Cog caij nplooj ntoos hlav blackberry. Blackberries rau ntawm qhov chaw: lub cultivation, hais tawm, ntau yam

Yog hais tias raspberries paub thiab hlub los ntawm tag nrho cov, cov Blackberry yog tsis raws li ntau. Tab sis kom loj hlob nws nyob rau hauv koj lub vaj, koj ua tau, txawm li cas los, yuav tau ua tej kev siv zog.

ntawm ntau yam blackberries

Tag nrho cov niaj hnub ntau yam ntawm lov tas vau mus rau ob pab pawg ntawm no zoo. Namely: Blackberry (bramble) nrog tebchaws stems thiab rosyanika - creeping daim ntawv. Muaj kuj intermediate qib. Peb neeg ib tug ntau ntawm cultivars nrog siab lub caij ntuj no hardiness uas tso cai rau lawv kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib tug nruab nrab sawb ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub Urals. Ib txhia ntau ntau yam rosyaniki yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau vaj tse nyob rau rau lub caij ntuj no. Peb muab koj cov feem ntau nrov:

1. Blackberry Dub Satin. Cog thiab saib xyuas rau nws yog heev yooj yim, tsis txhob ua rau cov teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb cov cheeb tsam, qhov chaw uas nws yuav loj hlob raws li txoj hmab. Nws besshipnaya tsim nrog berries weighing 10-15 g thiab theem siab tawm los - txog li 3 thoob ntawm hav txwv yeem muaj hnub nyoog 3-4 xyoo. Txaus tshav kub-hlub ntau yam, tsis muaj nkaum nws yog tsis tsim nyog rau siv lub caij ntuj no.
2. Tornfri. Berries loj hlob 3.5-4 cm nyob rau hauv ntev, fruiting tshaj, 25-30 kg ntawm ib tug Bush. Yog hais tias koj npaj yuav tsaws besshipnoy blackberries, xaiv Tornfri. Nws yog pom zoo raws li qhov feem ntau pheej ntau ntau yam. Bred nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States nyob rau hauv 1966 thiab hnub no yog heev nrov nyob rau hauv coj mus muag qoob.
3. Lub tshaj blackberries. Cultivar twb bred Michurin muaj ib tug haib creeping tua nrog ntev zog pos. Berries yog loj, mus txog rau 10 g, lig ripening. Nyob rau hauv central Russia yuav tsum tau vaj tse nyob rau rau lub caij ntuj no. Pom zoo cog blackberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
4. Agawam. Ib tug laus ntau yam ntawm American yug me nyuam rau. Ib tug ntawm cov muaj zog, tau mas ib tug kub txo rau -40 ° C. Yield nruab nrab - 3-4 kg hav txwv yeem berries weighing 3 g, siab kuj mus anthracosis, xeb.
5. Darrow. Frost cultivar, mas mus txog -35 ° C. Berries yog tapered mus txog 3.5 g

Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nqis ntsoov teev ntau ntau yam Loch Ness, Hull Tornless, Smutset. Lawv tag nrho cov besshipnye malozimostoykie thiab, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau vaj tse.

Cog ntawm vaj teb blackberry: xaiv ib qho chaw

Blackberries thiab raspberries - nws yog lub nyob ze cov txheeb ze, ob tug hom yuav mus rau tib lub genus. Txawm li cas los, lub yav tas yog ntau resistant rau ntuj qhuav heev (ua tsaug rau lub tob-dag cov hauv paus hniav) thiab tsawg demanding rau hauv av. Txawm tias, ntawm chav kawm, tej tsob nroj yuav mus zoo nyob rau hauv fertile xau. Xaiv rau Blackberry tshav ntuj qhov chaw, tab sis zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua thiab drafts. Tsis phem yuav xav tias fab cog nrog lub laj kab, uas yuav muab rau lawv ntxiv kev pab txhawb nqa.

Cog caij nplooj ntoos hlav blackberries yuav tsum mus rau lub point thaum lawv pib mus lub paj buds, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg - ua ntej qhov pib ntawm txias huab cua.

Av rau Blackberry

Preference yog muab fertile thiab zoo-drained av. Haum rau tag nrho ob qho av zoo ua qoob thiab zeb xau, lub zoo theem ntawm acidity - 6-6,2 pH. High av noo hav txwv yeem av yog tseem txhob, txij li thaum nws ncua kom txog thaum lig Autumn tsim ntawm tshiab tua, uas tsis muaj sij hawm los siav, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho stability ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau te thiab txias. Lig tsis tsim nyog rau blackberry limestone (calcareous xau), nyob rau hauv uas vim ib tug tsis muaj magnesium thiab hlau blackberry, txiv pos thiab cov zoo li, yog cuam tshuam chlorotic nplooj.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ntej cov qoob loo rau BlackBerry yog ib daim teb ntawm cov nyom, perennial legumes, cereals thiab fallow. Nws yog undesirable cog ib tsob nroj tom qab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Solanaceae (soob, qos yaj ywm, kua txob).

Yuav tsaws Blackberry: caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog lub caij nplooj zeeg?

Paaj ntawm tag nrho cov kev xaiv thawj. Tsob nroj yub los yog seedlings yog ntshaw kom thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsis txhob muaj cov kev hem thawj ntawm khov ntawm cov tub ntxhais nroj tsuag. Cog qhov yuav tsum tau txaus sib sib zog nqus thiab 40-50 cm. Cov av yuav tsum tau coj tawm, nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv 6.5 kg ntawm nplooj lwg los yog humus, superphosphate (100-150 g), poov tshuaj chiv (50 g). Kom meej meej sib tov thiab sau lub qhov 2/3 ntawm tag nrho cov. Ces ua ib tug me me txheej ntawm fertile substrate, maj mam muab kis tau nws cov hauv paus hniav ntawm blackberries thiab thaum kawg poob pw tsaug zog twb npaj av.

Cog blackberries nyob rau hauv Siberia yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam ntawm Russia nws yog ntshaw lub sij hawm no ntawm lub xyoo, raws li lub caij nplooj zeeg seedlings yuav khov.

Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus neeg fab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub ntau yam, thiaj li mus txhim tsa hom nws yuav tsum tau los ntawm 0.7 mus 1.5 m, thiab rau ntau trailing ntaub ntawv -. 2.5-3 m Noj Circuit Court los ntawm kev siv txhawb lug thiab garters.

Watering thiab fertilizing

Txawm hais tias tsob nroj yog ntuj qhuav heev-resistant qoob loo, tsis tau muaj txaus dej los mus xav tias nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau npaum li cas zoo dua. Yog hais tias koj xaiv ib tug blackberry cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ces yuav npaj thawj xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob rau cov dej fab tsis tu ncua. Nws yog tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob zoo thiab muaj zog ciaj sia taus. Nyob rau hauv cov nram no xyoo - tsuas yog nyob rau hauv loj heev drought, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm ripening berries. Nws yog pom zoo kom siv dej sov. blackberry fab zoo li ridging yooj yim rau lawv qhov tob ntawm kab yog hais txog 12-15 cm.

Thawj fertilizing yog tsim nyog tsuas yog tom qab ob los yog peb lub xyoos tom qab cog. Thiab txaus mus pib nitrogen khoom. Ntxiv mus, yog hais tias tus av yog tsis heev fertile, 6-8 kg ntawm humus los yog nplooj lwg ib square meter them txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg - superphosphate (100 g) thiab poov tshuaj chiv, tab sis tsis muaj tshuaj (20 g). Noj tshuaj npaum cas yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush.

tsim ntawm lub hav txwv yeem

Creeping ntawm ntau yam blackberries, ntawm chav kawm, nthuav, tab sis tu rau lawv es laborious. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias koj cog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm fab, ces xaiv lub upright daim ntawv thiab cov neeg uas cultivated nyob rau hauv cov kev txhawb. Piv txwv li, yuav tsaws blackberry Tornfri (ib tug ntawm cov hiob hom) yuav tsum siv cov trellis qhov siab ntawm 2.5-3 m, vim hais tias lawv lawv tus kheej tsis pinching tua yuav loj hlob mus txog 6 m. Qhov no tsim nruab nrab yog cov tug, nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 6-10 m ntawm txhua lwm yam. Hlau tensioned therebetween nyob rau hauv peb kab, thawj nyob txog 1 m los ntawm qhov av, thib ob, thib peb thiab thib plaub 20, 30 thiab 40 cm feem. Muab lub tua nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev:

• faib nruab nrab ntawm cov peb kab ntawm xaim mas;
• Ntxuam qhov chaw, li ntawd, lub ceg loj hlob ntau dawb do thiab zoo illumination;
• sau qoob ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yub nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia thiab khi mus rau lub xaim kab ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 1.5 meters.

Blackberries kuj yuav tsum tau kev trimming. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav vymerzshie tshem tawm ceg, thiab tus so tsuas yog me ntsis kom, tawm hauv lawv ntev ntawm txog 2 m los ntawm lub tebchaws ntau ntau yam thiab 2-3 m nyob rau hauv lub trailing. Caij nplooj zeeg pruning yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub tiav kev tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg muaj mob thiab otplodonosivshie tua.

Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua pinched tawm - nws yuav ua rau kom lub tawm los. Tus thawj caij nplooj ntoos hlav (May los xaus rau ntawm lub rau hli ntuj) nyob rau hauv hloov yub thaum lawv mus txog ib qhov siab ntawm 0.8 m.

Npaj rau lub caij ntuj blackberry

Warming ntawm lub tua tiv thaiv kom txhob rau lawv los ntawm khov yog nqa tawm yog nezimostoykih ntau ntau yam, los yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog hnyav winters. Piv txwv li, blackberry Dub Satin. Cog thiab saib xyuas rau nws yog tib yam, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nws yuav tsum tau vaj tse, los yog muaj feem yuav raug sab laug yam tsis muaj ib tug qoob loo.

Cov ceg ntawm lov tas vau yuav tau maj mam khoov cia rau hauv av thiab khi. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub bushes los ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus yog yuav tsum tau rau lub caij nplooj zeeg pw tsaug zog nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm peat thiab nplooj, thiab ces ntuav daus rau ntxiv vaj tse. Nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau qhib ua ntej lub buds swell, thiab tam sim ntawd ua rau ntawm txoj kev hav txwv yeem pruning. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm lub Urals thiab Siberia kiag li tag nrho cov ntau ntau yam yuav tsum tau vaj tse.