Is Nrias teb attractions ntawm lub teb chaws. Is Nrias teb: Nthuav lus tseeb

Mysterious thiab amazing Is Nrias teb ... Thaum nws tshav puam muaj yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob civilizations originated Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism thiab Hinduism. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham txog cov qauv ntawm lub teb chaws no. Cia peb xav txog lub teb chaws-hwv division ntawm Is Nrias teb, raws li tau zoo raws li qhia txog lub ntsiab attractions thiab festivals.

Cov koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb. tsoom fwv hom

Is Nrias teb tau ntev tiv thaiv rau lawv muaj kev ywj pheej, ua British colony. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov lus nug feem ntau tshwm sim: "Is Nrias teb - ib tug monarchy los yog ib tug koom pheej?". Yeej nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo, lub teb chaws tau muaj kev ywj pheej xwb nyob rau hauv 1947. Txij thaum ntawd los, tsoom fwv tau txais ib txoj cai ntawm kev ywj pheej txoj kev loj hlob thiab lub active kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws raws li ib tug tag nrho.

Is Nrias teb - koom pheej, ib tug tsoom fwv teb chaws lub xeev, uas yog txhais los ntawm cov kevcai tswj raws li ib tug sovereign socialist secular kev ywj pheej koom pheej. Ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub xeev yog cov thawj tswj hwm. Is Nrias teb - ib tug parliamentary koom pheej nrog ob lag, uas nruab nrab yog cov Rajya Sabha (sab sauv lub tsev) thiab cov neeg Chamber (qis lub tsev).

Lub xeev thiab ib cheeb tsam yog lub teb chaws-hwv division ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub xeev muaj 29 lub xeev uas muaj lawv tus kheej executive thiab PatientsÕ tub ceev xwm. National-hwv division ntawm Is Nrias teb, kuj implies lub hav zoov ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws 7 qhov chaw uas yuav tau hais rau ib cheeb tsam thiab ib tug Capital Territory ntawm Delhi. Lawv yog tswj los ntawm lub hauv paus tseem fwv ntawm Is Nrias teb.

Pejxeem thiab cov lus ntawm Is Nrias teb

Cov koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb, uas nws cov pejxeem yog ib-thib rau lub ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus pej xeem, yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau haiv neeg. Muaj txog 1.30 billion neeg, thiab soj ntsuam ntawm kwv yees hais tias tsis ntev nws yuav ntes Tuam Tshoj nyob rau hauv xov tooj.

Hindi yog lub teb chaws yam lus thiab feem ntau, nws yog hais los ntawm ntau tshaj 40% ntawm cov pejxeem. Lwm yam nrov lus yog lus Askiv, Punjabi, Urdu, gundzharti, Bengali, Telugu, Kannada, thiab thiaj li nyob .. Nyob rau hauv lub Indian lub xeev muaj lawv tus kheej official lus.

Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem muaj Hinduism (yuav luag 80%) nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw nyob rau loj heev es Islam, ces cov ntseeg kev ntseeg, Sikhism thiab Buddhism.

Nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, ib tug muaj hauj lwm npaum li cas. Thaum ib tug billion-khib cov neeg nyob ntawm kev lag kev luam neeg nquag xwb 500 lab Kwv yees li 70% yog ua liaj ua teb thiab hav zoov, thiab ze li ntawm ib nrab ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub zos, kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam sector.

Ancient lub xeev thiab zej zog

Protogosudarstva tsim nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb txawm nyob rau hauv qhov kuv txhiab BC, nws thiaj li transforming mus rau ib tug ntau ntseeg xeev formations nrog ib tug monarchical system ntawm tsoom fwv. Txawm li cas los, nrog rau cov monarchy nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab feem ntau xa mus rau thaum uas tig mus hav zoov ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb.

Koom pheej ntawm ancient Is Nrias teb yog tej zaum hu ua Kshatriya los yog oligarchic koom pheej. Lawv feem ntau tiv thaiv nrog lub monarchies ntawm txoj cai ntawm lub hwj chim. Hwj Chim ntawm lub koom pheej yog tsis raws roj ntsha thiab raug xaiv rulers yuav tsiv mus nyob, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm dissatisfaction nrog lawv ua hauj lwm.

Txawm ces, nyob rau hauv lub republics tau ib tug kev sib raug zoo division ntawm haiv neeg mus rau hauv castes, tawm hauv ib tug sib sib zog nqus imprint rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev, Is Nrias teb (nyob rau hauv lub zos tseem Caste division tau muab khaws cia tseg). Cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub zej zog yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub oligarchy, uas ris lub npe ntawm cov "Raja". Nws yuav tsum tau dhau ib tug tshwj xeeb dawb ceev rite yog tsim nyog los muab cov npe.

Interestingly, lub siab tshaj plaws caste Brahmins Ameslikas xam tau tias yog - cov txiv plig. Nyob rau hauv monarchies, cov kev cai persisted. Kshatriyas tib yam - nws yog cov tub rog, tiv thaiv, thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov haiv neeg, feem ntau lawv coj tus thib ob, yog hais tias tsis peb, tom qab tus dignitaries. Nyob rau hauv lub ancient Indian Kshatriyas republics struggled nrog lub Brahmins rau lawv txoj cai, thiab tej zaum kuj yuam kom lawv xa mus rau Brahmins.

Indian caste

Kawm Indian haiv neeg tseem hwm cov laus lig kev cai. Prevailing nyob rau hauv ancient lub sij hawm kev faib hauj lwm hnub no. Lub inhabitants ntawm Is Nrias teb yog cov yuav raug arbitrary cai lij choj uas cov kws kho nyias rau txhua caste, tam sim no lawv yog hu ua varna.

Nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, muaj plaub lub ntsiab castes. Cov theem siab tshaj plaws, raws li nyob rau hauv lub ancient monarchies, coj cov Brahmans. Yav tas los, lawv twb pov thawj, thiab tam sim no qhia nyob rau hauv pawg ntseeg, cog lus ntawm sab ntsuj plig kev loj hlob thiab kev kawm rau cov pejxeem. Lawv yuav tsis koom nyob rau hauv ua hauj lwm thiab muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus npaj, teej tug mus rau lwm caste neeg.

Kshatriyas yog ib kauj ruam hauv qab no. Feem ntau lawv nyob administrative txaus los yog nyob qib qub lawv tus kheej nrog cov tub rog affairs. Cov poj niam ntawm no caste yog txwv tsis pub mus yuav ib tug txiv neej uas yog hauv qab no cov nyob qib. Tus txiv neej, qhov no kev txwv no tsis siv.

Vaishya ntev lawm liaj ua teb thiab traders. Nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub Indian haiv neeg, lawv tau hloov txoj hauj lwm. Tam sim no Vaishya yuav tuav txoj haujlwm uas muaj feem rau nyiaj txiag.

Qhov tseem qias neeg ua hauj lwm yeej ib txwm nyob Sudras. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws yog tus peasants thiab qhev. Tam sim no lawv yog cov poorest ya ntawm cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv slums.

Lwm caste hu ua "untouchables", uas muaj xws li tag nrho cov neeg siab tsis ncaj. Lawv, nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo npaum li, yog txawm qis dua lub Sudras. Untouchables, twb nyob rau hauv lub caste, raug muab faib ua tej pawg neeg nyias. Piv txwv li, yog ib tug pab pawg neeg uas muaj xws li gays, bisexuals, hermaphrodites. Xws li tus neeg feem ntau lom zem neeg ntawm lwm cov castes nyob rau hauv ntau yam festivals.

Cov tib neeg uas tsis yog rau tej caste thiab tiag xam tau tias yog neeg raug ncaws tawm - pariah - cov neeg uas yog yug los ntawm cov neeg los ntawm txawv castes. Lawv yuav tsis pub kom tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub khw, nyob rau pej xeem thauj.

Cov koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb attractions

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws qhov chaw yog undoubtedly lub Taj Mahal - marble mausoleum, uas, raws li cov lus dab neeg, ib tug Indian kav ua nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm nws tus poj niam. Dawb dome, ruam tag qauv, cov phab ntsa dai kom zoo nkauj nrog precious pob zeb thiab paintings, tiaj ua si nrog ib tug amazing gallery kem.

Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tsis tau txhua yam uas yuav khav ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb. Attractions muaj xws li ob lub teb chaws tus ntau architectural lug thiab tej kev zoo nkauj. Piv txwv li, Dudhsagar dej tsaws tsag, uas yog xam cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub foothills ntawm tus Western Ghats thiab yog surrounded los ntawm cov cim ua hauj lwm.

Indian lub zos kuj muaj ib tug ntau ntawm kev txaus siab. Nyob rau hauv Delhi muaj fortification Liab Fort, ua nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb style thiab pw lub hauv paus ntawm lub Mughal architecture.

Nyob rau hauv Mumbai, koj muaj peev xwm laij los ntawm cov pavilions Bollywood - lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm lub Indian zaj duab xis kev lag luam. Txojkev "liab lub nroog" ntawm Jaipur koj yuav mus kev. Ntawm no yog cov palace ntawm Maharaja thiab Fort Amber.

Nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Calcutta, dhau li ntawm tus nto moo Kali lub tuam tsev yog qhov loj tshaj plaws zoo nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb thiab cov Indian Tsev khaws puav pheej.

ib co kua nplaum ntawm ancient sij hawm

Muaj ntau cov chaw twb tau ua ntev ua ntej cov advent ntawm cov niaj hnub pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb. Lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj stupa nyob rau hauv Madhya Pradesh. Sanchi stupa ua rov qab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua III BC, lwm stupas tau ua nyob rau hauv nws cov duab. Ib tug stupa yog ib tug monument ntawm thaum ntxov tug hauj architecture, txhua yam ntawm nws ua ib lub cim. Lub hauv paus yog lub ntiaj teb thiab cov neeg thiab cov hemisphere - lub gods.

Ntawm cov attractions yog cov ancient lub qhov tsua lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Maharashtra. Lawv carved rau centuries los ntawm Tug hauj monks, pib los ntawm lub II xyoo pua BC. Nyob rau hauv Ellora yog hais txog 30 pob zeb qhov tsua.

Hampi tuam tsev rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ancient nroog ntawm Vijayanagara, yog hais nyob rau hauv lub "Ramayana" - lub ancient Indian epic. Qhov no qhov chaw yog feem ntau xa mus rau tawm hauv lub nroog. Tuam tsev thiab tam sim no ua hauj lwm. Nws yog situated ntawm cov siab toj, muaj raws ntawm cov loj loj boulders. Raws li cov lus dab neeg lub pob zeb no saib vajtswv Hanuman tus liab.

Laus lub zos nyob Gokarna yog tsuas yog ib txoj kev nyob qhov twg yuav luag tag nrho cov tsev ntoo. Hindus ntseeg tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub zos no tus vaj tswv Shiva sawv hauv qhov bowels ntawm lub ntiaj teb tom qab raug rho tawm, ces nws dawb huv.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws Tug hauj zej zog yog nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua me ntsis Tibet. Muaj peb tug hauj temples thiab ob monasteries. Tej traveler yog muaj nyob rau hauv, yog li ntawd koj yuav saib tau cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej ob lub qhov muag. Tus me Tibet yog ib tug Tibetan ua lag luam thiab penny crafts, qhov chaw uas koj muaj peev xwm tuaj koom nrog lub zus tau tej cov ntaub pua plag.

Temples thiab tombs

Ib qho ntawm feem nthuav attractions ntawm Is Nrias teb yog lub tombs thiab lub tuam tsev. Lub qhov ntxa uas Humayun yog tsis dai kom zoo nkauj nrog precious pob zeb, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub npe li saum no mausoleum, tab sis nws yog ib tsab. Nws yog situated nyob rau hauv Delhi thiab yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm Mogul architecture.

Lub thaj neeb Itemad-ud-Daula thiab tawm kev zoo nkauj. Nws yog ib tug quadrangular tsev, uas yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug me me pedestal. Txhua lub ces kaum Dai minaret mus rau 13 meters siab. Nyob rau hauv marble phab ntsa nrog kev pab los ntawm semi-precious pob zeb raug nteg txawv dluab.

Tuam tsev Harmandir Sahib kuj tsis tau overlooked. Nws ua tau rov qab nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua thiab yog tam sim no ib tug qhov chaw ntawm kev teev tiam rau Sikhs. Ib tug nqaim ua ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw ntawm ib tug dag pas dej qhov twg yog qhov Golden tuam tsev. Nws puag ncig lub pas dej ib lub teb vaj tse, txoj kev ua ke nrog lub tsev teev ntuj es loj architectural complex.

Virupaksha tuam tsev nyob rau hauv South Is Nrias teb hnub los txog VII caug xyoo. Nws tsis yog ib tug lub tsev, thiab ib tug loj lub tuam tsev complex. Pej thuam muaj ib tug tseem ceeb tuam tsev 9 theem thiab nce mus txog li 50 meters. Nyob ze koj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug sanctuary thiab chaw ua si nrog txhua. Nyob rau hauv no qhov chaw lossi attracts pilgrims thiab mas mus ncig tebchaws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav no thaum lub sij hawm ntau festivals, xws li kab tshoob Success Virupaksha thiab Pampa.

nroog slums

Tom qab mus xyuas lub Taj Mahal yog kiag li tsis yooj yim sua rau hais tias nws twb tau nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, nws yog tag nrho cov cia li ib sab ntawm lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws no. Tus lwm sab yog muab zais nyob rau hauv lub slums ntawm lub nroog loj ntawm Is Nrias teb. Cov chaw no yog tsim rau lub neej ntawm cov neeg pluag thiab nyob ntawm no rau ob peb vam tus neeg.

Dharavi slum nyob rau hauv Mumbai, yog ib zaug xam tau tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Muaj cov tsev kho mob, cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab thaj chaw mus txog rau 10 square meters. m., yog lub tsev mus rau ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau 20 cov neeg. Lub poorest cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntaub. Khab yog tsis heev huv - khib nyiab ces muab pov tseg rau hauv txoj kev, tom ntej no mus rau qhov chaw ntawm chaw nyob. Ib txhia, txawm li cas los, sim saib xyuas ntawm koj tus kheej tsis tu ncua ntxuav thiab tu txawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev.

General view ntawm lub slums tseem sawv cev rau ib tug hlau multi-storey tsev, plywood, canvas daim ntaub dai nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim tsim ib tug semblance ntawm vaj tse, thiab khib nyiab. Tag nrho cov kev ua ub no, los ntawm ua noj ua haus rau ntxuav yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug slum ntawm txoj kev. Lub tsev nyob no yog tsim los pw tsaug zog. Lub pov tseg yog poured mus rau hauv lub ditch qhia tshwj xeeb uas txawm peem rau nrog dej.

Neeg nyiam heev ntawm txawv tshaj plaw so yog xws chaw yog heev picturesque thiab cov yeeb yuj. Txawm li cas los, nyuam qhuav, nyob rau hauv lub slum chaw koom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, thiab tej zaum yuav tsis ntev ploj ntawm no highlight ntawm Is Nrias teb.

Nyiaj so koobtsheej thiab festivals

Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov multinational lub teb chaws, nyob qhov twg ntau nquam paj nquam nruas kev cai dab qhuas hnub caiv, dua li lawv muaj ntawm lub teb chaws tseem ceeb hnub so: koom pheej hnub, Independence hnub thiab Gandhi lub hnub yug. Nyob rau lub hnub ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb (saib hauv qab no kev yees duab) tau sau tseg rau hauv lub me nyuam los tu ntawm 26 Lub ib hlis ntuj 1950 ntawm lub Constitution, uas qhia rau hauv lub kawg liberation ntawm teb chaws Aas Kiv.

Txhua txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb noj peb caug lub nyiaj so koobtsheej, nplooj siab mus rau tus dej Ganges - Ganga Mahotsava. Nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis, lub nroog ntawm Varanasi yog animated, ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm tus dawb huv dej neeg sib sau ua ke rau da dej nyob rau hauv nws. Local hu nkauj pej xeem nkauj thiab dancing. Lub ntsiab kev tshwm sim yog lub community launch txog ib tug dej ntawm glowing teeb moos soos. Ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua ib tug xav kom, thiab yog hais tias lub teeb yuav hlawv rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, ces nco ntsoov mus ua lub zais gods.

Diwali - yog lwm hnub caiv ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Is Nrias teb. Lub nroog ntawm lub sij hawm no sau nrog lub teeb, uas, raws li kev lig kev cai, yuav tsum defeat lub siab phem thiab hmoov phem. Txhua qhov txhia chaw zes teeb, garlands, taws tswm ciab, cov nkauj thiab nrog nrov festivities.

Qhov no caij nplooj ntoos hlav Festival - Holi - lom pib ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj thiab kav rau tsib hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, hlawv ib tug effigy Kholiki, thiab nyob rau lub thib ob hnub ncuav rau txhua lwm yam kob hmoov thiab tej txuj lom, ncuav lub dyed dej, xav zoo siab.

nthuav lus tseeb

• Tej manipulation ntawm cov ntshuam thiab export ntawm lub zos txiaj yog txwv tsis pub los ntawm txoj cai lij choj.
• Nrog rau tag nrho cov loj xov tooj ntawm cov neeg, Is Nrias teb Qib thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm abortions.
• Qhov no lub teb chaws yog lub txwv zeej txwv koob chess, algebra thiab geometry. Lub npe "chess" ua ntej lawm tsis nyuaj li "chaturanga" thiab txhais raws li plaub-qib pab tub rog.
• Number of post chaw ua hauj lwm no ntau tshaj nyob qhov twg lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov no yog tsab, vim hais tias cov slum dwellers tsis txawm muaj chaw nyob.
• Nyob txog 3 txhiab xyoo dhau los, Ayur Veda yog suav hais tias yog thawj zaug nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev kho mob rau cov tib neeg.
• Navigation muaj nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb ntau tshaj 6000 xyoo dhau los.
• Nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, "raws li rau tej khaub ncaws," thiab escorted heev. Raws li nws hais tias nyob rau hauv kev sib raug stratum uas ib tug neeg yog. Tseem Ceeb ntaub style thiab tseem muaj xim. Hairstyle cov poj niam tseem ceeb heev.
• Lub teb chaws muaj txog 1,500 dialects ntawm ntau yam lus.
• Kom txog thaum txog 1960 nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb raug tso cai rau siv cov yeeb tshuaj xas.
• Thaum Indian khaub-ncaws nyias fabrics conquered lub Roman emperors. Lawv txawm muab piv nrog rau cov cua. Nws yog thawj paj rwb ntaub nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
• Freddie Mercury muaj Indian cov hauv paus hniav.
• Ua ntej xa mus rau teb chaws Aas Kiv thiab ua nws colony, Is Nrias teb muaj ib tug ntawm cov richest lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Yog vim li cas neeg tsav nkoj ua npau suav nrhiav nws hiav txwv tseem khiav.
• Yog hais tias Indian shakes sib nrug nws lub taub hau, raws li yog hais reproaching koj, tsis txhob txhawj, vim hais tias nws yog ib tug piav tes piav taw ntawm kev tso cai.
• Feem ntau cov Indian cov khw nojmov los yog cafes muaj ib tug zaub mov, cov neeg tuaj saib yog feem ntau yuav lawv ntev paub tais diav.
• Yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau, cov neeg nce rau hauv lub rhawv yog tsim rau nra.
• Muaj ntau lub xeev muaj npaum li cas rau hauv pem teb, tsis vim hais tias cov neeg txom nyem, cia li kev lig kev cai.
• Kumbh Mela - yog ib tug kev cai dab qhuas cov caij so uas yog ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb ib zaug xwb nyob rau hauv 12 lub xyoos.
• Tso lub npe ntawm nws tus txiv nyob rau hauv pej xeem yog suav tias yog tsis heev respectable, ces siv ntau yam indirect ntaub ntawv ntawm "saib", "saib", thiab hais txog. D.

xaus

Is Nrias teb - ib tug tsoom fwv teb chaws cov koom pheej muab faib mus rau hauv lub xeev thiab ib cheeb tsam. Qhov no yog kev lom zem ntau nthuav thiab to taub tsis tau lub teb chaws. Tourists mus saib lub richest tuam tsev thiab tombs, thiab nyob rau hauv lub slums, lub poorest cov neeg nyob hauv makeshift tsev ua los ntawm plywood. Tus nplua nuj keeb kwm yog tso tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj zoo-fwm lub tuam tsev nplooj siab mus txawv religions. Txhiab tus pilgrims tuaj ntawm no mus saib tau tus ancient shrines, neeg mus ncig hoping mus kov yav tag los. Txhua txhua xyoo muaj kuj yog ib tug cus ciav thiab tiag tiag li cov hnub caiv thiab festivals, tag nrho ntawm cov teeb, seev cev thiab pej xeem cov suab paj nruag, ntawm chav kawm, kev txhawb los ntawm cov legends thiab myths xwb.