Conservative rog raws li ib tug nom tswv ideology

Lub hauv paus pib ntawm conservatism raws li ib tug nom tswv ideology tau tso rau ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo. Qhov no yog vim li, yog tias koj saib nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev loj hlob. Lub Industrial Revolution, uas pib ntau tshaj xyoo dhau los, tau coj mus rau loj hloov nyob rau hauv lub economic system thiab kev sib raug zoo koom haum. Ntawm no peb muaj nyob rau hauv lub siab, firstly, tus tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm capitalist kev sib raug zoo raws li nyob rau hauv cov lag luam tawm thiab sib txeeb, thiab tib ob, lub ua complexity ntawm stratification ntawm cov haiv neeg: lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tej pawg nyob rau hauv nws, lub bourgeoisie thiab cov ua hauj lwm hauv chav kawm ntawv. Cov laus feudal system ntawm subsistence ua liaj ua teb yog tuag, thiab nrog nws tuag ntawm nws tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw tuaj tshiab lub tswv yim, tsim feem ntau los ntawm thinkers ntawm niaj hnub lub sij hawm: John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Charles Montesquieu thiab lwm tus neeg.

Fabkis txoj kiv puag ncig thiab lub conservative rog

Ua tau, qhov no tshwm sim tau ua lub siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub kawg revolutionary rau lub keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm teb chaws Europe. Nws twb xub siv lub tswv yim ntawm cov Fabkis Enlightenment ntawm lub legality ntawm lub uprising ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam cov "phem" huab tais. Lub keeb neeg ntawm lub caij nyoog kawg no tau thaum kawg ceased yuav inviolable. Cov kiv puag ncig los ua ib tug precedent rau tag nrho cov lwm yam neeg ntawm lub teb chaws thiab tau muab ib tug pib mus rau tsim ntawm lub teb chaws civil societies. Txawm li cas los, cov Fabkis kiv puag ncig yog heev tsaus nplooj ntawv nyob rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog Robespierre tus xav tias tsam lawv. Lo lus teb rau loj tsuj los ua nto moo ua hauj lwm Englishman Edmund Burke. Nyob rau hauv nws "Reflections ntawm lub kiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv Fabkis", nws hais txog rau cov negatives thiab lub horrors hais tias nws tau coj tuaj rau muaj coob tus neeg ntawm hais tias era. Nws yog phau ntawv no thiab yog cov pib ntawm conservatism li ib tug ideological tiam sis, muaj los kom tiv thaiv uncontrolled impulses liberals. Thaum lub sij hawm lub XIX thiab XX xyoo pua, hauv ib feem, nws tau txais loj theoretical lub hauv paus ntawm nws yuav tsum muaj bases.

Lub ntsiab tswv yim ntws

Ua tau, lub tswvyim ntawm "conservatism" los ntawm Latin lo lus "converso" - khaws cia. Conservative rog thiab nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus universal preservation ntawm tsoos kev txiav txim thiab qhov tseem ceeb: kev, kev nom kev tswv thiab sab ntsuj plig. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev cai advocated kev lig kev cai. Qhov no lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai, patriotism, tsim centuries morality, lub primacy ntawm pej xeem txaus siab tshaj koj tus kheej, authoritative txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov tshuaj hauv tsev, xws li tsev neeg, cov tsev kawm ntawv, lub koom txoos, lub laaj ntawm kev loj hlob (uas, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, yog lub preservation ntawm kev cai). Lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm conservative rog nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws txoj cai yuav ib tug thawj koom ruam nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm ib tug muaj zog lub xeev, ua rau ib tug hierarchical system. Txais tos qhov muaj feem thib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub rog zaum ntawm lub teb chaws, siv dag zog yuam nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb kev sib raug zoo, cov preservation dabneeg tsoos cov tsev koom nyiaj, protectionism nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws trade.

neoconservatism

ib tug tshiab kev txiav txim ntawm conservative rog no heev txais lub tswv yim ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau rau txoj kev loj hlob. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm cov ceev faj thiab unhurried kho kom zoo. Piv txwv ntawm cov adherents xws li ib tug txoj cai yuav pab tau raws li US President Ronald Reagan thiab British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.

Conservative thiab uas tsis yog-conservative rog

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias conservatism yog ib tug tej yam set ntawm nom tswv currents. Piv txwv li, kev siab phem - nws tseem yog heev conservative rau, muab tso rau ntawm lub plawv los ntawm tsoom fwv lub hwj chim thiab greatness. Conservative tus nrog sib ntaus ua hauj lwm pab ib tug ntau yam ntawm lwm tsev ntawm sab laug thiab txoj cai: liberals, nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam uas thiab crystallized ib zaug conservative rog, SOC, Communist thiab thiaj li nyob.