Mycelium threads yog dab tsi? Yuav ua li cas loj hlob ib tug mycelium nyob rau tom tsev

Mus rau tom hav zoov rau cov nceb yuav nthuav thiab exciting, tab sis tsis nco ntsoov peb yuav nrhiav tau rau lub sij hawm no hauv lub pob ntawm lub neej tshiab. Tab sis muaj ib txoj kev tawm: koj tuaj yeem loj hlob tuaj hauv tsev. Qhov no yuav xav tau qee qhov kev paub, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua siab ntev. Lub ntsiab haujlwm tseem ceeb rau nceb loj yog qhov tau txais me me. Nws tus nqi yog qhov nyuaj tshaj. Mycelium hyphae yog ib hom ntawm lub nkoj ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas sau cov as-ham ntawm cov av thiab coj lawv mus rau lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm lub fungus. Cov edible, terrestrial ib feem ntawm lawv hlob tawm ntawm tshwj xeeb knots thoob lub mycelium.

Mushrooms sai sai ntes tag nrho cov chaw uas tsim nyog rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Qhov no yog muab los ntawm tubular (akin mus rau lub plawv system) qauv ntawm mycelium. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li ib txoj kev tso cai rau koj kom sai sai thaum koj rhuav tshem txawm tias coob tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob unicellular tuaj yeem ua raws li poov xab. Mycelium tsis tuaj ntawm lawv hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev hloov mus rau hauv chaw nyob hauv cov kua, cov khoom noj muaj haus zoo nkauj.

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas los tsim ib qho chaw zoo, yog li ntawd qhov spores ntawm mycelium noj paus. Nws yuav siv sij hawm, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yog tsim nyog nws.

Yuav ua li cas loj hlob nceb?

Raws li ib txoj cai, amateurs thiab txawm cov neeg uas loj hlob nceb rau muag, siv mycelium, yuav nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab tshwj xeeb. Muaj, nyob rau hauv sterile tej yam kev mob, spores yog npaj, los ntawm uas mycelium hyphae yog ces tsim. Qhov no yog tus txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb ntawm microclimate. Mycelium nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntshiab mus kuaj yog kis mus rau cereals, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm loj hlob mycelium pib. Lub chav no nkag mus rau hauv cov huab cua lim dej, ntxiv rau, nws yog tswj los ntawm kev tshaj tawm, kom cua uas muaj kab mob hauv cov kab mob tsis txuam nrog nws. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov pwm tsis khom mis thiab lwm yam kab mob tsis zoo thiab tsis txhob txav cov kab lis kev cai. Txawm li cas los, lub fungal mycelium tseem yuav zus nyob hauv ntau txheej thaum ub. Hauv qab no, peb yuav piav tag nrho cov txheej txheem technology kom koj siv tau txoj kev no hauv tsev.

Dab tsi yog cov filaments ntawm mycelium?

Qhov no yog ib qhov system ntawm cov leeg tshau, hyphae, nrog kev loj hlob nraug thiab tom qab branching. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm tes thiab tsis muaj mob. Ntau yam tshuaj tsw qab muaj cov kab mob uas ua tau hluav taws xob. Cov filaments ntawm mycelium, los yog strands, muaj hyphae, nyob rau hauv parallel thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw densely nias ua ke. Nyob rau filamentous filaments yog cov pib ntawm fungi rau yav tom ntej. Tom qab, lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev tshwm lawv tus kheej. Heavings kis thoob tag nrho tshaj lub substrate, ua kom npog tag nrho ib ncig, dej siab rau kev loj hlob. Li no, lub mycelium nyob hauv tsev yuav nyob hauv thaj tsam tau tso cai rau nws. Qhov ntau nws yog, ntau lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo koj tau txais.

Yooj yim sim

Tawm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim tsim cov khoom noj rau hauv tsev, cia peb sim ua kom haum tsim nyog rau cov nceb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj. Zog mycelium yuav tsum tau chav dav dav, ntxuav thiab yooj yim rau tu. Tseem ceeb heev yog qhov sib piv ntawm cov av noo thiab huab cua txias. Ntoo qhuav thiab txias chav yuav zoo heev txo cov qoob loo, tab sis, hloov dua siab, sov thiab siab siab ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ntawm pwm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws humidity yog 60-70 feem pua. Feem ntau ib qho hauv qab daus yog siv rau cov hom phiaj no, lub mycelium xav zoo nyob ntawm no. Lub mycelium yog undemanding rau lub teeb, tab sis cov av ntub dej yuav tsum tau ntsia. Cov huab cua kub yuav tsum yog 20-24 degrees, qhov zoo tshaj plaws hom yuav tsum tswj nrog ib tug yooj yim cua sov ntaus ntawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas tsis muaj hmoov av thiab drafts, txij li nws muaj txhawb rau tus kab mob ntawm mycelium nrog microorganisms thiab spores ntawm fungi teeb meem.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog ib qho chaw me me qab ntaiv nrog ib cheeb tsam ntawm 1.5-2 meters nrog ib tug yas khib. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau txais kev ntshiab kev coj noj coj ua, uas peb tau muab tso rau hauv lub substrate. Ua haujlwm koj yuav tsum muaj lub khob ntim nrog hau, ib lub nruab nrab, ib phaj rau kom tsis muaj menyuam, nrog rau kab caws pliav, kav dej, ntxuav cov khob yas. Ua tus ntshiab kab lis kev cai, koj yuav tsum tau noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev. Ua ntej lawv yuav zoo ntxuav.

Npaj qhov nruab nrab

Peb maj mam tsiv mus rau kev yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob ib mycelium. Raws li ib tug as nruab nrab nyob rau hauv uas yog muab tso rau hauv daim ntawm fungi, siv qos-glucose agar thiab malt extract agar. Koj tuaj yeem yuav lawv hauv daim ntawv npaj ua tiav lossis ua noj koj tus kheej. Wort agar yog ua rau ntawm 1 liter ntawm npub wort, ntxiv 20 grams agar-agar thiab noj kom txog thaum uas ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv kub daim ntawv nws yuav tsum tau poured on sterile vessels, ces tightly kaw nrog hau. Tom qab qhov chaw nruab nrab tau txias lawm, lub hau yog lifted thiab ib daim ntawm noj qab haus huv daim tawv nqaij ntawm edible txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev yog tso.

Tom qab li 2-3 hnub, cov kua hluav taws dawb tshwm rau hauv lub nkoj. Qhov no yog qhov mycelium. Tab sis zoo li no yuav tsum ua tiav raws li txoj cai ntawm kev ua raws li kev tu huv thiab tu cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv tsev, kom saib tag nrho cov subtleties nyuaj, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub nkoj muaj xws li liab, ntsuab, grey los yog moldy nceb, thiab cov mucous zos cov kab mob. Yuav kom tsis txhob raug, tus txheem yuav tsum muab pov tseg thiab rov sim dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam yaus raug tso cai, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov nutritive saum npoo yog nyob los ntawm ib tug dawb huv mycelium ntawm ib hom kab mob fungus. Ces nyob rau hauv 2-3 lub lis piam nws yuav loj hlob on tag nrho cov nto thiab tag yuav suppress tag nrho lwm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nceb. Nws yog qhov no lub sij hawm uas characterizes kawg ntawm lub feem ntau nyuaj theem, ces - qhov teeb meem ntawm technology.

Dab tsi yog mycelium?

Mycelium yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw nruab nrab, tom qab uas loj hlob sai pib. Txawm li cas los, ntawm no muaj kev tsis meej pem nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm dab tsi ib mycelium yog. Ib txhia hu rau nws ib substrate, mob nrog ib tug mycelium rau ntxiv cultivation. Raws li lwm qhov chaw, mycelium yog lub mycelium nws tus kheej, uas yog, lub cev ntawm fungus, hauv av thiab cog rau hauv ib lub substrate.

Peb pom zoo tias lub mycelium yog ib qho substrate uas lub mycelium twb tau tswm. Nws tsuas yog tos rau nws yuav tsum tau germinated nyob rau hauv straw, sawdust, cav los yog cardboard. Ntawd yog, mycelium yuav tsum tau hloov cov mycelium rau cov substrates.

Tau txais mycelium

Yog li ntawd, koj muaj ib tug mycelium ntawm ib tug fungus cultured. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, tab sis nws xav tau ib tug substrate nyob rau hauv uas nws yuav loj hlob thiab tsim txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev. Nws yog tib yam li hais tias koj yog lub noob koj xav cog nyob rau hauv fertile av. Feem ntau, amateurs xav siv ib lub noob qoob loo mycelium, uas yog, los muab cov hmoov nplej siab zoo tshaj plaws. Ua li no, koj xav tau cov qoob loo, nws yog hom qoob mog, pob kws los yog lwm yam. Nws yuav tsum tau tov nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib feem mus rau ib tug mus rau ob (2 qhov chaw ntawm dej) thiab boiled rau 15-20 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, nchuav rau ntawm lub phuam so thiab tawm kom qhuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, gypsum yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj ntawm 1.3% ntawm tag nrho volume, ntxiv nrog, calcium carbonate (0.3%) yog yuav tsum tau. Cov tsev tso dej puv cov dej ntim nrog ¾ ntim. Lub khob yuav tsum muab qhwv rau hauv ntawv ci, kaw nrog lub hau thiab kaw hauv qhov cub kom tsawg li ob xuab moos ntawm qhov kub ntawm 120 degrees. Tom qab lub tsev nyiaj tau tag nrho txias, 3-4 pieces ntawm nutrient medium yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Tom qab li peb lub lim tiam ntawm chav tsev sov, cov nplej yeej tau them nrog lub network ntawm cov leeg dawb. Tam sim no ib tug puv tes ntawm no grain tau sow twg substrate uas koj muaj nyob rau ntawm txhais tes.

Lwm hom mycelium

Lub mycelium yuav zus on sawdust. Nws pheej yig thiab pheej yig. Rau qhov no, lub sawdust yog sterilized by boiling los yog calcining nyob rau hauv qhov cub. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los siv qhov nruab nrab qhov loj sawdust ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Tom qab sterilization, ob peb pieces ntawm ib tug nutrient sib tov nrog sprouted dawb fluff ntawm mycelium yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv nrog lawv. Tom qab lub mycelium los ntawm me me sawdust yuav populated nyob rau hauv cav, straw los yog cardboard. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua sawdust rauj yas tes tsho, tau lub raj los cav ntoo uas yog haum rau cov sau qoob rau nceb. Sawdust yog yooj yim heev, tab sis nws tsis yog noj muaj txiaj ntsig txhua, yog li ntawd, ntau yam khoom siv yuav tsum tau thiaj li hais tias mycelium yuav cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev. Ua li no, bran los yog lwm qhov chaw ntawm nitrogen muab ntxiv rau cov pob khoom. Tab sis lub cereal mycelium yog ntau ntau noj, peb twb piav nws npaj.

Yog hais tias koj xav kom colonize lub beam nrog ib tug mycelium, nws yog zoo dua los siv ib lub taub hau los yog mushroom nrog. Nws yog ib tug ntom stick ntawm nias sawdust, chips. Mycelium yog ib qho yooj yim heev rau qhov chaw nyob hauv ib lub cav. Twb tau tshawb cov ntaub ntoo, nws yuav khiav ceev ceev mus rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob. Lub ntsiab ntawm kev xaiv yog kev sib cev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub substrate. Rau cov log loj loj dowels yog tsim. Mushroom on sawdust los yog grain yuav zoo kawg nkaus populate qhib substrate, cov no yog sawdust, cardboard thiab straw. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias txhua txhua fungus prefers txawv mob. Oyster yuav zoo kawg rau loj hlob on sawdust thiab straw, tab sis nceb nyiam ib tug ntau medium nruab nrab, piv txwv li grain.

Technology ntawm loj hlob champignons

Feem ntau cov feem ntau, lub mycelium ntawm champignons yog zus rau hauv txoj kev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov mob nyob rau hauv chav tsev yog ntau ruaj, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm cia ib tug richer sau. Qab lawj thiab chaw nres tsheb, ntws thiab dhia mus tsev. Koj muaj peev xwm siv ib qho dog dig tsev xog paj, them los ntawm ncaj qha tshav ntuj. Chav tsev yuav tsum tau muab qhov cua nkag, qhov kub siab tshaj yog siab tshaj 15 degrees. Av ntub yuav tsum raug tswj, tshaj dej noo ua rau tuaj pwm txoj kev loj hlob, tsis fungi.

Peb twb tau hais tias mycelium ntawm nceb hlub ib tug zoo substrate. Txheej txheem zoo rau cov laj thawj no, npaj rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov quav tshiab (tsis pub tshaj 25%) thiab cov quav cab. Nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog sib tov cov khoom no tsis txaus. Compost npaj yog nrauv, nws yog ib txoj kev ua biochemical. Nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm nws ib complex ntawm cov tshuaj yog tsim, uas yog tagnrho rau nceb thiab yog tsis haum rau nws cov neeg sib tw. Ua kom tiav compost yog lub hauv paus ntawm sau, yog li npaj lub compost aub tsiv, sau lub Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv nws, kaw lub mowed nyom thiab tawm nws rau lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws yuav siv tau rau cov nceb nce.

Yog li, lub substrate yog npaj txhij, lub chav tsev yog tos, nws tseem tsuas yog mus rau loj hlob mycelium. Siv cov kev piav qhia, koj tuaj yeem npaj nws tus kheej lossis yuav hauv khw. Kev Siv - 500 g ib square Meter ntawm cheeb tsam.

Sau qoob los ntawm oyster nceb

Yog hais tias koj yog cov tshiab mus rau nce nceb, ces nws tsim nyog pib nrog no tsi. Lub fact tias cov oyster nceb mycelium yog loj hlob sai heev, hais tias yog, muaj ib tug tseem ceeb kom zoo dua li fungi. Txawm tias tsis yog ib qho kev lag luam zoo heev thiab muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev mob loj yuav muaj peev xwm muab tau zoo heev. Heev yooj yim los tsim thiab lub substrate unit, tej zaum nws yuav ib tug polyethylene hnab txhuv, tightly tau ntim nrog sawdust thiab lwm yam ntoo khoom. Txawm li cas los, nws yog me ntsis nyuaj kom loj hlob ib tug zoo sau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev tshaj li los npaj ib tug substrate.

Mycelium oyster nceb yog xav tau heev rau cov av noo thiab huab cua txias. Yuav kom tau ib qho txiaj ntsim zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom muaj kev nkag tau mus rau cov cua txias. Koj puas nco qab thaum cov nceb nceb pib tshwm tuaj? Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, thaum sawv ntxov yog twb txias thiab humid. Yuav kom tau qoob loo ruaj khov, koj yuav tsum tau yuav ib lub installation tshwj xeeb - ib qho cua txias huab cua. Nws ua kom txias, los yog pos huab. Ntau tus neeg tau ntsib nrog qhov tseeb tias cov blocks, cog nrog qhob nceb thiab muab tso rau hauv lub vaj, tawm los tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg los yog nyob rau hauv los nag thiab txias huab cua nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov.

Lub hauv paus ntawm substrate yuav tsum sawdust, shavings thiab chips. Raws li kev noj haus ntxiv, pearl barley feem ntau siv. 2.5 kg ntawm substrate yog feem ntau rau 300 grams cereals thiab husks ntawm sunflower. Lub substrate yuav tsum tau boiled, thiab ib feeb ua ntej qhov kawg ntawm ua noj ua haus, ntxiv grits. Thaum lub tov tau txias, ua tib zoo lim thiab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib lub tes tsho polyethylene, khi ntawm ob qho tib si. Tom qab ib hnub, rov ua dua pasteurization yog nqa tawm. Ua li no, cov pob zeb substrate yuav tsum ceev kom siab dua qhov cub rau 6 teev. Tom qab ntawd ib mycelium yog ntxiv rau qhov txias substrate. Ua li no, ob peb lub pliag yog ua nyob rau hauv lub hnab, uas yog kos rau hauv ib lub teaspoon ntawm cereal mycelium. Tom qab 20-30 hnub lub block yuav tag nrho dawb thiab yuav npaj txhij rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo kev coj tus kheej. Tam sim no ib sab ntawm qhov thaiv ntawm polyethylene yog qhib, thiab nws yog vertically ntsia.

Wb sib sau ua ke

Raws li koj tau pom, tsis muaj dab tsi yooj yim hauv nceb nceb hauv tsev. Mycelium tuaj yeem muas tau hauv lub khw lossis cog zus nws tus kheej. Cov txheej txheem no tsis yog ntev dhau lawm thiab nyuaj, tab sis yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zoo thiab ua raws li cov kev cai yooj yim. Mus ceev nws thiab coj lub caij ntev-tos hnub ntawm kev siv, siv tau npaj kom tiav mushroom pickles, uas yog muag hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yuav txo lub sij hawm ntawm yuam txiv lub cev rau tsawg kawg yog ob lub lis piam.

Tsis txhob hnov qab ua raws li purity ntawm mycelium, coob tus molds, rot thiab lwm formations hauv lub substrate qhia tau hais tias tus txheej txheem tau ua txhaum, uas txhais tau hais tias kev siv cov khoom xws li ntxiv cog rau hauv substrate yuav ua teeb meem.

Sim kom loj hlob mycelium oyster nceb rau thawj zaug. Qhov no nceb yog unpretentious. Yog hais tias koj muab nws tso rau hauv lub substrate thaum pib ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg, koj tuaj yeem tau txais tus nplua nuj sau qoob loo hauv vaj, tsis yog tsim tshwj xeeb.

Yog hais tias tus sau ntawm nceb yog feem ntau txuam nrog tsis hnov tsw ntawm koob thiab hav txwv tsis haus, ces mus rau ib tug taug kev. Qhov kev tshwm sim yog kev nco txog ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, thiab huab cua ntshiab, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov pa, yuav pab restore noj qab haus huv thiab nce lub zog rau qhov ntev ua hauj lwm lub lim tiam.