Beta-agonists: hauj lwm, txiav txim daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj

Txhua cov tshuaj yog hais txog tej yam pharmacological pab pawg neeg. Qhov no txhais tau tias ib co tshuaj muaj tib lub mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, indications thiab kev phiv. Ib yam ntawm cov loj cov kws pab pawg - qhov no yog ib tug beta-adrenergic agonists. Cov tshuaj yog lug siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm kev ua pa thiab kab pathologies.

Yuav ua li cas yog Nyob rau hauv-agonists?

Beta-agonists - ib pab pawg neeg ntawm kev kho mob pab kiag li lawm uas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Nyob rau hauv lub cev, lawv khi rau tej receptors nyob rau hauv lub tiaj nqaij ntawm lub bronchi, lub tsev me nyuam, lub plawv thiab leeg tshav ntaub so ntswg. Tej kev sis raug zoo ua ib tug stimulation ntawm lub hlwb beta. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm qhov ua kom muaj ntau yam muaj sia muaj dab. Thaum thwj toob ntawm B-agonists rau receptors nkoos zus tau tej cov lom cov neeg ua hauj, zoo li dopamine thiab adrenaline. Lwm lub npe rau cov tebchaw - beta-agonists. Major los thereof - acceleration ntawm lub plawv dhia, nce ntshav siab thiab txhim kho bronchial conductivity.

Beta-agonists: qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub cev

Beta-agonists raug muab faib ua V1- thiab B2-adrenergic agonists. Receptors rau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv nruab nrog cev. Thaum losis tswvyim dabtsi rau lawv beta-agonists ua rau qhov ua kom ntawm ntau dab nyob rau hauv lub cev. Muaj cov nram qab no los ntawm B-agonists:

1. Ua mob automaticity thiab conductivity txoj kev txhim kho.
2. Nce lub plawv dhia.
3. Acceleration ntawm lipolysis. Nyob rau hauv kev siv, B1-agonists tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntshav dawb fatty acids uas yog cov khoom ntawm disintegration ntawm triglycerides.
4. Nce cov ntshav siab. Cov nyhuv no yog vim lub stimulation ntawm lub renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

Rau cov uas muaj npe hloov nyob rau hauv lub cev ua rau yus lub thwj toob ntawm agonists B1 receptors. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub plawv mob, cov hlab ntsha, adipose cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov juxtaglomerular apparatus ntawm raum hlwb.

B2 receptors muaj nyob rau hauv lub bronchi, lub tsev me nyuam, skeletal leeg, central lub paj hlwb. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv yog lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha. Beta-2-agonists ua raws li nram no los:

1. Improvement ntawm bronchial conductivity. Cov nyhuv no yog vim lub so ntawm tus mob.
2. Acceleration ntawm glycogenolysis nyob rau hauv cov nqaij. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm skeletal leeg ceev thiab ntau txo.
3. Lub so ntawm lub myometrium.
4. Acceleration glycogenolysis nyob rau hauv mob hlwb. Qhov no ua rau muaj zog cov ntshav qab zib theem.
5. Nce lub plawv dhia.

Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm B-agonists?

Cov kws kho mob feem ntau muab beta-agonists. Tshuaj teej tug mus rau qhov no pharmacological pab pawg neeg, muab faib mus rau hauv luv luv thiab ceev ceev-kuj tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cais cov tshuaj tsuas muaj ib tug xim ntxim rau tej yam hauv nrog cev. Ib co tshuaj ua ncaj qha rau ntawm lub V1- thiab V2-receptors. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws-paub tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm beta-agonists yog tshuaj "Salbutamol", "fenoterol", "dopamine". Lub agonists siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm pulmonary thiab mob kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd ib txhia ntawm lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm intensive kev saib xyuas unit (tshuaj "Dobutamine"). Tsawg ntau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no yog siv nyob rau hauv gynecological xyaum.

Ib suam ntawm beta-agonists: ntau ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj

Beta-agonists - qhov no pharmacological pab pawg neeg, uas muaj xws li ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, lawv muab faib ua ob peb pab pawg. Classification B-agonists muaj xws li:

1. Tsis-xim beta-adrenergic agonists. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li tshuaj "ortsiprenalina" thiab "Isoprenaline".
2. Selective B1-agonists. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv Cardiology thiab intensive kev saib xyuas pawg ntseeg. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj yog "Dobutamine" thiab "dopamine".
3. Selective beta-2-agonists. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li tshuaj siv rau cov kab mob ntawm lub pa system. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov xim B2 agonist muab faib mus rau hauv luv luv-kuj tshuaj, thiab tshuaj muaj ib tug ntev nyhuv. Cov thawj pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li tshuaj "fenoterol", "terbutaline" "Salbutamol" thiab "hexoprenaline". Ntev-kuj tshuaj - ib tug yeeb tshuaj "Formoterol", "Salmeterol" thiab "indacaterol."

Indications Nyob rau hauv-agonists

Indications rau kev siv ntawm B-agonists nyob ntawm seb yam tshuaj. Beta-agonists yog non-xim txiav txim no yog tam sim no tsis yog siv. Nyuam qhuav pib, lawv tau siv los kho tej hom arrhythmias, ntsuas mob conduction, bronchial hawb pob. Tam sim no cov kws kho mob xav kom muab xim B-agonists. Lawv kom zoo dua yog hais tias lawv muaj deb tsawg dua cov kev phiv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, xim cov tshuaj kom yooj yim rau siv, raws li tsuas raug rau tej yam hauv nrog cev.

Indications rau B1-agonists npaj:

1. Mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm.
2. Cov poob siab ntawm tej etiology.
3. Cev qhuav dej.
4. Decompensated lub plawv tsis xws luag.
5. Feem ntau yeej tsis - ischemic plawv tus kab mob loj degree.

B2-agonists muab nyob rau hauv bronchial hawb pob, mob obstructive koj muaj teebmeem kev kab mob. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov aerosols. Tej zaum cov tshuaj "fenoterol" yog siv nyob rau hauv gynecological xyaum mus qeeb zog, thiab tiv thaiv kom nchuav menyuam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov tshuaj yog muab intravenously.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, B-agonists yog txhob?

Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias twb tshuaj pab pawg neeg A beta-agonists muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm contraindications thiab kev phiv. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb nyob rau hauv qhov uas tsis yog-xim agonists. Tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj - .. Yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hyperglycemia, povtseg tshee, lub plawv atherosclerosis ntshawv siab, central tshee system excitation, thiab lwm yam Beta-1 agonists yog hwj chim tshuaj, li ntawd, yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob ntawm ceev yuav tsum tau. Lawv txhob nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm xws pathology: ventricular arrhythmia, subaortic stenosis, pheochromocytoma. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav siv tsis tau nrog mob tamponade.

B2-agonists yog txhob nyob rau hauv cov nram no mob:

1. Intolerance rau beta-agonists.
2. Cev xeeb tub nyuab los ntawm ntshav, placental abruption, raug teeb meem nchuav menyuam.
3. Cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv hnub nyoog 2 xyoos.
4. Inflammatory dab nyob rau hauv myocardium, mob arrhythmias.
5. Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.
6. Aortic stenosis.
7. Tawg.
8. Mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm.
9. Thyrotoxicosis.

Medicament "Salbutamol": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Tshuaj "Salbutamol" yog hais txog B2-agonists ntawm luv luv txiav txim. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv lub syndrome ntawm bronchial dab tsi thaiv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv aerosols rau 1-2 koob (0.1-0.2 mg). Cov me nyuam nyiam kom koj ua tus nqus tau pa ntawm ib tug Cav Tshuab Pa Tshuaj. Muaj kuj yog ib ntsiav tshuaj daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj rau cov neeg laus yog 6-16 mg ib hnub twg.

"Salbutamol": tshuaj nqi

Cov tshuaj siv raws li monotherapy nyob rau hauv me me mob hawb pob. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj mob loj tsawv lossis mob hnyav theem ntawm tus kab mob, lub caij nyoog thov tshuaj (beta-agonists ntev-acting). Lawv yog cov yooj yim txoj kev kho ntawm bronchial hawb pob. siv cov tshuaj "Salbutamol" rau ceev nyem ntawm sib cem ntawm breathlessness. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog los ntawm 50 mus rau 160 rubles nyob rau hauv lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus thiab lub koob muaj nyob rau hauv lub minyuam lam fwj.