Koom pheej ntawm Russia: daim ntawv nyob rau hauv alphabetical thiaj

Ntawm 85 yam nws tsim ib feem ntawm Russia. Koom pheej ua li ib feem plaub ntawm tus nqi no. Lawv tau dab tsi rau hais txog peb caug feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov ncig ntawm lub teb chaws. Muaj nyob ib lub sixth ntawm tag nrho cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub xeev (tsis suav cov Crimea). Peb tsom xam nyob rau hauv ntau yam lub sij hawm "koom pheej". Cov tsab xov xwm yuav tau muab ib co keeb kwm ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov chaw no yog ib daim ntawv teev cov chaw uas muaj nyob niaj hnub no.

Lub sij hawm "Lavxias teb sab koom pheej"

Regions thiab ib cheeb tsam pom tau hais tias yuav administrative-hwv tivthaiv ntawm lub teb chaws. Koom pheej feem ntau yog hu ua pej xeem chaw. Peb yuav hais tias lawv sawv cev rau ib tug me me lub teb chaws lub koom haum, uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm ib lub xeev. Tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab koom pheej tsim nws tus kheej Constitution. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv kawm yuav legalize tib yam rau tag nrho cov autonomy lub xeev hom lus. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub Soviet Union siv lub tswvyim ntawm siv yooj yim Socialist republics (abbreviated - ASSR), uas kuj hu ua autonomous cheeb tsam. Lawv tseem ceeb lub teb chaws thiab lub xeev formations, thaum lub regional chaw zov me nyuam thiab cov npoo ntawm lub teb chaws hu ua chav nyob.

thaum ntxov kev kawm ntawv

Koom pheej ntawm Russia pib tsim nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua thaum ntxov, yuav luag tas lub kiv puag ncig. Lawv tau tsim, tawm hauv lub ntsig txog lub xeev cov chaw thiab lwm cov chav nyob. Txawm li cas los, ntau xws chaw pib tshwm sim los ntawm twb uas twb muaj lawm cheeb tsam muaj ib tug dawb txoj hauj lwm. lawv feem ntau yog nyias muaj nyias ib cheeb tsam, tiam sis tej zaum yog ib feem cheeb tsam thiab lub regional chaw zov me nyuam. Thaum lub Constitution tau txais, tus tshiab koom pheej pib tshwm thiab tsawg tsawg nyob rau hauv 1936. Ob peb nyob yav tas los siab cais Russia, nyob, txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lub USSR.

Formations uas yog ib feem ntawm lwm yam kev kawm

Muaj tsis tau tsuas yog lub republics ntawm Russia. Lawv raug tsim nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm txoj kev kawm ntawv department twb qhia ib tug self-muaj chav nyob. Piv txwv li, los ntawm cov Soviet koom pheej ntawm Georgia sawv tawm ywj siab kawm - Adzharistan thiab Abkhazia. Ib tug tsim nyob rau hauv Nakhichevan ntawm lub Azerbaijan koom pheej. Tsis pub dhau tsib lub xyoos Uzbek SSR muaj lub tsim ntawm ib tug siv yooj yim Tajikistan. Tom qab ntawd, nws thaum kawg tau tag nrho ywj siab thiab tau los ua tus Tajik SSR, thiab ib tug pab pawg nrog rau cov ib zaug patronized koom pheej. Ib tug ob peb xyoos tom qab Uzbekistan yog nyob rau hauv lub muaj lub Karakalpak ASSR. Lub ib ncig ntawm Ukraine ua ntej lawm adjoined koom pheej ntawm Moldova, uas tshuav nws tom qab nees nkaum-rau xyoo ntawm lub union, tawm hauv ib feem ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Cov yav tas tsim koom pheej los ua Tuva. Tom qab nws qhia tus xov tooj ntawm siv yooj yim koom haum tsis hloov rau lwm peb caug xyoo.

ntxiv txoj kev loj hlob

Txij li thaum 1990, rov pib coj zoo lawm Lavxias teb sab koom pheej (hauv daim ntawv yuav tsum muab hauv qab no). Tam sim no, txawm li cas los, kev kawm ntawv yog vim muaj lub tshaaj ntawm cov qub autonomous cov chaw thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm meej hwjchim kav. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1990 thiab tau tiav nws tus kheej-sufficiency txhua koom pheej, raws li zoo raws li ntau qhov chaw tsis tau yav tas los muaj autonomy. Muaj tau ib tug transformation ntawm Adygeya, Khakassia, Gorno-Altaisk thiab, dua li lawv, Karachay-Cherkessia chaw. Ces lawv phua Chechnya thiab Ingushetia hais tias ib zaug tau ua ke koom pheej. Thaum lub sij hawm kawm ntawm cov txheej txheem rau cov tshaaj ntawm kev ywj pheej nws twb muab tsub lub title ntawm lub sovereign. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias rau txhua lub sij hawm tsis hais lub npe ntawm tau txais republics tag nrho autonomy thiab sib cais los ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab territories. Tom qab tau kev ywj siab, tshiab chaw muaj evolved txawv. Piv txwv li, cia li tsim koom pheej ntawm Adjara thiab Nakhichevan, uas rau ntau xyoo twb tus txheej xwm ntawm autonomies, merged nrog rau lwm cov koom haum. Yog li, lawv los ua ib feem ntawm lub Georgian thiab Azerbaijani formations. Abkhazia yog ib tug Soviet koom pheej, tau los nyob twj ywm ib feem ntawm lub union ntawm sovereign lub xeev, thaum Georgia ho tsis txhawb lub tswv yim no. Ib tug zoo xws li cov teeb meem sawv nyob rau hauv Transnistria, yav tas los xam tau tias yog mus yuav tau ib feem ntawm cov Moldavian autonomy, thiab ces txiav txim siab los ua ib tug neeg sab nraud ncig. Ib tug thaj yeeb daws twb tsis pom, yog li pib ib tug series ntawm cov tub rog ua hauj lwm. Lawv yeej tsis pab Georgia thiab Moldova los tswj, tab sis pab mus rau acceleration ntawm lub tsim ntawm ob tug tshiab republics - Abkhazia thiab Transnistria.

daim ntawv teev

Paub nees nkaum-ob autonomous kev kawm ntawv. Raws li txoj cai, tag nrho cov qhov chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab koom pheej faib nyob rau hauv alphabetical thiaj. Yog li, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev los ntawm:

• Koom pheej ntawm Adygea;
• Altai;
• Bashkortostan;
• Buryatia;
• Dagestan;
• Ingushetia;
• Kabardino-Balkar koom pheej;
• Kalmykia;
• Karachay-Cherkess koom pheej;
• Karelia;
• Komi;
• Koom pheej ntawm Crimea;
• Mari El;
• Mordovia;
• Saha (Iakutiia) ;
• North Ossetia - Alania;
• Tatarstan;
• Tyva koom pheej;
• Udmurt koom pheej;
• Khakassia;
• Lub Chechen koom pheej;
• Chuvashia.

Chuvash koom pheej

Cov kev kawm yog nyob rau hauv lub Volga hav. Nyob rau lub tsev txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Volga upland yog nyob, thiab nyob rau sab laug - ca cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv no ib feem ntawm lub Volga tau txais tributaries Sura, Anish thiab Tsivil. Nyob rau hauv lub 2nd xyoo txhiab BC, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub tam sim no koom pheej inhabited los ntawm Balanovskaya cev thiab nationalities. Tom qab ib tug ob peb centuries lawv hloov Gorodets pab pawg neeg. Active colonization pib nyob rau hauv lub 7-9 centuries AD. Nyob rau hauv Lower Volga cheeb tsam thaum lub sij hawm pab pawg neeg migrated suwar thiab Bulgarians. Tom qab, los ntawm cov haiv neeg tsim Chuvash. Los ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog 10-13, Volga Bulgaria twb tsim. Tab sis los ntawm 14th xyoo pua hauv lub xeev tau poob mus rau hauv lwj. Qhov no yog vim lub invasions ntawm lub Mongols. Yog li, rau centuries lub teb chaws dhau mus rau lub Bulgarians, cov Mongol-Tatars, ces tog nrog cov Kazan Khanate (nyob rau hauv 1546 ib ncig ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Chuvashia yog nyob rau hauv nws cov quab). Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov neeg nug kev pab los ntawm lub reigning lub sij hawm Ivana Groznogo. Nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum rau xyoo pua lawv annexed rau Russia nws tus kheej. Chuvash koom pheej muaj nyob rau nws lub teb chaws ib tug ob peb fortresses. Ntawm lawv, xws li piv txwv li Yadrin, Tsivilsk.