Dua tungsten oxide

Tungsten oxide yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm feem refractory nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm inorganic tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau, rau kev tsom xam cov zoo tshaj ntawm cov hlau nws tus kheej.

tungsten nta

Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm tungsten oxide, nco ntsoov tias cov hlau nws tus kheej muaj ib tug hluav taws xob kuj, coefficient ntawm linear expansion, siab melting point.

Ib tug ntshiab tungsten siab ductility. Cov hlau yaj nyob rau hauv lub acid tsuas yog thaum rhuab mus rau ib tug kub ^ntawm 5000 C. Nws reacts nrog cov pa roj carbon, txoj kev ua raws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm tungsten carbide. Cov resultant compound muaj siab muaj zog.

Cov feem ntau tungsten oxide - tungsten trioxide. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua yog muaj peev xwm ntawm ib tug compound los hmoov hlau txoj kev raws li by-khoom ntawm sab oxides.

Hlau muaj ib tug high ntom, friability thiab muaj peev xwm thaum uas tsis muaj kub rau tsim tungsten oxide.

tungsten alloys

Zaum tau cais ib theem hom alloys, uas yog tsim los ntawm ib los yog ntau tshaj cov ntsiab. Qhov tseem paub zoo compound ntawm tungsten thiab molybdenum. Alloy Alloying caij molybdenum tungsten tsub kom tensile zog.

Ib leeg-theem alloys pom tau hais tias yuav sib txuas: tungsten - zirconium, tungsten -gafny, tungsten - niobium. Maximum ductility tungsten rhenium txuas. Ntxiv nws tsis cuam tshuam rau kev kawm ntawv ntawm lub refractory hlau.

Kev npaj ntawm hlau

Pa txoj kev yuav tsis tau txais cov tungsten refractory alloys: xeeb melting point hlau instantly mus rau hauv ib gaseous daim ntawv. Lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj yog qhov kev npaj ntawm ntshiab hlau electrolysis. Nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj scale kom tau tungsten hlau hmoov metallurgy siv. Ua li no, tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb ua tej yam kev mob uas siv ib lub tshuab nqus tsev.

Ua nyob rau hauv cov xwm

Tungsten oxide, WO ₃ uas nws mis yog xa mus rau raws li lub siab tshaj plaws compound. Nws tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv no, tab sis yog ib feem ntawm tungsten ores. Tus txheej txheem ntawm extraction thiab ua cov refractory hlau yuav ob peb theem.

Dua oxide ntawm tungsten yog zoo los ntawm cov ore loj. Ntxiv kawm ntawm lub compound yog nqa tawm, thiab tom qab kev kho mob uas raug rho tawm ntshiab hlau.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsim txoj kev ib tug nyias tungsten hlau saib nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau kiag li tshem tawm cov impurities. Txwv tsis pub, cov kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom tiav yuav tsum tau significantly txo.

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv ntawm tungsten

Yuav ua li cas rov qab tungsten oxide? Hydrogen, uas ua num ua ke nrog lub compound, pab kom tau ntshiab hlau. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm filament strands, tsim X-ray hlab, screen tso cua sov thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev furnaces uas prednaznachngy rau siv thaum muaj kev kub kub.

Steel, nyob rau lub alloying caij yog tungsten, yus muaj los ntawm siab zog lub zog. Cov khoom ua los ntawm xws hlau yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov kev kho mob cov cuab yeej, txiav inserts rau drilling qhov dej. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm lub compound yog suav tias yog resistant rau cov neeg kho tshuab deformation.

Qhov ntau yam ntawm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub lag luam los ntawm cov khoom tiav tej kab nrib pleb thiab chips yog heev tsawg. Cov feem nrov hom steel, ntawm uas tungsten yog muaj, nws yog pom tias yuav yeej.

Los ntawm no tsis tshua muaj hlau seem ua siab zoo catalysts, ntau yam xim, tshwj xeeb pigments thiab m. N. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub nuclear kev lag luam yog dav siv tungsten crucibles thiab ntim rau tej pov tseg pov tseg.

refractoriness hlau plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv arc welding. Txij li thaum lub tungsten nyob hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv no yog xam tias yog ib tug tsis tshua hlau, rau nws cov kev npaj txoj kev yog nqa kawm thiab ub tus tungsten ore. Nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv nws muaj ib lub teeb grey xim nrog ib tug yam ntxwv nws yog xim hlau ci. Standard tungsten alloys, xa mus rau raws li stellite, kuj comprise cobalt thiab chromium. Lub ntsiab tivthaiv nyob rau hauv xws tebchaw ua hauj lwm pab cobalt. Alloys yog nyob rau hauv coob nyob rau hauv mechanical engineering.

tungsten oxides

Yuav ua li cas muaj tshwj xeeb tungsten oxide (6), cov mis uas muaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm WO _3? Hlau yuav muaj ntau yam oxidation xeev: nyiaj pab ntau tshaj stability yog variants nrog valence hlau (4) thiab (6). WO thawj kev twb kev txuas hom ₂ cuam tshuam rau acidic oxides thiab muaj cov nram qab yam ntxwv: siab melting point thiab ib tug ceev. Qhov no tshuaj compound yog yuav luag insoluble nyob rau hauv dej, tiam sis thaum rhuab yuav ua neej nyob rau hauv acids thiab alkalis. Nyob rau hauv tshuaj kev lag luam nws yog siv raws li ib lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv ib co tshua. Piv txwv li, kev txom nyem compound ₂ siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua tej hub khoom.

Tungsten oxide muaj ib tug valence ntawm (6) kuj exhibits ib tug yam ntxwv acidic zog. Qhov no compound yog reacted nrog alkalis, tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm dissolving nyob rau hauv cov dej. Muab hais tias lub siab melting point compound, nws yog tsuas yog siv raws li ib tug tsuj roj tshuaj dab.

xaus

Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm inorganic Science News for KIDS tsom rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm oxides, tus tsom xam ntawm lawv lub zog thiab yam ntxwv primeneniyav kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub kawg xeem cuaj qib hauj lwm kev li nram no: "Compose Formula tooj liab oxides, hlau thiab tungsten, thiab kuj txiav txim lawv cov kev tshuaj zog."

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ntse tiv nrog lub hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov oxides. Xam tias yog cov neeg binary tebchaw, nyob rau hauv uas lub thib ob lub caij no yog oxygen. Tag nrho cov oxides cais mus rau hauv peb pab neeg: yooj yim, acidic, amphoteric.

Hlau thiab Tooj yog yam tooj ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hloov pab pawg neeg, yog li yuav ua tau ntawm nce mus nce los valence. Rau tooj liab yuav sau tsuas yog ob tug kev xaiv oxides seeb yooj yim zog - Cu ₂ O thiab CuO.

Hlau yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab sub-pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj hais, yog li ntawd muaj tus oxidation xeev +2 thiab +3. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob, cov nram qab no ntawm oxides raug tsim - FeO thiab Fe ₂ O _3.

Tungsten nyob rau hauv binary tebchaw nrog rau oxygen hauv feem ntau feem ntau nws valence (4) thiab (6). Ob leeg ntawm cov hlau oxide muaj acidic zog, yog li ntawd lawv siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam raws li accelerators tshuaj dab.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm tungsten oxides yog lub rho tawm ntawm cov ntshiab hlau nyob hauv kev thov nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj thiab metallurgical industries.