Lub physiology ntawm kev noj haus. Fundamentals ntawm physiology ntawm kev noj haus

Khoom noj khoom haus - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab Cheebtsam ntawm noj qab haus huv, kev ua zoo thiab kev zoo ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv feem ntau. Tab sis, xyuas kom meej tias tag nrho cov Cheebtsam yog muab los siv, nws yog tsim nyog raws sij hawm mov rau hauv lub cev uas muaj tej yam tshuaj nyob rau hauv txoj cai kev faib ua feem thiab ntim. Physiology ntawm kev noj haus kawm txoj kev nyob rau hauv uas nyob tus yeees ntawm cov tib neeg noj cov zaub mov yuav tsum tau: npaum li cas nws yuav tsum tau protein, rog, carbohydrates, cov vitamins thiab minerals rau kev pom kev tau hauj lwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no ceg ntawm science tsom rua lub txoj kev thiab noj mov lub sij hawm, nws volume, thiab lub zog.

carbohydrates

Physiology ntawm tib neeg kev noj haus carbohydrates assigns ib tug uas luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub zog metabolism. Ua tsaug rau lawv, tus neeg tau txais ib tug ceev ceev mov ntawm lub dag lub zog thiab lub zog, nrog rau kev puas hlwb kev ua si. Carbohydrates ua ob peb tseem ceeb functions:

• yas (ib feem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm txawv kabmob);
• ntxawg (tsis pub rau noog muaj roj oxidation tshua ketones);
• toning (active dab nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb);
• detoxification (ntsoos ntsoos noxious tshuaj).

Cov tshuaj qauv piv ntawm hydrogen thiab cov pa atoms zoo xws li cov dej lwg me me.

Cov khoom noj nyob peb hom carbohydrates:

• monosaccharide tebchaw (sawv cev los ntawm piam thaj thiab fructose);
• oligosaccharide compound (sawv cev los ntawm saccharose, lactose thiab maltose);
• polysaccharide tebchaw (sawv cev starch, glycogen, cellulose thiab pectin tshuaj).

Qhov chaw ntawm carbohydrates - yog feem ntau cog khoom noj khoom haus: txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, cereals, thiab lwm yam ...

rog

Basic physiology thiab khoom noj khoom haus huv muaj ib tug seem nyob rau lub sibhawm zoo li txog qhov yooj yim Cheebtsam ntawm cov khoom noj, vim hais tias ntawm lawv lub zog tus nqi yog ob zaug raws li high school dua cov protein thiab carbohydrates. Lipids yog ib feem ntawm tus xovtooj ntawm lug thiab cov txheej txheem muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho.

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm rog, nyias mus nyias thiab nqus ntawm cov vitamins A, D thiab E. Cov lipid sib txuas ntawm cov tam sim no biologically active tshuaj: tocopherol, lecithin, fatty acid sterol. Txhim kho lub saj ntawm cov khoom noj thiab ua rau kom nws cov nqi noj haus tau nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov rog.

Cov rog hauv cov khoom noj - nws yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov tseem ceeb sib txuas ntawm glycerine thiab fatty acids. Tsis ntev los no muab faib ua ob pawg: nyeem thiab unsaturated. Physiology hwj chim ntau dua lom tseem ceeb tshem tawm polyunsaturated fatty acids, equating lawv mus vitamins.

Lipids nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj tej khoom noj uas hais no nyob rau hauv uas fatty acids (nqaij npuas, nqaij nyuj, yaj, thiab lwm yam ...) Nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag - unsaturated (roj, ceev, cov noob).

cov nqaijrog

Fundamentals ntawm physiology ntawm kev noj haus cov nqaijrog xws li ib tug tsim nyog mob ntawm lub neej. Nws yuav ua tau tag nrho cov hlwb thiab cov nqaij mos nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Lub zog ntawm cov nqaijrog yog ntau haiv neeg: yas, lub catalyst, uas reproduces, kev tiv thaiv, antitoxic, thauj thiab lwm cov neeg.

Sib nitrogenous cov nqaijrog muaj txoj polymers muaj li ntawm amino acids 25 hom uas hais nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog ua si los ntawm lub cev (interchangeable), ib txhia tuaj xwb cov zaub mov (tseem ceeb).

Tu thiab kev noj haus physiology rau hauv tus account qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov protein ntau cov khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov tiav cov nqaijrog, nrog ib tug kuas amino acid muaj pes tsawg leeg. Tshwj xeeb yog tsim nyob rau hauv no hwm yog cov khoom ntawm tsiaj keeb kwm (nqaij, qe, mis nyuj). Tsob nroj proteins kom muaj feem ntau deficient nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb cov amino acid complex (taum pauv, buckwheat, taum, bran, thiab hais txog. D.).

macronutrients

Khoom noj khoom haus Tsim physiology xam tau tias yog macrocells li tshuaj tsim nyog rau lub qub hauj lwm ntawm lub cev muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub metabolism ntawm ntau ntau ntau. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb yog cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov pob txha yuav tsum tau calcium thiab phosphorus.

Los ntawm macroelements yog:

• calcium (mis nyuj, cheese, cheese);
• phosphorus (ntses, nqaij, mov ci, cheese, taum, cereals);
• magnesium (breads, cereals, taum, ceev);
• sodium (sodium ntsev);
• poov tshuaj (qos yaj ywm, apples, taum, taum mog);
• chloro (qhob cij, cov ntsev);
• leej faj (nqaij, nqaij ntses, qe).

Deficiency ntawm macronutrients ua rau ntau yam kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab tshuab, feem ntau raug rau cov pob txha thiab cov hlab ntsha.

micronutrients

Txoj lw ntsiab ua ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej kev khiav dej num, rau optimum lag luam hauv lub cev raws li ib tug tag nrho thiab nws cov neeg hauv nruab nrog cev.

Cov pab pawg neeg ntawm ib txoj lw ntsiab muaj xws li:

• iron (tsiaj siab, buckwheat);
• zinc (daim siab, taum);
• Iodine (seaweed, Blue daim siab roj, hiav txwv ntses);
• Fluoro (hiav txwv ntses, dej, teas).

Physiology yog teem rau noj cov zaub mov khoom noj khoom haus lub koom haum nrog ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm macro- thiab micronutrients tsim nyog los tswj kev noj qab nyob.

vitamins

Nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv nyeem "Biology. Physiology cov khoom noj "(Qib 7) cov lus qhia txog cov vitamins nyob rau hauv ob peb seem. Lawv lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cev tseem ceeb heev functions tsis tau overestimated. Cov active tshuaj yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv enzymes thiab cov tshuaj hormones muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv metabolic dab, muab taub hau nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab tshuab.

Vitamins tsis ua los ntawm lub cev, ces nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lawv kev noj haus kom tsawg. Deficiency ua mus rau lub tsos ntawm cov kab mob, qaug zog, tsis ua hauj lwm zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv.

A kuas noj haus yuav tsum muaj cov nram no vitamins:

• A - txhawb cov kev kho mob thiab youthfulness ntawm daim tawv nqaij, pom tau qhov sib pom tseeb tseeb, kev tiv thaiv (qhov chaw: carrots, qe, mis nyuj, herring, daim siab);
• B ₁ - Saib kuas cov hauj lwm ntawm nqaij thiab paj fibers, tus zus tau tej cov zog (qhov chaw: mov, nqaij, taum, ceev);
• B ₂ - activates txoj kev loj hlob thiab lub zog metabolism (qhov chaw: nkaub qe, nqaij qaib, ntses, poov xab);
• B ₆ - pab metabolize carbohydrates thiab nqaijrog, txhawb enzymatic tshua (Qhov chaw: qos yaj ywm, ntses, nqaij, tag nrho grain mov, zaub);
• B ₁₂ - tiv thaiv anemia, mob ntawm poob siab system (qhov chaw: nqaij ntses nyoo, mis nyuj, cov nqaij, qe);
• C - txhawb lub cev, noj qab nyob zoo cov hniav, daim tawv nqaij thiab pob txha (qhov chaw: txiv kab ntxwv, txiv qaub, dub currants, sawv duav, qab zib kua txob);
• D - yeej txhawb qhov haum calcium uas, kev nce ntawm cov hniav thiab tes (qhov chaw: fatty ntses, khoom noj siv mis);
• E - tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm lub cellular theem, yeej txhawb daim tawv nqaij lwm (qhov chaw: nqaij, zaub roj, cereals).

Physiology ntawm kev noj haus yuav qhov tsawg ntawm cov vitamins nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshwj xeeb systems, txiav mus rau lub hnub nyoog thiab txoj kev ua neej ntawm tus neeg.

khoom noj khoom haus Tu

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus noj mus rau hauv tus account lub microbiological muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom, lub cev ntawm cov khoom noj - khoom noj khoom haus kev ntxuav tu thiab kev tu cev cwj pwm. Nws paus ntsiab lus yuav tsum sawv cev los ntawm lub cai nram qab no:

1. Cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau raws li ntau haiv neeg.
2. Txhua txhua hnub, ob peb lub sij hawm nws yog tsim nyog los siv cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov hmoov nplej, cereals los yog qos yaj ywm.
3. Tsis tu ncua lub cev ua si txaus.
4. Yuav tsum noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub txhua hnub.
5. Yuav tsum tau ib tug tas mus li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nqaijrog nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov yog qhov kev kawm hloov ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
6. Tsis txhob noj ntawm ua kom zoo qab zib.
7. Tsis txhob ua phem rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ntsev rau zaub mov.

Ua noj zaub mov yuav tsum muab kev nyab xeeb thiab siab tshaj plaws preservation ntawm pab thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom (dua li ua noj ua haus, xws li steaming, ci, ua noj ua haus nyob rau hauv ib tug microwave qhov cub).

Raws li cov kev cai yooj yim yuav txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom noj.

Khoom noj khoom haus

Ib qho tseem ceeb cov lus nug, uas tseem ua hauj lwm nrog cov physiology ntawm kev noj haus, - lub cuab yeej ntawm khoom noj khoom haus ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv ib qho zoo tagnrho muaj tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau ib lub koom haum nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas lub tus nqi noj haus ntawm cov nqaij nyoos khoom bases muaj zog. Lub qhov kawg usefulness ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau txiav txim tsis zoo xwb los ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov as-ham, tab sis kuj los ntawm raws li qhov uas lawv muaj peev xwm yuav assimilated los ntawm lub cev. Qhov teeb meem no yog kev cob cog rua nrog ob zom cov zaub mov thiab nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam muaj sia muaj dab.

Txawm tias tag nrho cov teeb meem, nws yog zoo tsim hais tias high-zoo khoom noj khoom haus yog nqis ntau npaum li cas zoo dua li ib txwm thiab ua los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv huv. Cov cua thiab appetizing zaub mov, qhov pab tau ntau nws yuav tsum yog rau lub cev. Qhov tseeb yuav tsum raug xam tias yog nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom noj ntau lawm.

kev ntxuav tu Tsim

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein, rog, carbohydrates, cov vitamins thiab minerals xav microbiology, kev noj haus tej hlab ntshav. Chaw khaws khib nyiab kuj yog teem rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kev cai ntawm tus kheej kev tu cev nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj thiab kev noj zaub mov. Lawv ceeb toom rau kab mob sib kis ntawm cov khoom uas tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv cov pathogens, triggering zaub mov raug kuab lom thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kab mob.

Kev mloog yog them mus rau lub muaj kab mob tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov npaj tsim catering. Cov theem siab ntawm tus kheej kev tu cev ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj feem xyuam rau cov kab lis kev cai ntawm kev sis raug zoo nrog cov neeg muas zaub.

Cov kev cai ntawm ib tug neeg tu vaj tse txheej txheem muab rau tej yam uas yuav tsum tau ntawm tes, lub qhov ncauj, overalls, lag luam tej yam kev mob rau lub koom haum, cov kev kho mob kuaj neeg ua hauj lwm.

Tej kev tu cev ntawm txhua tus neeg thaum noj mov yuav txhij txhua ntxuav tes, tab sis los ntawm tseem ceeb, thiab tag nrho lub cev khaub ncaws huv, kev siv ntawm ib tug neeg txheej tais diav. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kab mob sib yuav txwv kev sib cuag nrog lwm leej lwm tus.

Physiology ntawm kev noj haus raws li ib tug scientific kev qhuab qhia

Kev qhuab qhia "Physiology cov khoom noj" qhia luv luv nyob rau hauv theem nrab tsev kawm ntawv, deployed - nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv qib. Nws muaj xws li cov kev kawm txog cov physiological systems, khoom noj khoom haus muaj feem, ib puag ncig thiab kev kho mob yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg kev noj haus, plab zom mov tsim. Ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm cov hoob kawm mob siab rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov as-ham, tej ntsiab cai ntawm nqus tau cov khoom noj, tu cev thiab tu vaj tse nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj, ua thiab cia ntawm cov khoom. Physiology ntawm kev noj haus nrog rau cov kev qhia tswj ntawm nyob rau hauv MERCHANDISING - zaum kawg thematic seem, yuav tsum vov lub economic feem ntawm qhov teeb meem.