Ajax - Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Asynchronous JavaScript thiab XML: zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Tam sim no koj yuav saib tau nyob rau hauv internet muaj chaw siv thiab daim ntawv thov tshiab technologies. Ib tug ntawm lawv - yog AJAX. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Yuav ua li cas nta cas nws muaj? Qhov twg thov li cas? Tag nrho cov lus nug no yuav tsum nyob lub teb nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

lus qhia dav dav

Yuav ua li cas sawv AJAX? Ua li cas nws txhais li cas? Qhov no yuav txo tau yog ib qho acronym. Nws stands rau Asynchronous Javascript thiab XML ( "Asynchronous Javascript thiab IKSML"). Feem ntau koj yuav pom los sis hnov cov ntaub ntawv hais tias qhov no tshiab technology. Tab sis qhov no yog tsis muaj tseeb. Qhov tseeb hais tias Javascript thiab XML, muaj cov twb ib tug heev lub sij hawm ntev, whereas lub "Ajax" yog ib tug synthesis ntawm cov technologies. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog rau lub sij hawm Web 2.0 thiab yog to taub raws li cov kev siv ntawm advanced tsim hom kev kawm.

Thiab yog dab tsi feature?

Yog li ntawd, peb twb muaj ib tug general lub tswv yim dab tsi yog AJAX. Yuav ua li cas nws muab peb rau hauv kev xyaum? Yog vim li cas yog ua koom tham txog nws daim ntawv thov? Lub peculiarity ntawm no technology - yog hais tias thaum koj siv nws tsis yuav tsum ua tshiab tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv ntawm cov thawj coob. Tom qab tag nrho, koj muaj peev xwm thov kom tshiab cov ntaub ntawv tsuas rau ib feem ntawm nws. Qhov no yog yooj yim (vim hais tias cov tsawg lub sij hawm koj yuav tau tos), thiab nqi (rau cov neeg uas tsis unlimited internet). Txawm li cas los, yuav qhia rau tus neeg siv hais txog dab tsi tshwm sim txawj tej yam ntxiv yog ntshaw kom siv tsawg kawg yog ib tug load qhia los yog phau ntawv cov lus uas qhia txog ntaub ntawv tshiab los ntawm lub neeg rau zaub mov. Raws li minuses technology yog feem ntau xa mus rau lub fact tias nws tsis txhawb legacy thiab cov ntawv nyeem browsers. Thiab cov muaj peev xwm lov tes taw Javascript technology yog tus neeg siv tshaj ntau thiab enjoyed. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua phem rau AJAX. Hais tias nws yuav muab, yog hais tias tsis mus muab lwm txoj kev ntawm muab cov ntaub ntawv? Nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv cia li yuav tsis muab tso tawm kom rau ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub phem tshaj - nws zoo li yog li ntawd, cov uas tus neeg siv tsis muaj rov qab los.

Qhov zoo ntawm "Ajax"

Qhov no technology muaj ob txoj kev los ntawm cov uas ib lub web page yuav paub. Tus thawj yuav hloov tsis rebooting. Qhov no yuav ua tiav nrog dynamic thov mus rau lub neeg rau zaub mov. Qhov thib ob yuav siv cov kev yees, feem ntau nrov ntawm uas yog tus XMLHttpRequest. Kuj tus kheej zoo, "Ajax" yuav hais tias cov nram qab no:

1. Koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug yooj yim web-based daim ntawv thov, uas interface yuav muaj ib tug tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm nta zoo nkauj rau cov neeg siv, nrog rau cov tshwm sim uas pab txhawb tib neeg kev sis raug zoo thiab lub website.
2. Es tsis txhob ib tug tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv reload ib tug ib nrab. Qhov no tej yam kev pab thiab optimizes tshuab kev kawm.
3. Cov neeg rau zaub mov yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog kev koom ua num ua ke nrog tus neeg siv.
4. Pab rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tswv yim.

sib txuas lus

Ntawm no, piv txwv li, xav tau ib tug tawm tswv yim daim ntawv no, uas yuav siv tau los qhia cov neeg muas zaub. Yuav ua li cas nws yuav ua tau? Ua ntej peb yuav tau saib xyuas ntawm lub "carrier" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug XMLHttpRequest kwv. Nws ua raws li ib tug intermediary ntawm neeg rau zaub mov thiab cov neeg siv lub browser. Nrog no kwv yuav xa thov thiab tau txais cov lus teb mus rau lawv. Rau direct cov ntaub ntawv pauv, peb yuav tsum tau AJAX PHP. Cov cuab yeej yuav muab los siv siv GET- los yog NCEJ-queries. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus tsim nyog cov lus sib cav yuav dhau ncaj qha los ntawm lub URL. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yuav khiav cov kev ua, thiab kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev yog tsis tu ncua. Tab sis yuav ua li cas los mus siv AJAX-thov? Pom zoo kom siv cov POST. Tsaug rau nws, koj muaj peev xwm hloov ib tug unlimited nyiaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas, Ntxiv, yog ntau npaum li cas nyuaj heev rau kev nkag tau mus.

hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam

Yuav ua li cas yog cov Asynchronous Javascript thiab XML nyob rau hauv kev xyaum? Wb to taub qhov no nrog ib qho piv txwv. Ua nrog hwm rau cov qauv uas koj xav tau kom paub tseeb tias tus neeg yog ib feem muab tag nrho cov tsim nyog functionality rau kev ruaj ntseg cov ntaub ntawv pauv. Nws yuav tsum tau muab cov kev tsim nyog txoj kev kis cov lus qhia xaiv txoj kev. Cov neeg rau zaub mov yog ib feem yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov ua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab, raws li nyob rau hauv lawv twb, los ua kom muaj cov lus tshiab qhia rau tom qab kis tau rau tus neeg muas zaub. Feem ntau hom kev sis raug zoo yog mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov database. Peb tau yav tas los hais yog ib tug keeb ntawm ntau ua lag ua luam qhov chaw raws li ib daim ntawv ntawm lub tswv yim. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm "Ajax" nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog hais tias nws tuas asynchronous cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, thaum lub sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, tus neeg siv yuav ua tag nrho cov tsim nyog yuav tau ua nws. Tsom specifics ntawm txhua rooj plaub, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb koj xav tau txoj kev no mus qhia rau tus qhua ntawm qhov chaw. Tus kwv tij mus rau tib lub tswv yim daim ntawv yuav tsum tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb yuav sau "neeg teb xov tooj dials cov lus teb", los yog ib yam dab tsi uas zoo sib xws.

neeg rau zaub mov teb

Nws yuav tuaj tsis tau tsuas yog rau XML, raws li tej zaum koj yuav xav hais tias vim yog lub npe ntawm technology. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav kis tau raws li lub tiaj ntawv nyeem los yog JSON. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tam sim ntawd tso tawm kom pom nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv. Yog hais tias siv XML, koj yuav tau saib xyuas ntawm uas AJAX-cov ntaub ntawv tau raug zoo tiav nyob rau hauv tus neeg browser. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau (X) HTML. Thaum uas siv cov JSON hom ntawv, koj yuav tsum tau ua lub chaws mus tau tag nrho cov khoom Javascript. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias muaj ntau hackers xav mus rau kis siab phem code los ntawm txoj kev no technology. Nws yog yog li ntawd tsim nyog kom kho rau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj txheej txheem ua ntej lawv yuav tiav. Nta ntawm realization rau txawv browsers tej zaum yuav ib nyuag txawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, qhov kev txiav txim no yog ib lub tswvyim.

Peb ua ib qho kev thov mus rau lub neeg rau zaub mov thiab ib lo lus teb ua

Tag nrho ib theem zuj zus ntawm kev ua raws li nram no:

1. Chiv, koj yuav tsum tau tsim thiab kom paub tseeb tias muaj yog XMLHttpRequest.
2. Ces initializes neeg rau zaub mov kev twb kev txuas.
3. Xa qhov kev thov mus rau nws.
4. Peb tos rau cov ntaub ntawv tuaj, thiab cov txheej txheem lawv.

Nws yuav tsum qhia rau koj txog ib co ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov creation ntawm tus kwv. Nws yuav yuav tshwmsim nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw uas nws yog tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm hom lus programming. Tab sis yog hais tias nws tau muab tus txheej xwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, nyob rau hauv muaj ib tug taw tes nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm rau nws los yuav tau mus ua hauj lwm nrog tsuas yog ib daim ntawv thov. Thaum no tus taw tes, koj yuav tsum tau them ze mloog. Hais txog kev kho mob - ntawm no peb tsom ntsoov rau cov xaiv tseg. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias tus XML ntaub ntawv yuav tsum ua dom-zog thiab qhia qhov uas siv muaj ib kawg nyob rau hauv HTML. Thiab yuav ua li cas nrog JSON-nyob? Nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias nws yog tus kwv cim Javascript. Ua li cas nws txhais li cas? Vim JSON ib tug kwv yuav tsum tuaj raws li ib txoj hlua. Tab sis nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias txoj kev no yog tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tag nrho cov, thiab ib tug ntau yam yuav tsum tau suav hais tias. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, nws yog heev yooj yim.

Neeg rau zaub mov-sab programming lus

Yuav luag txhua web-based daim ntawv thov siv lawv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los sis lwm. Rau cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob yog lub feem ntau nrov PHP. Nyob rau nws feem ntau yog sau cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov chaw, qhov twg tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob npaum li cas, thiab lub nyiam nqi koj tshuav ntawm nws thiab cia siab rau. XMLHttpRequest kis tau tus mob hom kev kawm los sib tham saum toj no.

configuring neeg rau zaub mov

Yuav ua li cas cov kev pab cuam uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab khiav lag luam AJAX? Qhov no muab rau peb? Yuav ua li cas yog lawv rau? Yog xav tau cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog rau cov nram qab no daim ntawv teev:

1. HTML / XHTML. Lawv yuav tsum tau rau cov neeg rau zaub mov kom paub txog cov nplooj ntawv layout.
2. CSS. Qhov cuab yeej no yog tsim nyog rau nrig txog kev pom xaiv ntawm nplooj ntawv tsim.
3. Dom. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom cov dynamic hloov nyob rau ib daim ntawv raws li ib lo lus teb rau qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm tus neeg siv.
4. XML. Yog yuav tsum tau rau cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm tus neeg thiab neeg rau zaub mov.
5. JavaScript. Peb yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug cursor "Ajax" thiab muab interactivity.
6. XMLHttpRequest. Nruas los ntawm kev uas queries yuav muab xa mus rau neeg rau zaub mov.

Siv qhov chaw

Yog li ntawd tam sim no peb muaj ob lub theoretical kev txawj ntse thiab tswv yim hais txog yuav ua li cas lub AJAX. Xa cov ntaub ntawv yog tam sim no tsuas yuav tsum tau ib tug tej yam kev xyaum. Cia peb saib nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, yuav ua li cas rau txoj kev siv ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm siv lub "Ajax". Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug neeg tsav tsheb database. Thiab lawv yuav txawv li uas muaj peev xwm yuav ua. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias saum toj no database yog heev loj, ces kuv cia li xa nws mus rau tus neeg thiab nws muaj muaj yuav ua rau ib tug xaiv siv JavaScript tsis ua kev zoo siab. Nws tseem yog ntshaw kom muaj ib tug web page yog reloaded vim muaj ib tug tib parameter. Nyob rau hauv neeg rau zaub mov kev thov yuav lis tshwj xeeb PHP scripts. Lub database yog siv raws li ib tug XML ntaub ntawv.

Hais txog database

Nws yog tsim nyog los ua hauj lwm tawm nws cov qauv. Thiab yog dab tsi yog hais tias tus dhau tsis, uas yog cov khoom? Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv nws yog tsim nyog los muab rau cov creation ntawm ib tug nce mus nce los, qhov twg yuav muaj tsis muaj link mus rau tus hu tshwm sim los ntawm cov nuj nqi. Yuav tsum tau mus saib nws los ntawm qhov twg nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug ntiaj teb no code. Rau kom yooj yim, nws yog ntshaw kom siv ib tug database system tswj. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog tsis tsim nyog. Tab sis tseem tso cai rau cov kev siv ntawm cov database mus ua hauj lwm ntau khaubncaws thiab zoo nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv.

Peb ua hauj lwm rau engine lag luam

Yuav ua li cas puas tau txhua yam yuav tshwm sim? Yog li ntawd, muaj los muaj tej yam kev tshwm sim, uas yuav ua rau ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqi. Nws yuav npaj ib tug GET los yog NCEJ-cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tau xa mus. Nws ces hu rau cov kev ua, uas yuav ua rau ib tug tsis txaus siab mus rau lub URL ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov tsab ntawv. Nws yog tsim nyog los envisage lub creation ntawm XMLHttpRequest-kwv. Ib tug siv rau nws yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv ib tug nce mus nce los. Tom qab cov ntaub ntawv tau muab xa rau tus neeg rau zaub mov, koj yuav tsum tos rau ib lo lus teb los ntawm nws. Ua li no, koj muaj peev xwm tig rau "wiretapping" rau muab cov ntaub ntawv (yog tias paub, yuav tuaj thiab thaum) los yog muab ib tug muaj nuj nqi uas yuav yeej ib txwm npaj txhij los mus txais cov ntaub ntawv. Tus thawj embodiment yog tsawg txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug txawv tshaj plaw qhov teeb meem no. Qhov thib ob realization - kim nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov kev pab. Txawm tias, yog hais tias nws yog ua li cas nrog txoj kev ib tug nce mus nce los, nws tsis cuam tshuam rau ceev ceev Internet. Tiam sis yog muaj pua pua thiab phav phav, thiab lawv yuav muaj lub siab los daws teeb meem, - ces nws yuav tsum muaj lwm cov teeb meem. Nws yog yog li ntawd tsim nyog mus nrhiav ib tug nqi koj tshuav ntawm cov kev siv ntawm muaj cov kev pab thiab hauj lwm zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias tsis yog txhua txhua muaj lub cim xeeb rau 16 GB. Qhov no tej zaum yuav muab ib tug tej yam tos lub sij hawm tom qab uas pawg li yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv los yog cov ntaub ntawv uas cov neeg rau zaub mov yog tsis muaj nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no.

nta

Thaum uas siv cov "Ajax" yog tsim los ntawm lub interface rau cov nplooj ntawv los yog daim ntawv thov, koj yuav tsum tau kom paub tseeb hais tias cov kev tshwm sim ua hauj lwm zoo nyob rau hauv txawv operating systems, thiab nyob rau txawv browsers. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub yuav tsum tau muab invaluable pab emulators. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob rooj plaub no nws yuav tsum txaus cia li mus nruab ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab lawv kuaj cov functionality ntawm cov code. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog muab rau ua tej yam thiab, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv cov neeg siv cov browser yuav siv tawm ntawm hnub los yog nws yuav kaw qhov tsim nyog chaw. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau muab rau tus ntsoos ntsoos ntawm cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau page, hais yog vim li cas yog vim li cas lawv saib qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsis tau. Yog, tam sim no feem coob ntawm cov neeg siv niaj hnub siv tshuab, tab sis tsis tag cia mus ntawm cov xim rau cov lej probability thiab lub fact tias ib tug ob peb feem pua ntawm cov neeg tuaj xyuas yuav siv ib co outdated software. Thiab nyob rau hauv ua lag ua luam scale nws yuav muaj qhov zoo.

xaus

Qhov ntawd los mus rau ib tug muaj kuab kawg ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm. Yog hais tias peb tham txog "Ajax" rau tag nrho cov, qhov no cia koj los ua ib tug txaus nyiam heev thiab feature-nplua nuj websites uas ua hauj lwm sai sai thiab nrog competent layout xa mus rau nws cov neeg siv ib tug Library. Muaj tsis muaj tsis ntseeg tias yuav muaj txawm ntau tshaj technologies nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tab sis rau tam sim no peb yuav siv li cas peb muaj. Raws li cov kev txhim kho ntawm lub cajmeem hom lus thiab hom kev kawm yog heev ua tau, thiab qhov no yog ib qho kev xaiv uas yuav muaj, txoj kev uas yuav tsim txawm ntau high-quality khoom. Tab sis yog hais tias raws li nws yuav ua tau, lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau tam sim no uas yog. Thiab no lub npe - "Ajax".