Kem - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb architectural caij

Lub architectural tswvyim ntawm "kem" - ib tug ntsug kev txhawb nqa, uas bears lub load ntawm lub ntws los qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no siv lub caij tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug zoo nkauj muaj nuj nqi thiab siv raws li ib tug kho kom zoo nkauj no qhia piv txwv ib tug pej thuam nyob rau hauv sab saum toj. Feem ntau daim ntawv ntawm xws li ib tug qauv - round. Tab sis kuj tshwm sim square, ib thiab complex zoo li tus kab.

Raws li hais ua ntej lawm, sab - yog ib tug architectural caij, uas muaj ob peb lub ntsiab qhov chaw: puag, qia thiab capitals. Cia peb xav txog txhua yam uas lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej.

Base - lub feem ntau loj heev tivthaiv, uas nws lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi - tsim tuav thiab hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm load rau hauv lub hauv paus. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no caij yog nyob ntawm yeem, tab sis yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm yeej.

Chim - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sab. Zaum nws yuav muaj ib tug txawv cov duab, yog li ntawd koj yuav tau siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm yeej thiab cov lus qhia.

Capital - lwm tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm sab. Hais tias nws ua rau nws tau mus faib lub load txwv zeej txwv koob. Raws li zoo raws li sab tivthaiv - puag, uas yog tej zaum kuj ploj lawm designs. Cuaj kaum, qhov no yog tej zaum cov feem ntau qhia ib feem ntawm lub architectural ntsiab piav.

Yog li, sab - yog xws li ib tug lub tsev qauv, uas los ntawm lub redistribution tshwm sim muaj kuab load rau lub hauv paus. Nws muaj ib tug ntsug layout thiab yog yus muaj los ntawm tus piv ntawm cov transverse dimension rau nws qhov siab. Wherein thawj parameter muaj ib tug nqi ob peb lub sij hawm me me tshaj lub thib ob.

Tam sim no, muaj yog ib tug ncaj uas nws kim heev kev faib ntawm cov architectural ntsiab. Piv txwv li, nws yog ua tau rau lub npe feem ntau hom kab nyob rau ntawm qhov raug cov ntaub ntawv uas. Cov no muaj xws qhob thiab hlau them nyiaj yug. Cov kev tsim npaum li cas nyob rau hauv coob nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Nws tsis, nws yog ib tug muaj enterprise, ib tug yuav khoom qhov chaw los yog cov chaw nres tsheb - kem hom no muaj tam sim no nyob rau hauv feem ntau.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov kev faib muaj xws li division los ntawm ntau yam stylistic qhia. Xav txog cov feem ntau notable.

Caryatids. Xws li ib tug kem - yog ib tug duab puab, uas ua rau tag nrho cov kev khiav dej num ntawm cov tsoos ntsiab ntawm no hom ntawm architecture. Nws yog ib tug ua kom zoo zoo daim pov thawj ntawm ancient Greek tuam tsev.

Kandelyabrovaya kem yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug gradual hloov nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-section, uas ua rau nws nthuav yeeb yam zoo. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tsis yog tib hom uas muaj ib tug kuj tsis paub meej txoj kab uas hla mus qhov siab ratio. Cov architectural ntsiab yog lug siv nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance.

Tej architectural caij protodoricheskogo hom muaj ib tug ntawm cov kev geometrical nrhiav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov loj ntawm lub kab yog txiav txim los ntawm heev nruj proportions. Nws yog tshwm sim nyob rau ancient Greece.