Aksenov Vasily: biography thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws phau ntawv ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv

Aksenov Vasiliy Pavlovich - paub nyob rau hauv dav voj voog ntawm Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv. Nws tej hauj lwm yog imbued nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm dawb, nyuaj thiab kov ub kov no, tej zaum surreal, tsis txhob tawm indifferent tsis muaj ib txog kev nyeem ntawv. Cov tsab xov xwm biography Vasily Aksenov thiab ib daim ntawv teev ntawm nws feem ntau nthuav txawj tej hauj lwm yuav muab suav hais tias.

thaum ntxov xyoo

Nyob rau hauv 1932, 20 Lub yim hli ntuj, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Kazan Pavel Aksenov, tus tswj ntawm lub Kazan City Council, thiab Eugenia Ginzburg, ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub Kazan pedagogical lub koom haum, tau yug los tus tub ntawm Basil. Raws li cov account nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg nws yog peb tus me nyuam, tab sis qhov tsuas heev. Thaum ntawd nws tsis tau tsib xyoo, leej niam leej txiv (thaum xub thawj tus niam, ces tus txiv) raug ntes thiab ces txhaum, txhua tus mus rau kaum xyoo nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Muaj Stalin lub camps, Eugenia Ginzburg tom qab emits ib phau ntawv ntawm memoirs ntawm lub era ntawm kev tsuj "Whirlwind", uas qhia txog cov kaum yim xyoo nws siv nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj, nyob rau hauv exile, cov Kolyma camps. Tab sis tam sim no tsis yog hais txog hais tias, peb xav nyob rau hauv biography Vasily Aksenov.

Tom qab xaus ntawm cov niam txiv ntawm cov me nyuam hlob - Alyosha (tus tub ntawm Yevgenia Ginzburg) thiab Maya (tus ntxhais ntawm Pavel Aksenov) - raug coj mus rau lub tsev neeg upbringing. Thiab Vasya forcibly xa mus rau ib tug menyuam ntsuag rau cov me nyuam ntawm convicts (pog me nyuam tub xav kom nws, tab sis ho tsis tso cai rau lawv). Nyob rau hauv 1938, tus tij laug Petra Aksenova, Andreyan, nrhiav tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv Kostroma me nyuam lub tsev thiab coj mus rau nws tus kheej. Kom txog rau thaum 1948, Bob nyob nrog tej txheeb ze nyob rau hauv lub txiv sab, motti Aksenova kom txog rau thaum tso tawm hauv nkuaj nyob rau hauv 1947, tus me nyuam tub niam twb tsis tau kev tso cai yuav tawm mus nws tus tub mus rau hauv lub Kolyma. Tom qab ntawd, cov txawj sau ntawv Vasily Aksyonov piav lawv Magadan hluas nyob rau hauv lub tshiab "Hlawv."

Kev kawm ntawv thiab kev ua hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv 1956 nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub Leningrad Medical koom haum khub thiab tis tau ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws kho mob nyob rau hauv lub Baltic Shipping tuam txhab nyob rau hauv seagoing hlab ntsha. Txawm li cas los, kam twb tsis muab, txawm lub fact tias lawv niam lawv txiv nyob rau lub sij hawm rehabilitated. Muaj pov thawj hais tias Aksenov Vasily cais ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws kho mob nyob rau hauv Karelia, nyob rau hauv lub Far North, nyob rau hauv lub TB tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv Moscow (raws li mus rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv, yog ib tug kws pab tswv yim nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum Mob Ntsws nyob rau hauv Moscow), raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub coj mus muag qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Leningrad.

Thaum pib ntawm kev sau ntawv ua si

Kev cob qha cov txawj sau ntawv Aksyonov yuav suav hais tias nyob rau hauv 1960. Nyob rau hauv 1959, nws tau sau ib tug tshiab "lug txhawb cov miv" (nyob rau nws nyob rau hauv 1962 raug tua tib yam zaj duab xis), nyob rau hauv 1960 - cov khoom ntawm "Star Ticket" (tus yeeb yam "Kuv me kwv tij" yog cia los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv 1962), ob tug xyoo tom qab - tshiab "Txiv kab ntxwv los ntawm Morocco", thiab nyob rau hauv 1963 - tus tshiab "nws yog lub sij hawm, kuv tus phooj ywg, nws yog lub sij hawm." Tom qab ntawd tuaj rau hauv phau ntawv Vasiliya Aksenova "catapult" (1964) thiab "Halfway mus rau lub hli" (1966). Nws plays "Nco ntsoov rau cov muag khoom", uas nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo muab tso rau hauv theem "Kawm" yog sau nyob rau hauv 1965. Nyob rau hauv 1968 nws luam tawm zaj dab neeg satirical tseeb ib hom ntawv nyeem "Overstocked Ntim kas tham". Nyob rau hauv lub sixties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua tej hauj lwm ntawm Vasily Aksenov feem ntau luam nyob rau hauv lub "Hluas" magazine. Kws ntawv rau ob peb xyoo ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub editorial board ntawm phau ntawv no.

seventies

"- ib tug monument rau kuv txiv yawg," nyob rau hauv 1972 - lub thib ob yog ib feem - tus thawj ib feem ntawm lub taug txuj kev nyuaj novels rau cov me nyuam twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1970, "Ib tug cev nyob rau hauv uas ib yam dab tsi yog khob." Nyob rau hauv 1971 nws luam tawm tus tshiab "Kev Hlub hluav taws xob" (txog Leonid Krasin), daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv ib cov keeb kwm-biographical ib hom ntawv nyeem. Ib xyoo tom qab, nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv journal "New World" sim ua hauj lwm tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub title "Qhov kev tshawb rau ib hom ntawv nyeem." Nyob rau hauv 1972, tus tshiab "Dzhin luag - untouchable" twb tseem tsim, uas yog ib tug parody ntawm ua yeeb yam txog cov tub soj xyuas. Saum toj no nws Aksenov Vasily ua hauj lwm ua ke nrog Gregory Pozhenyanom thiab Oleg Gorchakov. Cov khoom tuaj sau Grivadiya Gorpozhaks (pseudonym ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm cov npe thiab surnames peb sau ntawv). Nyob rau hauv 1976, tus kws ntawv txhais los ntawm lus Askiv tshiab "Ragtime," Doctorow Edgar Lawrence.

Sab nraum zoov kev ua ub no

Biography ntawm Vasily Aksenov uas muaj kev cov nyom thiab kev txom nyem. Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1966, thaum koom nyob rau hauv ib tug ua qauv qhia tiv thaiv cov los intending rau rehabilitate Stalin nyob rau hauv Moscow rau liab Square, cov txawj sau ntawv tuav combatants. Nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no ob xyoos Aksenov muab nws kos npe nyob rau hauv lub series ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv xa mus rau tus tiv thaiv ntawm dissidents, thiab tau reprimanded rau nws los ntawm cov Moscow ceg ntawm lub Writers 'Union nrog lub nkag mus rau hauv lub lag luam.

Nikita Khrushchev ntawm ib tug lub rooj sib tham nrog tus intelligentsia nyob rau hauv 1963 sharply criticized Vasily Aksenov thiab Andrey Voznesensky. Thaum tiav lawm "thaw", tus kws tej hauj lwm tau ceased mus rau luam tawm nyob rau hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv 1975 nws tau sau ib daim ntawv tus tshiab "Hlawv", uas peb twb hais. Nyob rau hauv nws cov ntawv kuv tsis vam thiab cia siab Vasily Aksenov. "Lub Island ntawm Crimea" - ib tug tshiab nyob rau hauv lub fantasy hom ntawv nyeem - raws li yog Ameslikas tsim los ntawm tus sau tsis muaj yuav cia siab tias cov khoom no yuav muab tso tawm nyob rau hauv luam thiab pom lub ntiaj teb. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm (1979) soj ntsuas ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kws ua ntau mob, nws pib mus rau npleem xws epithets li "anti-lub teb chaws", "tsis yog-Soviet". Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1977-1978 Aksenov hauj lwm pib tshwm txawv teb chaws, mas nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States.

Ua ke nrog Erofeev Viktor Iskander Fazil, Belloy Ahmadulinoy, Bitovym Andreem thiab Evgeniem Popovym Aksenov Vasily los ua ib tug co-tus neeg tos thiab organizer ntawm cov almanac "Metropol" nyob rau hauv 1978. Nyob rau hauv lub censored Soviet xovxwm nws tsis ntaus, tab sis nws luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. "Elaboration" ces raug rau tag nrho cov neeg koom ntawm lub almanac. Qhov no yog ua raws li los ntawm ntiab tawm ntawm lub Writers 'Union Yerofeyev thiab Popov, thiab nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam Vasily Aksenov, ua ke nrog Semenom Lipkinym thiab Inna Lisnyanskaya tseem tshaj tawm nws ntsoos ntsoos los ntawm tus txha venture.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws USA

Thaum lub caw ntawm lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1980 tus txawj sau ntawv tseg rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, thiab nyob rau hauv 1981, rau nws tau deprived ntawm kev ua pej xeem ntawm lub USSR. Aksyonov nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States kom txog rau thaum 2004. Thaum lub sij hawm nws nyob muaj, nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug xib fwb ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws nyob rau hauv America: Kennan lub koom haum (los ntawm 1981 mus 1982-th), lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Washington (los ntawm 1982 mus 1983-th), Goucher College (txij li thaum 1983, thiab 1988 th), Mason University (los ntawm 1988 mus 2009). Raws li ib tug journalist los ntawm 1980 mus 1991. Aksenov Vasily tau collaborated nrog "xov tooj cua kev ywj pheej", "lub suab ntawm America" almanac "qhia txog kev ua" thiab cov magazine "av". Radioocherki txawj sau ntawv tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub "xyoo caum ntawm hais lus phem" sau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2004.

Nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States pom lub teeb ntawm sau ntawv, tab sis tsis tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tej hauj lwm "Hlawv", "Golden lronburg peb", "Lub Island ntawm Crimea", ib tug sau ntawm "txoj cai rau cov kob." Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv America nws txuas ntxiv mus tsim Vasily Aksenov "Moscow dabneeg" (Trilogy, 1989, 1991, 1993), "tsis zoo zoo hero" (tug sau ntawm zaj dabneeg luv luv, 1995), "Tshiab Qab zib Style" (ib tug tshiab hais txog lub neej ntawm Soviet cov neeg tsiv teb nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, 1996) - tag nrho cov no sau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Tus kws sau ntawv uas tsim tej hauj lwm tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, tus tshiab "Tus nkaub ntawm lub qe" (txawm hais tias nws twb tom qab txhais los ntawm tus sau) sau nyob rau hauv lus Askiv nyob rau hauv 1989. Thaum lub caw ntawm Jack Matlock, lub US ambassador, thawj thawj zaug txij li thaum mus txawv teb chaws (cuaj xyoos) Aksenov tuaj rau lub Soviet Union. Nyob rau hauv 1990 cov kws ntawv rov qab mus rau nws Soviet pej xeem.

Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Russia

Nyob rau hauv 1993, thaum lub Supreme Council ntawm lub acceleration, Vasily Aksenov reopened nws hais tias lawv cov kev ntseeg thiab qhia solidarity nrog cov neeg uas kos npe rau hauv them nyiaj yug ntawm Yeltsin tsab ntawv. Antonom Barschevskim nyob rau hauv 2004 trilogy "Moscow dabneeg" yog cia nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv journal "Lub kaum hli ntuj" luam tawm ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws "Voltairiens thiab Voltairiennes", tom qab ntawd muab lub Booker nqi zog. Nyob rau hauv 2005, Aksyonov sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tus kheej chaw muag mis nyuj phau ntawv ntawm memoirs hu ua "Kua ntawm nws qhov muag."

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm tus kws sau thiab nws tsev neeg nyob hauv Fabkis, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Biarritz, nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Lub ib hlis ntuj 15, 2008 Aksenov muaj mob, nws twb pw tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv lub 23rd tsev kho mob. Nyob rau hauv cov txawj sau ntawv nws twb mob stroke. Tom qab ib hnub twg ntawm Vasily Pavlovich kis nyob rau hauv Sklifosovsky tsev kho mob, nws underwent phais kom tshem tawm cov ntshav los khov rau ntawd nyob rau hauv lub carotid leeg tau ua. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm cov txawj sau ntawv tus mob yog heev loj. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 2009, tshiab teeb meem sawv. Aksyonov twb pauv mus rau Burdenko lub koom haum thiab re-ua. Ces Vasily Pavlovich twb dua pw tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv Sklifosovsky tsev kho mob. Nws yog muaj Lub Xya hli ntuj 6, 2009 cov txawj sau ntawv tuag. Vasily Pavlovich raug faus nyob rau hauv Moscow, nyob hauv lub toj ntxas Vagankovsky. Nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 2009, nyob rau hauv Kazan, nyob rau hauv lub tsev nyob qhov twg ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub txawj sau ntawv, nws ua hauj lwm tau raug tsa los ntawm cov tsev cia puav pheej.

Vasily Aksenov: "Tus mysterious mob siab rau. Ib tug tshiab hais txog hauv lub sixties "

Qhov no yog qhov kawg kom tiav hauj lwm ntawm ib tug txawj ntse txawj sau ntawv. Nws twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev paub tom qab Aksyonov tuag nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 2009. "Ib phau ntawm cov dab neeg ntawm lub caravan" rau qhov no ib tug neeg tshooj raug luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2008 nyob rau hauv daim ntawv. Cov dab neeg yog ntawv, nws cim yog cov mlom ntawm cov kos duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sixties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua: Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Voznesensky, Ernst Neizvestny, Robert Rozhdestvensky, Bella Ahmadulina Marlene Hutsiev, Vladimir Vysotsky, Andrei Tarkovsky thiab lwm tus neeg. Aksenov muab cim cuav npe mus ua hauj lwm yog tsis txuam nrog lub memoir ib hom ntawv nyeem.

Award, khoom plig, nco

Nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, cov txawj sau ntawv muab cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kws kho mob ntawm siab zoo ntawv. Nws kuj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub American League thiab tus sau ntawm tus cwj mem Club. Nyob rau hauv 2004, rau cov khoom "Voltairiens thiab Voltairiennes" Aksenov muab tsub lub nqi zog "Lavxias teb sab Booker". Ib xyoo tom qab nws tau muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Arts thiab ntawv. Kws ntawv yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Arts.

Txhua txhua xyoo txij thaum 2007, txawj-suab paj nruas thoob ntiaj teb Success nyob rau hauv Kazan hu ua "Aksenov-fest". Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nws tseem nrog rau koj tus kheej koom tes los ntawm Vasily Pavlovich. Nyob rau hauv 2009, cov zajlus tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm tus naas ej txawj sau ntawv tau qhib, nws yog tam sim no khiav hauj lwm ib tug txawj nroog qws. Nyob rau hauv 2010 kuv pom lub "txais-daim ntawv xauj tsev" lub teeb ntawv tsis tiav tshiab txawj sau ntawv. Nws kev nthuav qhia yog nyob rau lub kaum ib hlis 7 nyob rau hauv lub tsev-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Vasily Aksenov.

Evgeny Popov thiab Alexander Kabakov nyob rau hauv 2011 ke luam tawm ib phau ntawv ntawm puas ntawm Vasilii Pavloviche tias yog li ntawd hu ua "Aksenov." Nyob rau hauv nws, lawv xav txog txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug txawj sau ntawv, cov intricacies ntawm lub biography, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov me nyuam yug ntawm ib tug poj cwm pwm. Lub ntsiab hauj lwm thiab cov tswv yim ntawm cov phau ntawv - los mus tiv thaiv distortion ntawm cov lus tseeb rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov neeg los yog lwm yam txheej xwm.

tsev neeg

Tij Laug Vasily Aksenov rau lub niam sab, Alex, raug tua nyob rau hauv lub siege ntawm Leningrad. Muam ntawm nws tus txiv, Maya, - ib tug xib fwb-methodologist, sau ntau phau ntawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus. Thawj tus poj niam yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv Kira Mendeleva, yuav ua rau nws tus tub Alexey Aksenov yug nyob rau hauv 1960. Nws yog tam sim no ua hauj lwm raws li daim duab thawj coj. Ob txhais tus poj niam thiab tus poj ntsuam ntawm tus kws, Mayya Aksenova (yug nyob rau hauv 1930), cov kev kawm ntawv rau txawv teb chaws trade cov kws muaj txuj. Thaum lub sij hawm lub neej ntawm ib tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States nws qhia Lavxias teb sab lus nyob rau hauv Russia ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Chamber of Commerce. Cov me nyuam ua ke Vasily Pavlovich thiab Maya Afanasevny tsis yog, tab sis Aksenov yog tus stepdaughter ntawm Elena (yug nyob rau hauv 1954). Nws tuag nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 2008.