardia, kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, arrhythmia, fibrillation, AV blockade;
• mauj kev tsis haum tshuaj, tshuaj dependence (mob thawj coj).

Cov tsos mob ntawm overdose

Ntau dua koob tshuaj medicament yuav ua amplification sab tshua. Yuav kom tshem tawm cov tsos mob no thov:

• pais plab lavage;
• symptomatically;
• tshuab txais hluav ncaig txoj kev.

tshuaj cov kev sib tshuam

Kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob uas tau txais valproate thiab "Phenytoin" nce ntshiab theem ntawm phenobarbital.

"Paglyuferal" yog tau inhibit cov nyhuv ntawm qhov ncauj contraceptives thiab salicylates.

Nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog "reserpine" nyhuv phenobarbital ntau zog, thiab thaum twg tag nrho nrog rau lub "Amitriptyline" "Diazepam", "chlordiazepoxide," "nialamide" thiab "acetazolamide" - decreases.

Lub medicament "paglyuferal" GCS thiaj li ntshav thiab anticoagulants, "Doxycycline", "griseofulvin" estrogen thiab lwm yam tshuaj mas siv uas yauv oxidation nyob rau hauv lub siab.

Qhov no tshuaj cheeb qhov uas cov kev txiav txim ntawm sulfonamides, antibacterial kev ua si thiab noj cov nyhuv "griseofulvin". Dhau li ntawd, nws potentiates cov teebmeem ntawm neuroleptics, ethanol, narcotic analgesics, nqaij hnaiv, hypnotics thiab sedatives.

Xyuas thiab analogues

Raws li cov kos duab, cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lo lus nug yog tshwj xeeb, xws li cov nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog li ntawd, los hloov nws nrog tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau nrog ib tug kws kho mob.

Tau txais kev pab cam hais tias yuav tshuaj no tsis muaj ib tug kws kho mob tshuaj tsis ua hauj lwm, txawm hais tias nws yog heev pheej yig.

Cov neeg tsis tu ncua kev noj no antiepileptic tshuaj, muab sau nws zoo ntxim. Txawm li cas los, ib co ntawm lawv tseem tsis txaus siab txog cov emergence ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev phiv.